The long and winding road of slow archaeology

Session Hosting Format: 
in-person session
Organizer(s): 
  • Lisa Hodgetts, Western University
  • Jessica Metcalfe, Lakehead University
  • Natasha Lyons, Ursus Heritage Consulting
Contact Email: 
Session Description (300 word max): 

Alongside the rise of collaborative community-based approaches in archaeology and cultural heritage in recent decades we have seen a call for “slow archaeology.” It is part of a broader “slow science” movement that counters the dominant “fast science” approach that is “competitive, data-centric, technocratic, and alienated from the societies it serves and studies” (Cunningham & MacEachern 2014:4). Slow archaeology prioritizes deep long-term engagements with research collaborators, participants and the material record, and reflexive, ethical practice. Drawing on grounded theory, it involves embracing process, listening and being responsive, taking an iterative approach that demands patience and sitting with uncertainty.

This session invites reflections on the benefits and challenges of slow archaeology’s longer timelines in community-based research. How does the slower pace and the focus on relationships influence the outcomes and impact of the work? How do we build and maintain long-term research relationships and how do they develop and change over time? What tensions exist between a slow, relational approach and existing structures in the academy, museums and CRM, and how might we alleviate them?

Join us and share your slow archaeology research journeys: lessons learned (sometimes the hard way), things (big and small) to celebrate along the way, and implications for broader archaeology and heritage research practice.

Presentations
“We Take Care of Each Other”: Learning the Pace of Erosion Archaeology in the Lower Wolastoq ( Ken Holyoke )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Ken Holyoke - University of Lethbridge
  • Ramona Nicholas - University of New Brunswick

The Lower Wolastoq Erosion Project (LWEP) was developed in response to community concerns surrounding climate-change driven erosion impacts to archaeology and the resultant destruction of millennial records of Wolastoqey and Wabanaki histories. The purpose of the LWEP is to assess, evaluate, and develop comprehensive mitigative strategies for these impacts. Beginning in 2024 as a collaboration with Wolastoqey Nation in New Brunswick, the LWEP has expanded to involve Wolastoqi archaeologists, students, Wolastoqi and Wabanaki community members, and university-based researchers. Framed around research questions that balance archaeological and community interests, the project has an explicit focus on training and capacity building, improving communication, and integrating conversation and ceremony with archaeology. In this paper, we describe the evolution of the project to date, and how we are working to integrate an understanding of continuities in place and technology in the late Pre-Contact and early post-Contact period, while developing a template for reciprocal and collaborative research relationships among institutions, archaeologists, and Wabanaki communities.

Four Years of Slow Archaeology in Dolores, Guatemala ( Maxime Lamoureux-St-Hilaire )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Maxime Lamoureux-St-Hilaire - Mount Royal University

Since 2022, Ruben Morales Forte and I have been conducting a slow archaeology program with the heritage community of Dolores, Guatemala. This project stems from co-working with Dolores grassroots archaeologists who invited us to their community. Three years of ethnography have allowed us to interview 52 community members about their rapport with archaeology and their hopes for their cultural heritage. Through this process, we have formed relationships with not only community members, but also with three local institutions: (1) the archaeology museum; (2) an archaeological survey program; and (3) the mayor’s office.

Our slow approach and sustained rapports have been somewhat surprising for the community, but the resulting heart-centered relational web was well worth it. After four years, our Phase 1 is complete and we are ready for the archaeological Phase 2 of the program.

The unusual ethnoarchaeological nature of this program has represented a barrier for securing meaningful funding. Conversely, ethnographic work is fairly unexpensive. And while this research has been incredibly rewarding, it would be hard to conduct for either graduate students or scholars working at research-intensive universities.

Yet, we believe our slow approach is promising and has paved the way for a truly community-led excavation program.

In it for the Long Game: Developing the Inuvialuit Living History Website 2.0 ( Lisa Hodgetts )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Lisa Hodgetts - Western University
  • Natasha Lyons - Ursus Heritage Consulting
  • Ethel-Jean Gruben - Inuvialuit Cultural Centre
  • Lena Kotokak - Inuvialuit Cultural Centre
  • Charles Arnold - Independent Researcher
  • Letitia Pokiak - University of British Columbia
  • Chris von Szombathy - YupLook
  • Jasmine Lukuku - YupLook

The Inuvialuit Living History Project is a long-standing collaboration between the Inuvialuit Cultural Centre, Inuvialuit Communications Society, Western University, Ursus Heritage Consulting, Parks Canada and Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Since 2017, we have been working to develop a website that celebrates Inuvialuit culture and heritage within Inuvialuit Nunangat, the Inuvialuit homelands in what is now the western Canadian Arctic. As a community-based initiative, we have worked through multiple iterations of the site over the past nine years to formulate and realize our shared vision, with crucial guidance and input from knowledge and language holders and other community members at every stage. Here, we reflect on this journey as we prepare to launch the site in summer 2026, providing an overview of our process, the many learnings along the way, and the website in its current form. We have built the site to accommodate ever-expanding content, since Inuvialuit history is forever unfolding. Our journey together will continue beyond its launch.

Meanings of Moose: Lessons for Slow Archaeology from Tsattine Territory ( Jessica Metcalfe )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Jessica Metcalfe - Lakehead University
  • Victoria Wanihadie - Tsattine Land

In ‘The Slow Professor,’ Berg and Seeber argue that embracing Slow can help reduce stress, improve research and teaching, and aid in resisting university corporatization. But Slow principles are difficult to put into practice. In this paper we reflect on encounters with animals that serve as embodied metaphors for business-as-usual versus Slow approaches to research and collaboration. In particular, we discuss what we felt and learned from a female moose and her calf, who presented themselves outside the museum windows as we hosted a workshop for Tsattine women and girls. The moose reminded us that adopting Slow principles is not only a matter of individual intentions, but also requires holistic support from the beings around us. For Victoria, the hadaa (moose) created a sense of trust and peace, affirming that we had brought the women and girls together to learn from each other in a good way. The experience was sacred, and reminded her that the workshop was also ceremony. Jessica experienced a profound sense of connection that is difficult to describe. The moose inspired her to reflect on emotionality, spirituality, presence, pace, the need for ceremony, and how archaeological methods and interpretations might change if we acknowledge animal persons.

Photogrammetry in Three Acts ( Patricia Markert )
Presentation format: Online - pre-recorded
Author(s):
  • Patricia Markert - The University of Western Ontario

In this paper, a reflective narrative in three acts, I consider the process of photogrammetry in the context of community-based research. As a method for recording ruins on the landscape, close-range photogrammetry became an integral method of the Old D’Hanis Archaeological Mapping Project, which I started with community members in Medina County, TX in 2018. In contrast to notions of a slow archaeology, there is an immediacy to 3D models. We can zoom in to observe features or take a birds-eye view, all with the instancy afforded by a screen. But of course, virtual models do not appear out of thin air, so here, I shift the focus to the material and personal engagements that brought them about over the long course of the project – the slow work of building something together, from ruins and memories on the landscape. This is a process that started when I was a graduate student and threaded through several life changes, from motherhood to starting a faculty position at Western University. It continues as we grieve losses, address new challenges, forge and maintain relationships, and imagine futures for the project.

Reframing Archaeological Practice in Nunavik: Forty Years of Community-Driven Research ( Susan Lofthouse )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Susan Lofthouse - Avataq Cultural Institute
  • Elsa Cencig - Avataq Cultural Institute

Avataq Cultural Institute was established in 1980 to protect and promote the cultural heritage of Nunavik Inuit. Inuk archaeologist Daniel Weetaluktuk played a foundational role in documenting Nunavik archaeology and advocating for the active involvement of Nunavimmiut in research. Following his passing in 1981, Nunavik Elders mandated Avataq to develop an archaeology program to protect and preserve archaeological heritage for Nunavik Inuit. The department was created in 1985, marking 40 years of activity in 2025.

Over this period, Nunavik has undergone significant local and regional changes, including expanding infrastructure and increased autonomy of regional organizations. Earlier research collaborations involved communities and academic institutions, with Avataq acting as a bridge and logistical support. While this brought research funding, it sometimes brought conflicting priorities. Today, Avataq’s role is to provide archaeological services according to community and regional needs and wishes. Regional funding opportunities have allowed Avataq to build independent community-driven research initiatives; one such project currently underway builds upon work started by Weetaluktuk more than 45 years ago.

By maintaining control over research quality and data stewardship, Avataq ensures that archaeological and historical knowledge production contributes to the broader objective of reconstructing Nunavik’s past, with results disseminated at regional and local scales.

Slow Science in Fast Times: Catching Up with Archaeology’s Platform in a Changing Arctic ( Matthew Walls )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Matthew Walls - University of Calgary
  • Mari Kleist - Ilisimatusarfik (University of Greenland)
  • Pauline Knudsen - Ilismatusarfik (University of Greenland)

Indigenous-partnered research has been a central emphasis in Arctic archaeology over the past decades, reflected in long-term projects, community-directed research objectives, and innovations in knowledge co-production. As a slow science, Arctic archaeology has produced more ethical research practices and more; it has built the relational, epistemic, and collaborative infrastructure that now positions archaeology to lead transdisciplinary responses to urgent environmental and political challenges. In this paper, we reflect on Inughuit-partnered research at Pikialasorsuaq—an environment long cast by Arctic sciences as a self-balancing system requiring external intervention and regulation. Amid fast times in Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) and Nunavut, we find archaeology increasingly called forward as a catalyst discipline capable of reorganizing the nature–culture divide that has sustained the notion of the Arctic as a “global commons”. In this capacity, archaeology offers a platform to lead other sciences, reframing Arctic environments as creative social–ecological systems where future trajectories remain inseparable from Indigenous sovereignty.

Strong Like Two People: Reflecting on Methodology, Practice, and Positionality ( Rebecca Bourgeois )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Rebecca Bourgeois - Western University

The Tłı̨chǫ strive to be “strong like two people,” which means that they work to bring together people from diverse perspectives to build a toward the future collaboratively. In this presentation, I detail our process to build out a strong like two research methodology, which unites traditions, communities, Elders, youth, researchers, and language as kindling from which to ignite a fire for teaching and learning. Built from participatory action research, grounded theory, collaborative research paradigms, and Tłı̨chǫ traditional values, a strong like two research methodology unites people of different backgrounds under a common purpose. Further, it equips research team members with the confidence they need to go out and seek knowledge, returning to the group for collaborative interpretation. While our approach requires the investment of time to establish the fundamentals of a project prior to jumping into direct research questions, this slow start leads to greater relationships, more impactful research practices, and heightened efficiency within a program that centers Indigenous values

The Aasivissuit – Nipisat Interactive Heritage Map: slowing down for genuine partnership ( M. Cecilia Porter )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • M. Cecilia Porter - University of Calgary

Once the A-N area in West Greenland was inscribed as a cultural world heritage site, a means was needed to communicate the cultural significance of the area, past and present. This need formed the foundation for the slow ethnoarchaeological project in which I have partnered with the A-N team since 2022. As part of my PhD research, and through long-term partnership with collaborators in Greenland, I have built an interactive heritage map which aims to communicate the archaeological research in the region as well as the vibrant present day living culture to a broad audience, from Greenlandic youth to international tourists. During this presentation I will share the slow makings of the interactive map, anchored in archaeological science as well as living Greenlandic knowledge, and how my decision to prioritize time living in community shifted my focus to local priorities, slow, relational approaches, and genuine partnership. I will share lessons learned through this journey, and how this relational focus, and choosing to slow down and spend more time in community, influenced the outcome and local reception of my project. I also consider the evolving context of heightened geopolitical attention on Greenlandic sovereignty.

The interactive map is live at www.inuitheritage.gl  

The Graduate Perspective: Being Stewards of Existing Relationships and Conducting Community-Based Research ( Natascha Beisswenger-Mooney )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Natascha Beisswenger-Mooney - Department of Anthropology, Western University
  • Rory Succee - Department of Anthropology, Western University
  • Patricia G. Markert - Department of Anthropology, Western University

Grad student projects take place over short periods of time and might not be what one thinks about when they think of “slow” research. However, our masters' projects are an extension of nearly a decade's worth of community-based work in Medina County, Texas. In this paper, we reflect on our experiences of being stewards of our supervisors (Dr. Patricia G. Markert) community relationships, while also creating our own community connections through participating in community events, and interactions that extend beyond our research into our daily life. One of the projects uses photogrammetry and oral history interviews to understand German-Texan experiences during World War Two as well as the architecture of two settler homes in Quihi, Texas. The other project surveyed St. Dominic's cemetery in D’Hanis, Texas to study how 19th century headstones reflect identity, social, cultural, and artistic trends of the time. In both projects, community members participated in the collection of data and provided vital information. We conclude by reflecting on the ways that our experiences with the community not only shaped and influenced our research but also helped shape us as researchers.

Trust is Key, and Trust takes Time : Archaeology in Kahnwà:ke in the 21st century ( Jennifer Bracewell )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Jennifer Bracewell - Projet Onkwehón:we Project
  • Katsi'tsahén:te Cross-Delisle - Mohawk Council of Kahnawà:ke

In this presentation we will be giving two very different perspectives on archaeology in the Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) community of Kahnawà:ke.

Jennifer’s experience in Kahnawà:ke began with her first field excavation as an undergraduate at McGill in 2002. She will discuss the context of that first excavation, as well as the slow process of building relationships over a number of years when interest in archaeology in the community deepened and became more political. She will end at a turning point, when she met Christine Zachary-Deom, an extraordinary woman and Chief who set up the band council’s first archaeology department.

Katsi’tsahèn:te presents a reflective examination of the development of Archaeology in Kahnawà:ke, rooted in the foundational work and vision of Christine Zachary-Deom. Recounting an early field school encounter involving the uncovering of Ancestral Remains, an event that shaped her professional trajectory. The importance of building meaningful relationships, within the community, across the broader Western scientific field and with governmental entities. Emphasizing that such relationships require ongoing education, mutual respect, and a willingness among researchers to be accountable.

What We Owe the Future: Slow Archaeology and the Long-Term Stewardship of Digital Heritage ( Peter Dawson )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Peter Dawson - University of Calgary
  • John Aycock - University of Calgary

In this presentation, we address a critical and underexplored challenge in heritage preservation: how to ensure that digital representations of cultural heritage remain intelligible and accessible over extremely long time-frames—ranging from 100 to 10,000 years. In the digital realm, bit rot, technological obsolescence, and the loss of contextual information have replaced climate change and human-caused destruction as existential threats to cultural memory. Longtermism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes our ethical responsibility to positively shape the far future. This perspective intersects with digital heritage through a shared commitment to safeguarding cultural heritage for future generations.  As heritage plays a crucial role in cultural awareness, identity, and revitalization in many parts of the world, its loss would have significant consequences for future societies. We introduce the concept of “reconstructive preservation”—a novel approach that treats digital objects not as static archives, but as artifacts that can be reinterpreted and reconstructed by people in the far future, even if they survive only in degraded form. In addition to advocating for the development of frameworks for the long-term stewardship of digital heritage data, we encourage archaeologists to consider how their work may remain meaningful and impactful beyond their own lifetimes.

‘There’s no rush’: engaging with slow archaeology paths as ways of creating meaningful community-based engagement ( Héloïg Barbel Le Page )
Presentation format: In-Person
Author(s):
  • Héloïg Barbel Le Page - Université Laval
  • Lena Onalik - Nunatsiavut Archaeology and Heritage Office
  • Liz Pijogge - Nunatsiavut Archaeology and Heritage Office

During this presentation, we share the slow archeological approaches we have been elaborating since 2021, rooted on community-based engagement in Nunatsiavut, in the Nain area in particular. The several projects conducted through the years allowed us to develop plural ways of engaging with archaeology as ways of creating collective spaces for community members to connect with their heritage and their land and to engage with memory as a lived experience. At the core of our approach is a long-term thinking on meaningful ways of doing, that led us to reappropriate classical archaeological methods of investigations to expand them into socially grounded perspectives. This led us to initiate during the summer 2025 a cyclic program that aims to provide care to locales where material heritage is currently at risk due to soil warming and the expansion of the shrub cover. Our ‘gardening’ approach of the problem consists in providing ‘maintenance’ of the locales by cutting the shrubs and delaying the expansion of their root systems into the material remains. These slow and long-term activities were conducted as ways of engaging with the living memory of the locales through embodied experiences, perpetuating their inscription in the land- and memoryscapes of the community.