@Conference Paper {9965, title = {Utilisation du bois dans l{\textquoteright}Arctique : le bois de gr{\'e}ve hier et aujourd{\textquoteright}hui}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {ALIX, Claire} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {13481, title = {Understanding Chipped Stone Tools~}, volume = {46}, year = {2022}, pages = {194-195}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/46.2.194}, editor = {Arthur W. Anderson} } @article {13185, title = {Using retroReveal as a Complement to DStretch for Enhancing Red Ochre Pictographs}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {46}, year = {2022}, pages = {001-015}, abstract = {

The web-based program retro-Reveal has been used primarily for providing improved visibility of documents with faint text, including stamps, currency, music, and so forth. It has yet to be used to its full potential by archaeologists interested in rock art. The plugin DStretch, used on the ImageJ platform, has been the standard for enhancement of faint red ochre rock art images. We introduce retroReveal as a supplement to photographic investigation through comparison of images from four rock art sites in Alberta, Canada. Processing photographs with the two techniques typically yields comparable results, but often with slight differences. In a few cases, retroReveal makes certain features more apparent than is the case with DStretch; in other instances, the opposite is true. Other positive and negative aspects of the two techniques are discussed. Experiments with black pictographs indicate that retroReveal does not perform satisfactorily with these images. Overall, our results indicate that retroReveal should be added to the toolkit for illuminating painted rock art images.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/46.1.1}, author = {Thomas D. Andrews and Jack W. Brink} } @Conference Paper {10055, title = {Using a Geographic Information System to Predict Archaeological Resource Sensitivity at the Development Planning Stage}, year = {1992}, address = {London}, abstract = {Environmental Management Associates is a diversified enviromnental consulting company. With the heightened awareness regarding the environment, our clients are frequendy requesting that considerable effort be expended at the project planning stage in determining the environmental and cultural resource sensitivity of various areas. A Geographic Information System is used to predict the potential for varions re-sources, thereby allowing the client to choose the least sensitive options for detailed assessment. This paper examines how GIS bas been used to establish the archaeological resource sensitivity using an example from a valley in the Canadian Rockies. Completing this project involved examining known sites for common characteristics. Subsequently, the study area was modelled in 3D to determine slope and aspect and water bodies were buffed at 100 and 200 metres. Certain landforms such as alluvial fans known to have sites associated with them were also given a high potential rating. The attributes were weighted and the scores were summed to determine overall site potential. Because this valley has generally high sensitivity for both environmental and cultural resources throughout, the proponent will be able to focus further states of the route selection process on areas where the overall sensitivity is most manageable.}, author = {Balcom, Rebecca J. and Rick F. Courtney} } @Conference Paper {10069, title = {Un paysage n{\'e}olithique dynamique au Wadi Ziqlab, en Nord-Jordanie}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {E.B. Banning} } @Conference Paper {10246, title = {Unearthing the Late Woodland:Ethnogenesis and Ceramics in the Northeast}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {In NewYork and adjacent areas, ceramic assemblages of the period ca A.D. 1000-1350, termed Owasco, are considered to have been ancestral to later Late Woodland Iroquoian ceramics. Contemporaneous ceramic assemblages in Ontario and Quebec (Pickering, Glen Meyer, Uren) are also considered ancestral to later Iroquoian ceramics. These attributions bring up the question of the ethnicidentity of the manufacturers of the early Late Woodland ceramics; that is, were they Iroquoian speakers? Or, were the Owasco and contemporaneous ceramics of Ontario and Quebec manufactured by non-Iroquoian speakers? By both linguistic groups? Can we discern patterns of continuity (vs. dis-continuity) in ceramics, based on stylistic and/or technological attributes, which may be related to continuity (or dis-continuity) in ethnic identity of the manufacturers? And perhaps most importantly, can questions concerning the sociopolitical and economic events of the Late Woodland stage in the Northeast surrounding Iroquoian ethnogenesis be studied through cerarnic evidence?}, author = {Brumbach, Hetty Jo} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9235, title = {Understanding Stone Tools and Archaeological Sites}, volume = {25}, year = {2001}, pages = {144-146}, editor = {Adrian L. Burke} } @Conference Paper {10302, title = {Unexpected Contributions From An Unusual Man}, year = {2001}, address = {Banff}, abstract = {For close to 30 years, the Province of Alberta has enjoyed the benefits of some of the most comprehensive heritage legislation in North America. As a result of its existence, a cultural resource management regime has been developed which sees the routine conduct of archaeological investigations in conjunction with development projects throughout the Province. These projects range in scale from multi-million dollar investigations spanning five years or more, involving a host of professionals and large territories such as those encompassed by the oil sands mining programmes in northern Alberta, down to brief inspections of individual residential properties. The cumulative effect of these investigations has been to open vast chapters of Alberta{\textquoteright}s prehistory. The existence of this system and the results it generates can be traced to the pioneering leadership of Richard G. Forbis.}, author = {William J. Byrne} } @article {9521, title = {The Use of Simulation Models to Estimate Frequency and Location of Japanese Edo Period Wrecks Along the Canadian Pacific Coast}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {074-094}, abstract = {

Simulation models are used to estimate the frequency of Japanese Edo Period wrecks along the Canadian Pacific Coast and to suggest areas that have the greatest potential for the recovery of archaeological materials. During the Edo Period (AD 1603-1867), vessels of foreign design and traditional vessels capable of safely navigating in the open sea were destroyed to prevent contact with the outside world. Vessel designs were modified so that ships venturing into the open sea would be disabled by storms. Historical records indicate a number of Japanese vessels drifting onto the Canadian and adjacent coasts, in many cases with survivors. These records are used to set parameters for the start point of voyages, whether an attempt is made to steer the vessel, voyage duration, and time of year. The simulation uses the data contained in the U. S. Navy Marine Climatic Atlas of the World.

}, author = {Richard T. Callaghan} } @Conference Paper {10363, title = {Using Archival Data Pertinent to Fur Trade Contact in the Colvile District.}, year = {1973}, address = {Burnaby}, abstract = {The character and abundance of ethnohistoric data available on the fur trade contact with the peoples of the H.B.C, Colvile District of the Columbia Plateau are evaluated. Most attention is given to the documents of the Hudson{\textquoteright}s Bay Company, but some comparison is made to other types of records. Along with the discussion of sources, reference is made to some of the conclusions that may be drawn from them with varying degrees of reliability. Such conclusions refer to demographic changes, alterations of political structure, the emergence of larger ethnic entities, rates of acculturation in relation to the proximity of Fort Colvile, interpretations of the markets, the spread of European ideology and custom, trapping intensity, the role of the Company in gold mining, and the question of peonage to the Company.}, author = {David H. Chance} } @article {12926, title = {Une arch{\'e}ologie sociale des Iroquoiens de Saint-Anicet, la question identitaire / A Social Archaeology of the Saint-Anicet Iroquoians: A Question of Identity}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {45}, year = {2021}, pages = {303-329}, abstract = {

The Saint-Anicet region has received continuous archaeological attention between 1992 and 2017, resulting in a large dataset on three village sites. The McDonald, Droulers, and Mailhot-Curran sites represent a local sequence covering the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries. The material culture, specifically remains of longhouses, corn cultivation, and a rich ceramic assemblage, clearly indicates an Iroquoian identity. While the main goal of fieldwork was to build a social archaeology based on the extensive excavation of longhouses, fieldwork was guided by the conviction that Saint-Anicet Iroquoians were members of a distinct group, identified as St. Lawrence Iroquoians by archaeologists. This study will review the data and arguments supporting this specific cultural identity while problems linked to this identity building will be acknowledged.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/45.2.303}, author = {Claude Chapdelaine} } @article {9526, title = {Une station cosmopolite du Sylvicole Moyen: Pointe-du-Buisson No. 3}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {2}, year = {1978}, pages = {079-100}, abstract = {

The middle Woodland pottery from Area 3 at the Pointe-du-Buisson site exhibits a complex of diagnostic behaviour traits which lead us to postulate that this locality was frequented at different times by Amerindian groups who shared a variety of techniques but differed in their choice of decorative arrangements. Insofar as pottery attributes are concerned, Area 3 is unique in that we find here, concentrated in one place, a number of cultural manifestations that occur only as separate and distinctive entities in other regions such as southern Ontario, the State of New York and the Ottawa Valley.

}, author = {Norman Clermont et Claude Chapdelaine} } @Conference Paper {10386, title = {Understanding Trade and Exchange in Pre-hispanic Cholula, Puebla, Mexico}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {Lithics are an crucial component of understanding material sourcing and exchange networks in Central Mexico. This poster will address the lithic material recovered from the 2006/2007 rescue excavations completed in Cholula Mexico. Approximately 650 pieces of flakes lithic material were found. The majority of raw material was obsidian, which was tentatively sourced based on physical appearance. Analysis of ceramic material suggests the deposits date to the Post-Classic. When the results are compared to previous research, a pattern emerges showing changes in resource use over time. The length of occupation of Cholula provides an case study for how exchange patterns fluctuated depending on political relationships of neighboring city states (such as Teotihuacan).}, author = {Tanya Chiykowski} } @Conference Paper {10502, title = {Use Wear Analysis of Pre-Mazama Lithics from Banff National Park}, year = {1994}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {Use wear studies are now becoming an important part of the archaeological analysis of stone tools. By using pre-Mazarna lithic materials from three sites within Banff National Park, this paper will demonstrate the application of models in depicting use wear traces, present the study{\textquoteright}s findings and its implication on present interpretation of tool usage, and argue for the incorporation of both low and high power techniques in practical lithic studies.}, author = {CUNNINGHAM, Jeremy J.} } @Conference Paper {10521, title = {An Unusual Pit Feature at Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, Alberta}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {Mitigative excavations at Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump (HSI) have revealed a large and unusual pit feature located in the processing area, well below the kill-site. This conical pit, over a metre in depth, contained 927 identifiable bison bone specimens, including articulated joints, several skull portions, and bones from one or more extremely large bison. The 46 artifacts fall into upper and lower groupings. The upper group includes a typical assortment of HSI lithics such as projectile points, an end scraper, modified flakes and cores. The lower group is made up of 19 sherds of a single pottery vessel, two ochre-painted bones, and two spatulate objects made from bison mandibles. A suite of radio-carbon dates indicates an (uncalibrated) age of 1250 {\textpm} 50 B.P. and the artifacts suggest an Avonlea affiliation. The shape and contents of this pit are unique and there is no obvious functional interpretation. A ceremonial association is suggested.}, author = {DAMKJAR, Eric} } @article {12568, title = {Unsettled Archaeology with a Resettled Community: Practicing Memory, Identity, and Archaeology in Hebron}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {44}, year = {2020}, pages = {066-082}, abstract = {

The Hebron Family Archaeology Project is a multi-year project which works towards increasing our understanding of twentieth-century life in Hebron, a former Inuit community in northern Labrador whose residents (Hebronimiut) were forcibly relocated in 1959. The primary goal of the project is to provide opportunities for the residents of Hebron to return to their homeland and to record the stories and memories of Elders before they are lost. Based on the expressed interests of community members, the scope of research has shifted from household excavation to non-invasive archaeological recording methods, family-based interviews, and increasing accessibility. Project goals and methods are flexible in nature in order to suit the needs of the people I am trying to serve, and my role as a researcher has changed as a result. While these factors have unsettled the original goals of the project, ultimately, they have provided critical guiding lessons to develop an Inuit-driven narrative that will be relevant and accessible to present and future generations of Hebronimiut.

}, author = {Michelle Tari Davies} } @Conference Paper {10553, title = {Umiujuq: The Discovery of a Possible Umiaq on the Southwestern Coast of Hudson Bay, Nunavut.}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Recent archaeological excavations carried out on the southwestern coast of Hudson Bay have resulted in the discovery of what may be the keel section (keelson) from a 7.3 meter long watercraft, possibly an umiaq. Umiaqs were large skin boats with open decks that were used for transportation and sea mammal hunting throughout the Arctic. What makes this find particularly significant is that while historic and ethnographic accounts indicate that kayaks (qayaqs) were widely used, umiaqs were not recorded for Inuit groups occupying this region, and not recalled by informants living in this century. There are, however, limited accounts by explorers who observed open-decked boats that might be umiaqs as late as the 18th century. Although the accuracy of these accounts has been questioned, the recent discovery of at least one stone umiaq stand at an archaeological site on the Maguse river during the summer of 2003 provides additional evidence for the use of umiaqs in this area. In this paper, we present a preliminary analysis of the possible umiaq part with reference to other circumpolar umiaq designs and construction techniques. In addition, we discuss the wider significance of this find for understanding the development of Caribou Inuit culture in this region.}, author = {DAWSON, Peter C. and Matthew D. Walls} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9258, title = {Understanding the Archaeological Record}, volume = {37}, year = {2013}, pages = {334-337}, editor = {R. Carl DeMuth} } @Conference Paper {10569, title = {Unearthing the Law: New Directions in Archaeology and the Law}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {A comparative analysis of archaeological legislation discloses many common features, but also some discrepancies. This presentation will focus on the question of where archaeological legislation is likely to go next.}, author = {Denhez, Marc} } @Conference Paper {10588, title = {Un tandem, arch{\'e}ologie et am{\'e}nagement : Le nouveau Vieux-Port de Montr{\'e}al}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {La d{\'e}cision d{\textquoteright}inclure l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie dans le cadre d{\textquoteright}un grand projet d{\textquoteright}am{\'e}nagement n{\textquoteright}est pas nouvelle, on en a vu des exemples dans les grands projets hydro-{\'e}lectriques, {\'e}galement dans les parcs nationaux; mais en milieu urbain, dans un contexte industriel, c{\textquoteright}est d{\'e}j{\`a} plus rare. Qui plus est, suite aux attentes exprim{\'e}es lors d{\textquoteright}une consultation publique! Mais dans un contexte particulier de vestiges d{\textquoteright}architecture industrielle et de g{\'e}nie civil, il {\'e}tait difficile d{\textquoteright}envisager la m{\'e}thode traditionnelle qui consiste {\`a} faire les fouilles par les arch{\'e}ologues puis, par la suite, laisser aux architectes et aux ing{\'e}nieurs le soin de faire la mise en valeur. Ce que nous allons discuter ici, c{\textquoteright}est la d{\'e}marche adopt{\'e}e au Vieux-Port de Montr{\'e}al pour inclure l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie {\`a} l{\textquoteright}int{\'e}rieur du projet d{\textquoteright}am{\'e}nagement, de sa conception {\`a} sa r{\'e}alisation, incluant une interaction continue entre les arch{\'e}ologues, architectes-am{\'e}nagistes, ing{\'e}nieurs, gestionnaires, administrateurs et contracteurs.}, author = {Desjardins, Pauline} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9013, title = {Under the Boardwalk in Quebec City: Archaeology in the Courtyard and Gardens}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {193-194}, editor = {Dena Doroszenko} } @Conference Paper {10665, title = {Use of Ethnohistoric Data in Archaeological Predictive Modelling}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {Predictive modelling is becoming a major tool used by land managers and First Nations to help determine the appropriate scope of archaeological impact assessment work for proposed developments. Millennia Research Limited has been at the forefront of utilizing GIS to obtain 1:20,000 scale maps that are much more accurate and precise than previous models. Ethnohistoric data has two principal uses in predictive modelling. First, ethnographic and ethnohistoric data regarding land and resource use, seasonal movements, and so on, can help build general models of likely associations between archaeological sites and mapped variables. Secondly,ethnohistoric data (especially traditional use information on resource extraction and habitation sites) can be used as a mapped dataset, which directly contributes to archaeological prediction models. This type of data is used to provide general areas of higher site potential, which is further modified by topographic, vegetation, hydrographic, geological and other variables.}, author = {Morley Eldridge} } @article {9579, title = {Understanding "Clovis" Fluted Point Variability in the Northeast: A Perspective from the Debert Site, Nova Scotia}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {205-253}, abstract = {

This paper compares fluted points from the Debert site, Nova Scotia, with assemblages of \&$\#$39;Clovis\&$\#$39; or \&$\#$39;Clovis-like\&$\#$39; fluted points from across the Midwest and Northeast regions. The focus is on comparison of continuous variables that previous research has suggested may be useful in distinguishing regional, temporal, and artifact life-history variation. The results indicate that while Debert points are most similar to those from such sites as Vail, Maine, and Lamb, New York, they differ significantly in certain characteristics. It is also concluded that the Debert points represent a very exhausted assemblage in comparison to other reported sites. In particular, the Debert assemblage includes a large number of forms with sub-triangular outlines, which all evidence suggests represent the use and reshaping of snapped tips derived from an initial larger, more parallel-sided form. Possible explanations for this emphasis are suggested.

}, author = {Christopher Ellis} } @Conference Paper {10735, title = {On the Use of Computers in Processing Settlement Pattern Data from Iroquoian Sites}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {In 1975, salvage excavations were carried out at the Draper site, a 15th century Huron village site near Toronto, Ontario. This resulted in the investigation of more than five acres of the site. All settlement pattern data is being processed by computer. This paper summarizes the nature and potential of the computer-based system which has been developed.}, author = {William D. Finlayson} } @Conference Paper {10745, title = {Un syst{\'e}me d{\textquoteright}information urbain {\`a} r{\'e}f{\'e}rence spatiale appliqu{\'e} {\`a} l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {Le d{\'e}veloppement du tissu urbain a rendu la planification, la r{\'e}alisation et l{\textquoteright}analyse des interventions arch{\'e}ologiques complexes. Une grande quantit{\'e} d{\textquoteright}informations doit {\^e}tre examin{\'e}e. En arch{\'e}ologie ces informations proviennent de sources historiques ou dans certains cas d{\textquoteright}autres sous-organismes, municipaux ou non telle l{\textquoteright}hygi{\'e}ne du milieu, les r{\'e}seaux d{\textquoteright}{\'e}quipements souterrains, etc. La fouille, proprement dite, g{\'e}n{\'e}re une quantit{\'e} respectable d{\textquoteright}informations pour fins d{\textquoteright}analyse. La corr{\'e}lation de toutes ces informations pour des {\'e}tudes ult{\'e}rieures s{\textquoteright}av{\'e}re extr{\^e}mement complexe et laborieuse. Il s{\textquoteright}agit d{\textquoteright}un projet pilote, en collaboration avec la Ville de Qu{\'e}bec et le D{\'e}partement de G{\'e}omatique du Coll{\'e}ge de Limoilou. Ce projet vise {\`a} cr{\'e}er un outil d{\textquoteright}aide {\`a} la planification, au traitement, au stockage et {\`a} l{\textquoteright}analyse des interventions arch{\'e}ologiques. Cet outil informatique g{\'e}re en fait des informations alpha-num{\'e}riques et graphiques, dans un syst{\'e}me de coordonn{\'e}es absolues. De par sa relation avec d{\textquoteright}autres S.I.U.R.S. d{\textquoteright}une m{\^e}me municipalit{\'e}, ce projet am{\'e}liorera la protection du patrimoine.}, author = {Fiset, Bendit} } @article {9590, title = {Untanglers of Matters Temporal and Cultural: Glass Beads and the Early Contact Period Huron Ball Site}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {117-138}, abstract = {

Despite the positive chronological determinations that have been derived from sixteenth and seventeenth century glass beads, this artifact has yet to receive the respect it deserves for elucidating a variety of cultural dilemmas. This paper presents a review of a generally accepted bead chronology that has been established for northeastern North America, examines various interpretive uses to which the assemblage from the Huron Ball village can be placed, and finally evaluates the cultural explanations that have been derived from INAA analyses of turquoise-coloured glass beads.

}, author = {William R. Fitzgerald and Dean H. Knight and Allison Bain} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9140, title = {An Upper Great Lakes Archaeological Odyssey: Essays in Honor of Charles E. Cleland}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {109-112}, editor = {William A. Fox} } @article {13852, title = {The Unanticipated Legacy of Howard G. Savage: Reflections on Teaching, Learning, and Practising Zooarchaeology in Ontario}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {47}, year = {2023}, pages = {130-154}, abstract = {

Dr. Howard G. Savage, one of the founders of zooarchaeology in Canada, taught the Faunal Archaeo-Osteology course at the University of Toronto from the 1970s to the 1990s. Hundreds of students completed the course, taking away a solid appreciation of zooarchaeological data generation, representation, and analysis. In this article, we consider why the course had a profoundly positive influence on so many students and examine how Dr.\ Savage{\textquoteright}s legacy lives on in zooarchaeology in Ontario. We then interrogate the appropriateness of transferring lessons of an undergraduate course into professional approaches and find that this transferring has indirectly resulted in an arbitrary and insufficiently large sample size appearing in government guidelines for professional archaeologists. Similarly, practices that were deemed appropriate in a university course context, such as a tendency to not identify fish vertebrae, have carried over into professional standards and practice and have resulted in biased zooarchaeological datasets. We argue that accepted practices within zooarchaeology in the province need to be revised and strengthened.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/47.2.130}, author = {T. Max Friesen and Alicia L. Hawkins and Suzanne Needs-Howarth and Trevor J. Orchard and Frances L. Stewart} } @article {12539, title = {The Upper Island Cove Petroglyphs: An Algonquian Enigma}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {43}, year = {2019}, pages = {123-161}, abstract = {

Small lichen-obscured petroglyphs carved onto a rock face on the outskirts of the community of Upper Island Cove (UIC), Newfoundland have been known to residents for at least 75 years. The glyphs are comprised of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures as well as Roman-type script. Photogrammetry and Highlight-Reflectance Transformation Imaging were employed to document and analyse the inscriptions as well as to interpret the sequence of carving. Stylistic comparisons with similar petroglyphs in northeastern North America appear to situate the Upper Island Cove example within the cultural traditions of Algonquian- speaking peoples. The UIC carvings are thought to date to the historic period, yet when and by whom these petroglyphs were carved remains uncertain. Their age, however, is of secondary importance to their cultural attribution, as they are the first Indigenous petroglyphs recorded on the island of Newfoundland.

}, author = {Barry C. Gaulton and Bryn Tapper and Duncan Williams and Donna Teasdale} } @Conference Paper {10879, title = {Using Advances in Technology to Study Bog Bodies: The Possibilities and Limitations}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Although various reports place the number of preserved bodies, or body parts, from the peat bogs of northwestern Europe at anything up to 1500, less than 50 bog bodies still exist. Most of the known bodies are either on display in museums or hidden in museum storeroom. The majority of the research on these bodies was conducted in the interval between discovery and conservation or display and little new research has been undertaken with these bodies in recent decades.This paper discusses the methods used in a current project to re-examine five Iron Age human mummies and one skull from the peat of northern Germany and will discuss the issues associated with invasive and non-invasive studies of mummified human remains.}, author = {Gill-Robinson, Heather} } @Conference Paper {10912, title = {Update on the Oxbow Dam Site: The excavation continues after forty years / Site Oxbow Dam : 40 ans plus tard, les fouilles continuent}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {The Oxbow Dam Site (DhMn-1) was originally tested in 1956 by Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History (present-day Royal SaskatchewanMuseum) staff. Material from the early excavation, in conjunction with artifacts from the Long Creek Site, was used to define the Oxbow Culture. Over the last forty years, numerous questions have arisen about the findings of the museum excavation. This paper presents the preliminary results of a small excavation conducted at the site over the 1995 and 1996 field seasons which should help answer some of those questions.}, author = {GREEN, D{\textquoteright}Arcy} } @Conference Paper {10911, title = {The Use of Caves in Taino Religion}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {The use of caves as ritual and sacred landscapes has been well-explored in New World archaeology, especially in regards to Mesoamerican civilizations. Recent evidence has shed light on the importance of caves in the Caribbean, specifically the Classic Taino Chiefdoms of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico. This poster will show that Taino cave use reflects a highly developed and relatively wide-spread religion with direct implications for Taino social structure. Taino cave art demonstrates the alternative use of caves as a ritual area and the possible location of the axis mundi {\textendash} the connecting element to the various realms of the cosmos. The importance of Taino religion has been documented with ethnohistoric sources, but as the indigenous population was completely erased with the arrival of Columbus, material remains are all we have to create a picture of the importance of religion to a developing Chiefdom-type society.}, author = {Jenna Green} } @article {9638, title = {An Unusual Collection of Artifacts from Labrador}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {10}, year = {1986}, pages = {001-016}, abstract = {

This paper describes a small collection of artifacts held by the McCord Museum, McGill University. The collection is accessioned as having come from Labrador, yet the artifacts are not clearly related to any known prehistoric or historic cultural tradition. It is hoped that the publication of this description will lead to the identification of the material.

}, author = {Betty Issenman and Robert McGhee and Catherine Rankin} } @article {12565, title = {Unsettling Archaeology}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {44}, year = {2020}, pages = {001{\textendash}019}, abstract = {

In this introduction to the special issue, we examine some of the ways that settler colonialism permeates archaeology in Canada and argue for unsettling approaches to archaeology. Archaeology is a product of and remains a tool for settler colonialism, often oppressing both people of the past and people in the present, especially Indigenous People, Black People, People of Colour, and LGBTQ2S+ community members. We call for unsettling research paradigms, which aim to disrupt the settler colonial foundations that continue to permeate archaeological work and ensure that it benefits only a select few. Unsettling approaches target not only the work we do as archaeologists, but also the structures our work operates through, including universities, museums, different levels of government, and heritage policy and legislation governing private sector archaeology. They require us to acknowledge and confront our relationships to settler colonialism and the ways we participate in it, in all aspects of our lives. Unsettling paradigms play out differently within each project and for each participant, depending on individuals{\textquoteright} unique relationships to settler colonialism, their own experiences, and the context. As illustrated in the papers in this special issue, they encompass themes of truth, listening, learning, feeling, relinquishing control, and building strong futures. To move towards an archaeology that is anti-colonial, anti-racist, and anti-mysogynist, we must address the deeply embedded colonialism, racism, and misogyny in Canadian settler colonial structures and society. We must start by addressing them within ourselves and the institutions that govern and support our work. Because the unequal power relations within archaeology are so entrenched and pervasive, change may come slowly. It will involve long-term commitment to an ongoing cycle of learning, feeling (particularly when we feel uncomfortable), questioning, and most importantly, acting.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/44.1.1}, author = {Laura Kelvin and Lisa Hodgetts} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11542, title = {Unsettling Mobility: Mediating Mi{\textquoteright}kmaw Sovereignty in Post-contact Nova Scotia}, volume = {41}, year = {2017}, pages = {343-346}, editor = {M. Gabriel Hrynick} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9468, title = {Understanding Stone Tools: A Cognitive Approach}, volume = {9}, year = {1985}, pages = {187-191}, editor = {Martin P.R. Magne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9293, title = {The Uncovered Past: Roots of Northern Alberta Societies}, volume = {21}, year = {1997}, pages = {088-091}, editor = {David Meyer} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {12551, title = {Uncovering Submerged Landscapes: Towards a GIS Method for Locating Submerged Archaeology in Southeast Alaska}, volume = {43}, year = {2019}, pages = {264-267}, editor = {William T. D. Wadsworth} } @article {9803, title = {The Use of Fur Trade Goods by the Plains Indians, Central and Southern Alberta, Canada}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {21}, year = {1997}, pages = {045-084}, abstract = {

This paper examines the rate that Native people adopted European goods in southern and central Alberta during the Protohistoric and Historic Periods. Using the historic documentary and archaeological evidence from Alberta, the degree of use of European goods by Plains Indians during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was re-considered. The results indicate that Alberta Plains Indians, living in the \&$\#$39;Indirect\&$\#$39; trade zone, retained much of their traditional material culture and acquired relatively few European goods during the Protohistoric Period. With the permanent establishment of fur trade posts in Alberta, Native peoples gradually acquired more European goods. These results are contrary to Ray\&$\#$39;s (1978) model that suggests extensive Cree and Assiniboine Middleman trade of used European goods to Alberta Plains Indians during the Protohistoric Period.

}, author = {Heinz W. Pyszczyk} } @article {12570, title = {Unsettling the Archaeology Field School: Development of a Community Engaged Model at the University of Northern British Columbia}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {44}, year = {2020}, pages = {105{\textendash}132}, abstract = {

In this paper, Unsettling Archaeology refers to improving how we as archaeologists work with Indigenous communities on their heritage. A fundamental part of this process involves how we train students, and the archaeology field school provides a perfect vehicle in which to explore new avenues. Since 2000, the University of Northern British Columbia has partnered with a number of Indigenous communities on the coast and in the interior of British Columbia, to deliver 13 field schools in various locations. A key pillar of the field school model is the integration and weaving of traditional knowledge taught by community members, and a science-based approach to field methods, taught by university staff. This paper describes the initial field school model and highlights problems and successes with implementation.

}, author = {Farid Rahemtulla} } @article {11110, title = {The Use of Style in Resistance, Politics and the Negotiation of Identity: St. Lawrence Iroquoians in a Huron-Wendat Community}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {001-022}, abstract = {

The late sixteenth century Huron-Wendat Benson site in the Balsam Lake area of south-central Ontario has produced substantial quantities of a characteristic \‘barred\’ ceramic motif found virtually nowhere else. In addition, it has produced ceramics that are \“hybrids\” of Huron-Wendat and St. Lawrence Iroquoian styles. An analysis of these ceramics leads to the interpretation that they are part of a complex process of power brokering by women in the community. In part this entails symbolic resistance on the part of adopted St. Lawrence Iroquoian women. At the same time, it reveals a strategy used by both St. Lawrence Iroquoian and Huron-Wendat women of sending signals of ambiguous political allegiance, either to achieve a degree of political flexibility, or to attempt to mediate between the community\’s two competing political factions.

}, author = {Peter Ramsden} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9402, title = {Upon a Point: a Preliminary Investigation of Ethnicity as a Source of Metric Variation in Lithic Projectile Points}, volume = {10}, year = {1986}, pages = {193-195}, editor = {Brian E. Spurling} } @article {9858, title = {Using Aerial Photography for Site Survey in Arctic Canada: the Lancaster Sound NOGAP Study}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {15}, year = {1991}, pages = {117-128}, abstract = {

Aerial photography is widely recognized as one of the most efficient means of conducting a survey, particularly in inaccessible areas. Despite this, its application in archaeological studies within Canada has been quite limited. In 1987 a pilot study using low level/large scale aerial photography for archaeological survey was undertaken in the Lancaster Sound region of High Arctic Canada, as part of the Northern Oil and Gas Action Plan (NOGAP) Archaeology Project. This paper describes the procedures used and the results obtained in the pilot study, and discusses the efficacy of this approach relative to conventional survey methods. It concludes that aerial photography is a cost-effective technique for archaeological reconnaisance of large and relatively inaccessible areas in the Canadian High Arctic.

}, author = {Patricia D. Sutherland and H. Paul Roy} } @Symposium Papers {10990, title = {The utilization of land inventory data for bio-archaeology}, volume = {7}, year = {1975}, pages = {191-200}, author = {Morgan~J.~Tamplin} }