Categorizations of Identity in Settler Colonial Contexts: Unsettling Métis as Mixed in the Archaeological Record

Date/Time: 
Thursday, May 3, 2018 - 13:50
Presentation Type: 
Oral (live)
Author(s): 
Kisha Supernant - Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta
Key Word(s): 
Indigenous archaeology
Métis identity
ethnicity
misrepresentation
historical archaeology

Unsettling archaeology requires that we examine the ways we categorize, divide, and characterize the material record and understand the relationships between our analytical frameworks and settler colonialism. The Métis people of Canada have often been categorized as a mixed, hybrid ethnic group, based largely on racialized understandings of the early encounters between Indigenous women and European men. Métis scholars have begun to critique the racial basis for "Métis-as-mixed" and shift toward ways of identifying the Métis based on peoplehood and nationhood. In this paper, I discuss how settler colonial categories of hybridity have influenced past archaeological research on the Métis in Canada and explore how archaeological analysis of Métis sites based on a Métis ontology that centers kinship, mobility, and nationhood can unsettle colonial characterizations of identity. Using examples from my research, I present a framework to conceptualize the rise of a new people through the archaeological record that does not rely on logics of mixedness, but rather considers the spatial and material patterns as representative of an emergent Métis worldview.