@Conference Paper {9946, title = {Aboriginal Rights and Cultural Contact: Paradigm or Platitude? / Droits des Autochtones et contact culturel : paradigme ou lieu commun?}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {Aboriginal rights fundamentally rest on the notion of traditional use. A series of recent Supreme Court of Canada decisions have underscored this relationship and, in doing so, have forced the question of what constitutes culture contact and what forms of evidence, including archaeological, may assist in the legal determination of aboriginal rights. According to the courts, to qualify as an aboriginal right an activity must be an element of a practice, custom or tradition integral (i.e. a central and significant part) to the distinctive culture of the aboriginal group claiming the right prior to contact with European societies. Date of contact is assumed to be the point at which aboriginal contact with European society was sufficient to have influence on aboriginal culture. This paper critically explores the concept of culture contact as an agency of change by asking the question what constitutes culture contact?}, author = {Steven Acheson} } @Conference Paper {9950, title = {Analogy and Technology: The Problfm of Microblade Use}, year = {1973}, address = {Burnaby}, abstract = {Discoveries of microblades in sites in the Pacific Northwest, Alaska, and Canada have prompted investigators to consider the modes of microblade production. Primary emphasis has been on the identification of microcore types for use as spatial and temporal indicators. As a tentative venture into the problematic area of microblade use, a three fold approach has been taken in this paper: (1) ethnographic analogy - a study of side and end hafted tools from selected ethnographic collections, (2) experimental - use of microblades as end and side hafted tools in working wood and bone, and (3) archeological - analysis of wear patterns on a collection of microblades from a site in southeastern Alaska.}, author = {Robert E. Ackerman} } @Conference Paper {9957, title = {Archaeological Fiction And Fact / Fiction et r{\'e}alit{\'e} arch{\'e}ologiques}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {In the last 30 years, but at an accelerating rate throughout the 90s, a new genre of literature {\textendash}archaeological fiction{\textendash} has become prevalent in bookstores across North America. In these books, authors attempt to reconstruct the lives of past peoples through a fictional narrative, but use an essential base of archaeological data to accomplish this task. However, very few of these authors are archaeologists. This has important ramifications in terms of the accuracy of the material presented, since for a large segment of the general public, these novels and certain sensationalistic TV documentaries are the only contact these people will ever have with archaeology. Questions to be addressed will include: (1) How much archaeological fiction is actually being read by the general public; and (2) How do different groups of people (i.e. literary critics, professional archaeologists, the reading public, ect.) feel about archaeological fiction in general? By answering these questions, and by doing a breif survey of the overall factual accuracy of the literature, I will address the third, and most important question: How well is archaeological fiction actually educating the public about archaeology, and what can be done to increase this level of information?}, author = {AITCHISON, Sarah} } @Conference Paper {9969, title = {Akikpautik in the Reconciliation of Worldviews about Archaeological Research}, year = {2006}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {This presentation provides a case study about Akikpautik, an ancient Indigenous sacred site, fishing and sugaring location on the Ottawa River at Chaudi{\'e}re Falls. Nineteenth century development has left substantial industrial period archaeological remains on the cultural landscape here, proof of abrupt alteration of the former use of the land and water. The author, as historian and practitioner of Indigenous Archaeology (IA), is working extensively with revered spiritual leader, Dr. Elder William Commanda of Kitigan Zibi, a dynamic descendant of a long line of distinguished ancestors. In search of details about the history and context of Akikpautik, IA is useful. It recognizes both the strengths and limitations of conventional archaeological research, but is open to gleaning site documentary evidence from such sources as wampum, oral tradition, nuances of linguistics and the relationship between the land under study and traditional sacred ceremonies and gatherings. One result of using IA in researching Akikpautik may be growth toward a reconciliation of differing worldviews about the scope of Stage 1 archaeological research, the pre-excavation stage which treats detailed documentary research of the land.}, author = {Allen, William} } @Conference Paper {9991, title = {Archaeological Potential Modelling in North Eastern British Columbia}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {Archaeological Potential Modelling through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is increasingly gaining popularity in the archaeological and business communities as an efficient cost-effective way to manage and protect the cultural heritage. However, since for the most part the variables used are environmental (e.g. aspect, slope, elevation, distance to water) the greatest challenge that the modeller faces is related to the quality of data entered to produce the digital surfaces on which the spatial analysis will be based.}, author = {Anaya-Hernandez, Armando} } @Symposium Papers {10970, title = {Athapaskans in the Kobuk Arctic Woodlands, Alaska?}, volume = {2}, year = {1970}, pages = {003-012}, author = {Douglas~D.~Anderson} } @Conference Paper {10005, title = {Archaeology in the Public Service / L{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie dans la fonction publique}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {Indians working in the public service need not be restricted to the Department of Indian Affairs. My work with Parks Canada has been involved with interpreting the cultural heritage of native people. In my career in the civil service I have become acquainted with various heritage sites across the country. This has allowed me to continue to work on Indian issues that relate to cultural resource management.}, author = {ANTONE, Paul} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9315, title = {Archaeological Investigation of Cape Addington Rockshelter: Human Occupation of the Rugged Seacoast on the Outer Prince of Wales Archipelago, Alaska}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {105-108}, editor = {David J. W. Archer} } @Conference Paper {10012, title = {Agents as Cultural Motivators}, year = {2006}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {In this presentation, I shall discuss the concept of agents, in groups or as individuals, as motivators for cultural change. I shall propose an ideological scheme that is fit for understanding the cultural influence that an agent may have expressed in the archaeological record. I will infer that by understanding the agent within the context of a macro-system, yet simultaneously being subject to unique microcosmic biases, he or she may have been able to express and diffuse non-discursive information into a social system that may have influenced its cultural representations. Furthermore, I will explore the need for a methodological approach, involving a stylistic and spatial analysis of cultural materials, from which we may attempt to understand the extent of an agent{\textquoteright}s diffused biases.}, author = {Ardanaz, Jordan J.} } @Conference Paper {10013, title = {An Archaeological Reconnaissance at Hebron, Labrador}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {This paper presents the results of a brief archaeological reconnaissance of the Hebron Mission (1830-1959) site conducted in 1990. Arguably among the preeminent {\textquoteright}historical{\textquoteright} properties along Canada{\textquoteright}s Atlantic coast, the site also contains extensive remains of pre-missionary activity by Thule and Dorset occupants.}, author = {Arendt, Beatrix and Stephen Loring} } @article {9482, title = {An Analysis of Thule Pottery}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {001-021}, abstract = {

This paper reviews evidence for the origin, distribution, and varieties of Thule pottery. Information obtained from the analysis of a sample of Thule pottery is interpreted in light of ethnographic descriptions of pottery manufacture in the Arctic. The results of the study provide a basis for evaluating various ideas that have been put forward concerning the distribution of this cultural trait.

}, author = {Charles D. Arnold and Carole Stimmel} } @inbook {11006, title = {Archaeological Investigations on Richards Island}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 2}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {85-93}, abstract = {This paper presents an overview of archaeological excavations that have been carried out by the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre at three localities on Richards Island, in the outer delta of the Mackenzie River. Further research that is planned to analyze the Richards Island archaeological data is discussed.}, author = {Charles D. Arnold}, editor = {Jean-Luc Pilon} } @article {9481, title = {Artifact Conservation in Beaufort Sea Archaeology}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {15}, year = {1991}, pages = {045-053}, abstract = {

Artifact conservation has been an essential component of the archaeological work undertaken by the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre in the Beaufort Sea Region. Since 1983, conservators and archaeologists have worked together in the field and in the laboratory to develop procedures which minimize physical alteration of artifacts following their excavation from frozen sites. Our experience demonstrates the need for archaeologists to learn about artifact conservation as part of their academic training, and for conservators to gain first-hand experience with archaeological excavations.

}, author = {Charles D. Arnold and Rosalie Scott} } @inbook {11005, title = {Archaeological Field Training in the NOGAP Area}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 1}, volume = {1}, year = {1991}, pages = {7-13}, abstract = {Northern Native people have a long-standing interest in their archaeological heritage, but seldom have had opportunities to participate in archaeological studies. The Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre received NOGAP funding in 1985 and 1986 to help resolve that problem by preparing and providing archaeological field training programs in the hydrocarbon development area. We have found that the key to effective training for people who lack an academic background is to make archaeology relevant. This paper summarizes our approach to archaeological field training, and identifies other ways that Native people can participate in archaeological studies. Benefits which archaeological projects can derive from participation by Native peoples are also discussed.}, author = {Charles D. Arnold and Christopher C. Hanks}, editor = {Jacques Cinq-Mars and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Conference Paper {10015, title = {Artifact Conservation in the Beaufort Sea}, year = {1989}, address = {Fredericton}, abstract = {Artifact conservation has been an essential component of the archaeological work undertaken by the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Center in the Beaufort Sea Region. Since 1983, conservators and archaeologists have worked together in the field and in the laboratory to develop procedures which minimize physical alteration of artifacts following their excavation from frozen sites. Our experience demonstrates the need for archaeologists to learn about artifact conservation as part of their academic training, and for conservators to gain first-hand experience with archaeological sites.}, author = {Charles D. Arnold} } @Conference Paper {10034, title = {ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE FROBISHER VOYAGES: 1990}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {The archaeological remains of Martin Frobisher{\textquoteright}s sixteenth century expeditions searching for a northern route to Cathay and mining gold ore in Frobisher Bay, southeastern Baffin Island, were investigated by a joint Canadian-American team in August 1990. The four-week survey by archaeologists, geologists, and historians was the first of a planned multi-year community-based project which will involve local participation in field excavation and oral history reconstruction. The primary focus of the study is the earliest documented European voyages to the North American Arctic and their impact on early Inuit cultures during a period of significant climatic change, the Little Ice Age. Eventually this material will be compared to the later culture contact experienced in the whaling period. During the 1990 season, 46 archaeological sites were located including several Frobisher sites and Inuit contact period sites. The sites suggest a considerable amount of artifactual and faunal evidence for European-Inuit contact exists in outer Frobisher Bay and that Inuit interaction with the Frobisher expeditions and material remains was more extensive than suggested in the historic accounts. The sites also should permit study of broader issues including the effect of environmental conditions on resource availability during the Little Ice Age and the indirect effects of European contact on Eastern Arctic Inuit political,economic, and demographic systems.}, author = {R. Auger and William Fitzhugh and Lynda Gullison and Anne Henshaw} } @Conference Paper {10033, title = {ARCHEOLOGIE A L{\textquoteright}ILE KODLUNARN: CAMP DE BASE DE MARTIN FROBISHER 1577-1578}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {Les exploits de Martin Frobisher (1576-. 1578) dans sa poursuite de la d{\'e}couverte du passage du nord-ouest n{\textquoteright}ont d{\textquoteright}{\'e}gal que son habilet{\'e} {\`a} convaincre ses cr{\'e}anciers de lui fournir les fonds n{\'e}cessaires {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tablissement d{\textquoteright}une colonie de 400 mineurs sur l{\textquoteright}{\^\i}le Kodlunarn. Au cours des trois ann{\'e}es cons{\'e}cutives que Frobisher dirigea ses exp{\'e}ditions dans l{\textquoteright}Arctique, la premi{\'e}re visait {\`a} d{\'e}couvrir la route vers la Chine, alors que les deux autres avaient pour objectif l{\textquoteright}exploitation de minerais dans le but d{\textquoteright}en extraire l{\textquoteright}or qu{\textquoteright}ils devaient contenir. Cette entreprise pour la moins audacieuse r{\'e}sulta en l{\textquoteright}implantation de l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tablissement industriel anglais le plus ancien au Nouveau Monde. Cette communication vise donc {\`a} d{\'e}montrer le potentiel arch{\'e}ologique du poste de transformation des minerais construit sur l{\textquoteright}{\^\i}le Kodlunarn. Nous pr{\'e}sentons les r{\'e}sultats de la reconnaissance arch{\'e}ologique de l{\textquoteright}{\^\i}le Kodlunarn et des sondages pratiqu{\'e}s sur le fourneau d{\textquoteright}essai, la forge, la rampe de lancement des navires et de l{\textquoteright}analyse de la collecte de surface dans une zone d{\textquoteright}{\'e}rosion. Bien que tr{\'e}s pr{\'e}liminaires, les donn{\'e}es architecturales, les t{\'e}moins arch{\'e}ologiques et l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}om{\'e}trie apportent des {\'e}l{\'e}ments d{\textquoteright}explication {\`a} des questions d{\textquoteright}aspect technologique reli{\'e}es {\`a} l{\textquoteright}entreprise de Frobisher. Enfin, il est {\`a} noter que les probl{\'e}matiques de cette {\'e}tude n{\textquoteright}ont jamais {\'e}t{\'e} soulev{\'e}es dans les {\'e}tudes utilisant un cadre traditionel dans l{\textquoteright}analyse des documents historiques.}, author = {R. Auger} } @Conference Paper {10032, title = {THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF KODLUNARN ISLAND: MARTIN FROBISHER{\textquoteright}S BASE CAMP OF 1577-1578}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {Few European enterprises in the history of the New World discovery rival Martin Frobisher{\textquoteright}s (1576-1578) exploits in search of the Northwest Passage. For three summers Frobisher led expeditions into the Canadian Arctic, first seeking a route to Cathay and when that eluded him, mining tons of black ore for gold. Frobisher{\textquoteright}s mining enterprises resulted in the implantation of the earliest industrial English establishment in the New World. This presentation highlights the archaeological potentiel of Frobisher{\textquoteright}s base camp on Kodlunarn Island. It discusses the results of the 1990 survey of the Island, limited testing of the assay office, the smithy, the ship trench and the material recovered from the eroding bank in front of the site. This preliminary archaeological reconnaissance provides us with architectural, artifactual and archaeometric data which will help in answering a host of anthropological and historical questions related to technological aspects of the Frobisher endeavour and left unexplained in the previous literature.}, author = {R. Auger} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11122, title = {The Archaeology of French and Indian War Frontier Forts}, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {226-229}, editor = {John Triggs} } @Conference Paper {10040, title = {Archaeological Investigations of Cemeteries and Burial Sites: Heritage Mysteries Without Good Plots / Fouilles arch{\'e}ologiques dans les cimeti\&e}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {Cemeteries and burial sites are cultural features that transcend time and ethnicity. A community{\textquoteright}s regard for its dead members, revealed in the treatment of their remains, may be observed long after the persons and the community have ceased to exist. Individual resting places are not only sacred spaces, but often the only physical remains of a former community. Over the past decade, the Historic Resources Branch of Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Citizenship has examined a number of cemeteries and burial sites using an electromagnetic surveying technique. This non-obtrusive technology, generally implemented as a part of a heritage resource impact assessment, provides locational data for cemetery restoration projects and First Nations band councils who are developing land management procedures. This paper discusses the techniques, results and future of electromagnetic surveying in the context of historic archaeology.}, author = {Badertscher, Patricia M. and K. David McLeod} } @Conference Paper {10047, title = {AIRPORT IMPACT ARCHAEOLOGY IN NUNAVIK}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {Environmental impact studies engendered by the Northern Quebec Airports Improvement Project included the systematic archaeological inventory of the environs of 11 Inuit villages and the salvage excavation of sites threatened by project construction work. This field programme, carried out between 1984 and 1988, was planned and implemented through the collaboration of the Ministry of Transport of Quebec, the Avataq Cultural Institute and the local Inuit communities concerned. In all 233 sites were inventoried and four sites were salvage excavated. The organisation and results of these impact mitigation activities are described and the implications of the programme regarding the management of archaeological resources in Nunavik are discussed.}, author = {Badgley, Ian} } @Conference Paper {10051, title = {Archaeoentomological and Archaeoparasitological remains from the Hunt Site, Qu{\'e}bec City (1850-1900)}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {The latter of half of the nineteenth century was a period of many changes in the daily lives of city dwellers. For North Americans, health inspectors and permanent boards of health were instituted, and connections to water and sewer systems became widely available for the first time. The domestic sanitary movement, promoting cleanliness of the home and person as a means to be spared epidemic diseases such as smallpox and cholera, was also on the rise. Water and sewer connections combined with the promotion of personal, domestic, and municipal sanitation and hygiene should have improved life in urban centres, though the image of the nineteenth century city provided by documents and artifacts is just the opposite. Preserved insect and parasite remains were studied to elucidate further details about the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the Hunt Site in Qu{\'e}bec City between 1850-1900. The results, based on the study of a latrine system amongst other structures will be presented in this discussion.}, author = {Allison Bain} } @Conference Paper {10061, title = {The Arrowstone Quarry Site: A Major Quarry In The BC Southern Interior}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {The Arrowstone Quarry Site is a large prehistoric site recently recorded in the Arrowstone Hills of south central British Columbia. The site is located in mountainous hills near the town of Cache Creek, northeast of Vancouver. This is an important find and represents interest on a number of different levels. Extending over several kilometres of hillside area, the site displays a variety of resource extraction activities and appears to have been utilized over significant periods of time. The Arrowstone Quarry Site is described and compared to other known quarry sites found throughout North America. Artifacts of similar raw material are known from many sites found throughout the interior regions of British Columbia. This is an important source that had been, for many years, well known, but ironically it remained somewhat of a mystery since its location and nature remained unknown.}, author = {Bruce F. Ball} } @Conference Paper {10076, title = {Addressing Issues of Cultural Continuity on the Central Northwest Coast using Ancient Dogs and DNA}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {The distribution patterns of modern Aboriginal language families, combined with variations in the archaeological record, suggest a complex pattern of human migration and interaction along the Northwest Coast of North America before European contact. The spiritual connection between modern Aboriginal populations and their ancestors makes large-scale genetic analysis of ancient human remains inappropriate, but dogs may be useful as proxies of human population continuity over time because they are products of and participants in human cultures. This paper will present the results obtained from the extraction, amplification, and analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences from ancient Northwest Coast dogs. These data are used to try to elucidate patterns of genetic continuity/change over the course of 6000 years on the central Northwest Coast.}, author = {Jodi Lynn Barta} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9319, title = {The Archaeology of Consumer Culture}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, pages = {188-189}, editor = {Matthew A. Beaudoin} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9016, title = {American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeoecology of Beringia}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {314-317}, editor = {Alwynne B. Beaudoin} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9392, title = {Across a Great Divide: Continuity and Change in Native North American Societies, 1400{\textendash}1900}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {265-268}, editor = {Matthew A. Beaudoin} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9015, title = {Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {103-107}, editor = {Alwynne B. Beaudoin} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9057, title = {The Archaeology of Hybrid Material Culture}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {592-594}, editor = {Matthew A. Beaudoin} } @article {9489, title = {Attributing Cultural Affiliation to Sod Structures in Labrador: A Labrador M{\'e}tis Example from North River}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {148-173}, abstract = {

The Labrador landscape is littered with the remnants of sod structures that cannot be readily associated with a specific ethnic group because of the rapid adoption of this type of dwelling by Labrador Inuit, Europeans, and culturally-mixed families. Sod structures occupied by culturally-mixed families of Labrador Inuit and Europeans, which are today known as Labrador M{\'e}tis, have not been studied in detail. This paper outlines the excavation and analysis of one such structure: site FkBg\–24, a nineteenth-century Labrador M{\'e}tis sod structure. The results were compared with contemporaneous Labrador Inuit and European sites in order to assess distinguishing features of Labrador M{\'e}tis families and to formulate an initial archaeological definition that can be used to identify Labrador M{\'e}tis sod structures.

}, author = {Matthew A. Beaudoin and Richard L. Josephs and Lisa K. Rankin} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9444, title = {The Archaeology of Colonialism: Intimate Encounters and Sexual Effects}, volume = {37}, year = {2013}, pages = {168-171}, editor = {Kiara Beaulieu} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9309, title = {The Archaeology of Measurement: Comprehending Heaven, Earth and Time in Ancient Societies}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, pages = {190-193}, editor = {Kiara Beaulieu} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9382, title = {An Archaeology of Asian Transnationalism}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {595-597}, editor = {Kiara Beaulieu} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9368, title = {Archaeology in the Making: Conversations through a Discipline}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {329-332}, editor = {Kiara Beaulieu} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9120, title = {The Archaeology of Kinship: Advancing Interpretation and Contributions to Theory}, volume = {39}, year = {2015}, pages = {138-141}, editor = {Susan J. Beckwith} } @Conference Paper {10103, title = {The Archaeological Process in British Columbia: Help or Hindrance to First Nations?}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {In the last decade, Native communities have expressed dissatisfaction with the handling of native cultural heritage and archaeology in BC. In response, the Archaeology Branch, university researchers and consultants have taken steps to accommodate these concerns. This paper will examine some of the concerns as well as the measures taken by archaeologists and assess whether they align with native needs and perceptions. Based on this examination, some predictions for professional archaeology and First Nations are made.}, author = {BEDARD, Beth} } @Conference Paper {10114, title = {Arch{\'e}ologie ET conservation, une mission impossible?}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {D{\textquoteright}un point de vue strictement professionnel, la pratique de l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie diff{\'e}re sensiblement de celle de la restauration. Ces deux disciplines pr{\'e}sentent toutefois des analogies importantes, ainsi qu{\textquoteright}un d{\'e}nominateur commun: la culture mat{\'e}rielle mise au jour par l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologue. La perspective d{\textquoteright}examen de l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie et de la conservation-restauration n{\textquoteright}est pas la m{\^e}me. Pourtant l{\textquoteright}interaction qui peut en r{\'e}sulter est b{\'e}n{\'e}fique sous plusieurs aspects, surtout lorsque l{\textquoteright}on pense {\`a} la mise en valeur. M{\^e}me si la situation s{\textquoteright}est am{\'e}lior{\'e}e depuis 15 ans, il existe encore aujourd{\textquoteright}hui beaucoup de probl{\'e}mes {\`a} solutionner et de nombreuses zones grises. Cette communication tentera d{\textquoteright}effectuer un bilan de cette relation entre l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie et la conservation, avec quelques suggestions pour l{\textquoteright}approfondir et l{\textquoteright}am{\'e}liorer.}, author = {Bergeron, Andr{\'e}} } @Conference Paper {10128, title = {AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Archaeological Materials: Successes and Failures}, year = {1992}, address = {London}, abstract = {The small sample size of AMS radiocarbon dating has changed fundamentally the preferred archaeological material requirements. In addition to the charcoal, wood and large bone samples, commonly used for conventional radiocarbon dating by beta-ray counting, a large number of different materials such as steel, ivory, silk, small bone fragments, antlers, narwhal tusks, seeds, pine and spruce needles, food remains, mud brick and walls, egg shells, paper and parchment, ropes, copper tools, etc., are now commonly dated. A decade of experience bas shown that a careful selection of these materials on the basis of their archaeological use or function as well as the careful chemical extraction and purification of the appropriate fractions has improved the accuracy and reliability of the dating results and has solved archaeological problems which could not be solved by conventional radiocarbon dating. These successes and some of the spectacular failures have created new insights into the suitability of some materials and the limitations imposed by sample contamination.}, author = {Beukens, R.P.} } @Conference Paper {10127, title = {AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Ontario Cultural Materials}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {The opportunity of using small samples sizes and a variety of material types has improved the research opportunities for those investigators employing radiocarbon analyses as an aspect of their investigative programmes. The solutions to problems of chemistry are still of utmost importance to the reliability of the dating results. The final dendro-corrected result must also be seen in perspective as a probability statement. These issues are discussed within the framework of ISOTRACE results on a suite of samples from Ontario spanning the time range 7000 B.P. to A.D. 1650 and will examine radiocarbon results from the sites of Renshaw, Ball, Warminster, Ossossane, Mienburg, Kirch, Benson and others.}, author = {Beukens, R.P. and L. A. Pavlish and Farquhar, R. M.} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9302, title = {Archaeology, Society and Identity in Modern Japan}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {108-110}, editor = {Jennifer Birch} } @Conference Paper {10164, title = {{\`a} la red{\'e}couverte des paysages du pass{\'e} : cartographie des anciens lits de rivi{\'e}re, des chutes, des plages et des grottes}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Steve Blasco and Andrew Promaine and Jim Shearer and Mike Lewis and Bill Fox} } @Conference Paper {10166, title = {Access to Archaeology: The Ontario Archaeological Society{\textquoteright}s Education Resource Kits}, year = {1994}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {In 1991, the Ontario archaeological Society received an Access to Archaeology Programme grant from the Federal Department of Communications to develop a series of education resource kits for schools. A most positive and productive alliance between the Region of Peel Museum and the OAS resulted in a series of kits which feature an overview of Aboriginal prehistory and contact with Europeans, as understood from archaeological investigation. The kits are distributed to schools and other groups by participating local Ontario museums in partnership with the OAS. This paper will outline the various phases which led to the official launch of the {\textquoteright}Discovering Ontario Archaeology{\textquoteright} kit in 1992: design and assembly; promotion and administration; and distribution and maintenance. A {\textquoteright}DOA{\textquoteright} kit, complete with reproduction artifacts, cultural booklets, teachers{\textquoteright} directory, activity sheets and lesson plans will be available for examination during the duration of the CAA annual meeting.}, author = {Blaubergs, Ellen} } @Conference Paper {10171, title = {Armageddon in zooarchaeology, I: taphonomy}, year = {1981}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {Zooarchaeologists are now focusing part of their research interests toward recognizing variations in patterns of bone distribution and morphology in both natural and cultural deposits. Field observations and experimental studies are widely used by researchers to identify those factors which variably affect recoverable skeletal remains and to recognize those similarities and differences which are manifest in the bone remains themselves. In this study we introduce the need for establishing a rigorous quantitative approach to taphonomic studies by examining variations in attritional states of a single element. Qualitative and quantitative characterizations of a sample of scapulae from Banks Island, N.W.T. form an explanatory base. Results of this study are discussed in terms of existing accomplishments in taphonomy and purported goals of the discipline.}, author = {Bobrowsky, P. and J. Curtin} } @Conference Paper {10173, title = {Arch{\'e}ologie du sous-sol : La cave {\`a} charbon et {\`a} vins de la maison Lougheed de Calgary}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Boland, Dale Elizabeth} } @Conference Paper {10182, title = {Archaeology by Prescription: Ensuring the Protection of Cultural Resources through Forest Management Planning}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {The protection of known cultural values poses few problems in forest management planning. Known sites are easy to protect because once they are located, they tend not to move around too much. As long as the location of the value can be placed on a map, an appropriate reserve can be identified to ensure its protection. Difficulties arise when protecting presumed values; that is, values predicted to exist through modelling efforts, but for which no physical evidence has been verified and no exact locations identified. Current archaeological predictive models applied in Ontario can result in up to 18\% of a forest management unit as high archaeological potential, which in some cases can equal more than 150,000 hectares of unverified cultural value. This paper will introduce a discussion of methods for protecting cultural values which may not necessarily require complete avoidance of the value by the forest industry. It also discusses a range of cultural values currently being protected in Ontario, including the protection of social values as perceived and identified by native communities. Finally, this paper will discuss how it is imperative that all this information must be packaged in a manner that can be understood and implemented by forest planners, and in a language and format compatible with forest planning terminology and scheduling.}, author = {Luke DALLA BONA} } @Conference Paper {10181, title = {Applying Predictive Models to 45 Million Hectares of Ontario}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) identifies and protects cultural resources through the forest management planning process. The problem that presents itself to cultural resource managers in northern Ontario, as well as much of the rest of the Canadian boreal forest, is one where the resources are known to exist, but their exact locations are unknown. So how does one manage a resource that we know exists but we don{\textquoteright}t know where it is? In the late 1980s, MNR identified archaeological predictive modelling as a means of addressing this situation and, given available knowledge, providing the best statement regarding the likelihood of archaeological resource existence. The MNR sponsored three years of research and development that led to a first generation predictive model. This was followed by three years of pilot projects which served to expand the applied base of the model from the original research and development area in northwestern Ontario and also to develop various means by which existing Ontario government digital databases can be incorporated into the archaeological predictive modelling process. The MNR is now at a stage where it is ready to employ archaeological predictive models as a cultural resource management tool in all new forest management plans - an area encompassing 45 million hectares of forested land.}, author = {Luke DALLA BONA} } @Conference Paper {10175, title = {Addressing Archaeological Predictive Modelling / Les mod{\'e}les de pr{\'e}vision arch{\'e}ologique}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {In February 1997, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) hosted a workshop that brought together a diverse group of archaeologists and professionals. The focus of this workshop was the use of predictive modelling as a resource management tool and the most appropriate way in which that tool could be used in a boreal forest environment. Discussions were topic specific and did not focus on the use of a specific computer technology. Although it was clear that GIS is an important tool for conducting predictive modelling, discussions did not focus on that technology. Rather discussions and presentations focussed on modelling issues. The technology was secondary. The result of this workshop was not a series of papers that trumpeted one{\textquoteright}s mastery of a particular analytical module in a specific GIS package. Rather it was about addressing archaeological predictive modelling: the types of data one should consider; the means by which one could verify a model (statistical as well as survey approaches); incorporating non-geographical data into models (social data); and the means by which one can take a model and apply it to the real world. GIS and technology figure into it, but are not the focus of it. This paper will summarize the results of that workshop and put it into the context of the MNR{\textquoteright}s archaeological predictive modelling program.}, author = {Luke DALLA BONA} } @article {11040, title = {The Archaeological Legacy of Dr. Edward Van Cortlandt}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {39}, year = {2015}, pages = {294-326}, abstract = {

The discovery of unambiguous evidence identifying the location of an ancient aboriginal burial ground on the shore of the Ottawa River in the core of Canada{\textquoteright}s capital region has opened important new lines of inquiry relevant to the origins of Canadian archaeology, the formation of the country{\textquoteright}s first museums and the role played by the Ottawa physician and antiquarian Dr.\ Edward Van Cortlandt in the early investigation and exhibition of Canada{\textquoteright}s prehistoric past.

}, author = {Randy Boswell and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Conference Paper {10192, title = {The Anthropology of Underwater Archaeological Sites}, year = {1989}, address = {Fredericton}, abstract = {The study of culture through the study of archaeological materials must be the goal of underwater archaeology as it is in terrestrial archaeology. This paper sets forth a taxonomic system for underwater sites based on cultural activities related to these sites{\textquoteright} creation. The system, therefore, presupposes a goal beyond the study of artifacts in isolation from the culture which produced them.}, author = {Botwick, Brad and Gary BREWER} } @Conference Paper {10209, title = {Archaeological Investigations on the Dawson and Klondike City Hillsides}, year = {1999}, address = {Whitehorse, Yukon}, abstract = {Typical of late 19th century mining camps, the population of Dawson City during the boom years contained a relatively large group of transients. Natural constraints on the limits of the townsite, and the high demand for land as the stampeders arrived, resulted in the occupation of the steep hillsides along the eastern margin of Dawson and the southern edge of Klondike City. Previous archaeological research by Parks Canada archaeologists on the Dawson hillside, suggests that these areas were inhabited by transients, who came seeking a fortune to return home to a better life. This paper presents the results of the 1998 season of the Dawson City Hillside Archaeology Project, which recorded structure platforms and surface artifacts on the Klondike City hillside and portions of the Dawson City hillside. This research provides insights into the lives of the transient people who lived there and the means by which they interacted with the rest of the community.}, author = {BRAND, Michael J.} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9276, title = {The Arctic Voyages of Martin Frobisher: An Elizabethan Adventure}, volume = {26}, year = {2002}, pages = {213-216}, editor = {Michael Brand} } @Conference Paper {10217, title = {Archaeological Investigations at a Prehistoric Village Site on Drummond Island Michigan}, year = {1994}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {During the summers of 1991 and 1992, field crews from the Michigan Sate University Department of Anthropology conducted excavations at the Cloudman site on Drummond Island, located in the St. Mary{\textquoteright}s River Valley of Michigan{\textquoteright}s eastern Upper Peninsula. Excavations revealed that the site contained occupationally stratified deposits dating from the Middle Woodland, Late Woodland, and protohistoric/contact periods. Analysis of the ceramic assemblage indicates strong connections with other Michigan and Ontario groups. The location of the Cloudman site along the boundary between major eastem and western cultural traditions underscores its importance for understanding prehistoric social and cultural dynamics in this region of the Upper Great Lakes.}, author = {BRANTSNER, Christine N.} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9030, title = {Ancient Nomads of the Eurasian and North American Grasslands}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {110-111}, editor = {Jack Brink} } @Conference Paper {10228, title = {Archaeology and Pedology at the Smoky Site, Alberta}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {This paper deals with several types of analyses undertaken at an archaeological site in the eastern slopes near Grande Cache, Alberta. The aeolian soil is examined in terms of particle size, and rates of deposition and/or erosion as suggested by radiocarbon ages. The methods and results of two experiments are presented: one dealing with paleo-magnetic sampling and analysis; the second with measuring the processes and effects of frost heaving. The applicability of these tests at other sites is discussed.}, author = {Brink, J.W.} } @Conference Paper {10227, title = {Assessing Rock Art Erosion with Portable Laser Scanners}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park (WOSPP), in southern Alberta, is home to a large collection of Aboriginal rock art images. Numerous erosional forces are destroying the images. However, recent research indicates that some forms of rock art weathering can be delayed through implementation of both passive and active conservation treatments. Implementing these treatments raised the issue of how to asses their effectiveness. Portable laser scanning offers promise, not just for detailed recording of rock art, but also for charting the progress of conservation experiments. This paper describes conservation methods at WOSPP and reports on two laser scanning episodes, spaced over 27 months. Comparison of the two scans suggests that erosion is taking place on short time intervals, and that greater weathering is occurring on the surface not treated with chemical consolidants. While all rock art will ultimately disappear, there is hope for extending the life of select images.}, author = {Jack Brink} } @Conference Paper {10225, title = {Another Look At Bison Bones From The Wardell Site}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {Excavations at both the kill and associated processing areas of the Wardell site afford an opportunity to chart the decision making processes of initial and secondary bison butchering. Comparison of skeletal elements between kill and butcher site reveal patterns apparently related to maximizing the recovery of marrow and grease. Broken and complete leg bone frequencies at the kill are predicted by marrow content, while grease content predicts leg bone counts at the processing area. Combined marrow and grease value of elements is seen to predict removal and destruction of bones from the kill and camp areas.}, author = {Jack Brink} } @Conference Paper {10239, title = {The Application of Palaeoenvironmental Methodologies to the Analysis of Coastal Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways: Evidence from the Severn Estuary, Southwest}, year = {2006}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {Methods of palaeoenvironmental analysis (e.g., pollen, plant macrofossils and charcoal) play an increasingly central role in investigations of hunter-gatherer lifeways in the British Isles (10,000-4,000 cal BC). This presentation examines the results of the application of these methodologies to late Mesolithic hunter-gatherer sites (c. 6500-4000 cal BC) within the coastal zone of the Severn Estuary, southwest Britain, and their potential application to other geographical areas of study. Research in the Severn Estuary involved the excavation and investigation of stratified occupation contexts, many waterlogged or sealed by peat, in addition to analysis of off-site environmental sequences. Analytical techniques included high resolution pollen, plant macrofossil and quantified charcoal analysis. Marked charcoal horizons were identified from all the sites investigated, some suggesting distinct phases of anthropogenic activity involving the disturbance and manipulation of a range of vegetation environments from reedswamp to woodland edge. Charred seeds from occupation contexts, in cases associated with chipped stone and pollen evidence for small-scale woodland clearances, suggest that hunter-gatherers were managing seasonally available wild resources growing along the coastal woodland edge. The ubiquitous presence of charcoal in sedimentary sequences, sometimes occurring over several hundred years, is argued to reflect the deliberate management of the landscape by hunter-gatherers, either to promote the increased growth and productivity of a range of edible plants, and/or to provide improved graze for ungulate herbivores upon which humans could predate. This viewpoint is supported by ethnohistorical accounts of the role and use of fire in recent aboriginal populations, most notable the pre-Colonial Indians of the Pacific northwest coast of America (Boyd 1999a, 1999b; Turner 1999), the Atlantic coast of New England (Cronon 1983) and Australia (Flood 1983; Bickford and Gell 2005), suggesting that postglacial hunter-gatherers had a significant and sustained impact on the landscape. The application of palaeoenvironmental analyses has proven highly successful in furthering our understanding of Mesolithic lifeways in Britain, in particular, concerning patterns of seasonality, subsistence and settlement. This paper provides an opportunity to explore the applicability of these methodologies to other geographical areas where there is abundant archaeological evidence for hunter-gatherer activities (e.g., continental northwest Europe and northwest America), but where the potential of these methodologies may not yet have been explored or perhaps fully realised.}, author = {Brown, Alex} } @article {9505, title = {Accelerator 14C Dating of the Taber Child}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {233-237}, abstract = {

The \&$\#$39;Taber Child\&$\#$39;, a fragmentary human infant skeleton found near Taber, Alberta in 1961, has been dated by tandem accelerator measurement of the radiocarbon content of collagenous residue obtained from 1.6 g of bone. Special care was taken to ensure removal of preservatives applied to the specimen in past years. An age of 3550\± 500 radiocarbon years, equivalent to 4100\± 750 calendar years before present, was found.

}, author = {R.M. Brown and H.R. Andrews and G.C. Ball and N. Burn and Y. Imahori and J.C.D. Milton} } @Conference Paper {10247, title = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Ceramics in the Upper Hudson River Drainage}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {What initially appeared to be anomalous 14C and TL dates from two sites in the Upper Hudson River drainage are re-evaluated. Both Waterford and Winney{\textquoteright}s Rift, located within the lands occupied by Algonquian-speakers at the time of contact, produced assemblages of late Middle Woodland to early Late Woodland ceramics in association with dates contemporaneous with Late Owasco developments elsewhere. Subsequent changes in material culture demonstrate that the Upper Hudson peoples slowly adopted later Owasco and Iroquoian ceramic style and technology. It is suggested that these changes were concomitant with the diffusion of corn horticulture from Iroquoian-speakers to the west and south.}, author = {Brumbach, Hetty Jo} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9042, title = {Approaches to Algonquian Archaeology: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference}, volume = {8}, year = {1984}, pages = {183-185}, editor = {A.P. Buchner} } @article {9508, title = {An Alternative Model for First Nations Involvement in Resource Management Archaeology}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {20-45}, abstract = {

The Wet\’suwet\’en are currently struggling to affirm their Aboriginal and territorial rights through the British Columbia treaty process. While this process continues, resource extraction activities remove large volumes of culturally important resources. At present, very few areas of the their territory have not been impacted by logging or mining development. Understandably, the Wet\’suwet\’en feel a sense of urgency regarding the conservation and protection of their natural and cultural resources. This paper examines how the Wet\’suwet\’en adapted the existing archaeological process within the resource management industry to better reflect their vision and cultural values. The creation of non-legislated policy and protocol agreements with various industry and government entities, combined with the Wet\’suwet\’en Territorial Stewardship Plan (WTSP), has allowed this First Nation to centrally position themselves in the archaeological process, which did not adequately address their needs. The primary result has been greater Wet\’suwet\’en involvement in decisions made regarding the management of their cultural resources.

}, author = {Rick Budhwa} } @Conference Paper {10262, title = {An Alternate Model for First Nations Involvement in Resource Management Archaeology}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {The Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en are currently struggling to affirm and clarify their aboriginal and territorial rights through the BC Treaty process. While this process has continued, resource extraction activities have continued to remove large volumes of economically and culturally important resources. At present, there are very few areas of Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en territory that have not been impacted by logging or mining development. Processes have been established which are intended to assist the Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en in protecting their cultural heritage resources and providing input into land use planning processes. However, despite these efforts, inadequate funding and increasingly {\textquoteright}streamlined{\textquoteright} regulatory controls have eroded the ability of the Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en to influence the management of natural resources or the protection of cultural heritage features in a manner that reflects the Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en vision and supports cultural survival.As a result, the Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en have taken a proactive approach to managing archaeological concerns within their traditional territory. Using accumulated cultural heritage and traditional knowledge information, a new methodology for how archaeology is conducted has been developed. The Wet{\textquoteright}suwet{\textquoteright}en are now an {\textquoteright}active partner{\textquoteright} with the proponent for all archaeological investigation within their territory. While this {\textquoteright}model{\textquoteright} assumes a certain level of capacity on behalf of the First Nation, elements can certainly be adopted by other Nations that will allow them to have greater involvement and influence over cultural heritage resource management decisions made regarding their traditional landscape.}, author = {Rick Budhwa} } @Conference Paper {10263, title = {Archaeological Survey in the Heart of the Pediada: The Galatas Survey Project, Crete, 2005-2007}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {At the beginning of the MM IIIB period a new palace was founded on the Galatas Kephala in the central Pediada, on Crete. Among Minoan palaces Galatas is exceptional because it was abruptly constructed by Knossian architects in an area that had no previous palatial organization.}, author = {D. Matthew Buell} } @Conference Paper {10264, title = {The Archaeology of Brick Manufacture in Rural Saskatchewan / L{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie de la briqueterie dans la Saskatchewan rurale}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {Coincidental with the opening of the Canadian prairie to European based agriculture in the late 1800s was development of commercial brickmaking to support construction of the infrastructure associated with the pioneering agriculture. The industry that arose to support this demand was borne from the same rich soil that supported agriculture, and for most of a century thrived as a small but viable activity. In Saskatchewan brick manufacture had a decidedly rural flavour, with both the early small endeavors and later, large scale operations being located near their respective clay sources in the countryside. This paper will present recent research on the history of this industry and its economic and technological impacts on rural Saskatchewan, as witnessed through archaeological and documentary examination of the brick plant sites and adjacent communities, including interviews with former plant workers.}, author = {BUHR, Larry} } @article {9511, title = {Archaeological Survey in Eastern Guadalajara Province, Spain: Initial Results}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {37}, year = {2013}, pages = {048-069}, abstract = {

The Palaeolithic record of the interior of the Iberian Peninsula, the central Meseta, is still relatively poorly documented. In this article we report the results of a preliminary, stratified survey conducted in the eastern part of the province of Guadalajara during 2009 and 2010. The survey enabled us to identify a series of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites in an area where no previously recorded Palaeolithic sites exist. These results, in turn, are used to propose a predictive model of archaeological potential that will guide further surveys in the target region.

}, author = {Burke, A. and J. Ma{\'\i}llo Fern{\'a}ndez and N. Fuertes Prieto and M. Bisson and P.~James and G. Levavasseur} } @Conference Paper {10282, title = {Assessing Seasonal Mobility in Human Populations and their Prey during the Upper Palaeolithic in Southwestern France}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {This paper will examine current models of hunter/ gatherer settlement organisation for the Upper Palaeolithic in Southwestern France. Skelettochronological data and other seasonal indicators from a regional sample of Pleniglacial sites in the Aquitaine Basin will be used to assess the validity of the proposed models in this region. The mobility of human populations will be examined relative to the season movements of important prey species such as Rangifer tarandus, and Equus caballus. Human hunting strategies will also be examined relative to the known behaviour (ethology) of principal prey.}, author = {Burke, Ariane M.} } @Conference Paper {10279, title = {The Archaeology of a Portage Route The T{\'e}miscouata Project}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {For the past three years, the University of Montreal has carried out archaeological research in the T{\'e}miscouata region of eastern Quebec. This region is characterized by a network of lakes and rivers which connect the upper St. John drainage to the St. Lawrence River. The area. appears to be intermittently occupied from the Late Archaic to the contact period. Over 50 sites have been found here since 1964, including two chert quarries and several lithic workshops. This paper will outline our current research on lithic procurement strategies, regional settlement patterns, and cultural identity of the Middle to Late Woodland occupants.}, author = {Burke, Adrian and Eric Chalifoux} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9043, title = {Archaeological Chemistry (2nd Edition)}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {119-121}, editor = {Adrian L. Burke} } @Conference Paper {10278, title = {Archaeological Research at The Fortress of Louisbourg NHS}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {This paper will present the results of a six-year archaeology project designed to record cultural resources in the installation corridors for new underground services at the Fortress of Louisbourg National Historic Site of Canada. Besides requiring extensive archaeological research, mitigation, and salvage, the project permitted us to reevaluate past excavation, identify undisturbed areas, and for streets, to undertake a systematic approach to the recovery of cultural remains. Although more than a quarter of the original French townsite is excavated, serious information gaps remain. Throughout the 1960s and 70s archaeology focussed on the recovery of structural data for the reconstruction program with yards and streets frequently unexcavated. Over the past six years, archaeology has provided significant new information (and 150,000 artifacts) about the 18th century town and its suburbs. In particular, three seasons devoted to the excavation of Louisbourg{\textquoteright}s principal streets provide an opportunity to analyse street features like pav{\'e} and drainage systems in a broader context than before. Most important, the use of digital technology and GIS allows us to create seamless and accurate mosaics of archaeological features excavated and removed over several years.}, author = {Burke, Charles} } @Conference Paper {10277, title = {Archetypal Seascapes and Landscapes: Coast and Interior in the Archaeology of the Maritime Peninsula}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {Archaeological research in the Maritime Peninsula continues to grapple with the issue of coastal and interior occupations, particularly in terms of how these articulate with each other. This paper discusses the concept of coastal and interior adapted groups during the Ceramic period (ca. 3000 BP to 400 BP) by looking at how it is presented in the oral histories of the Native peoples of the region, 17th century ethnohistoric documents, 19th century nature writing, 20th century ethnographies, and current ecological and archaeological data. The idea of archetypal seascapes or landscapes is explored as a possible key to our understanding of this coast-interior concept and its use in archaeological interpretation.}, author = {Adrian L. Burke} } @Conference Paper {10290, title = {Archaeology of the Petit Nord; Learning from People along the Northeast Coast of Newfoundland}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {The main goal of the Archaeology of the Petit Nord project is to record the maritime cultural landscape of the French seasonal fishery in the Petit Nord region of Newfoundland, between 1504 and 1904. For my MA project I looked at a specific kind of feature {\textendash}crosses and calvaires, which appeared in the Petit Nord landscape as early as 1680. Three monumental crosses are still standing in Carouge Bay, although these particular crosses were rebuilt by the French navy in the 1930s. During the summer of 2007, I conducted community archaeology at Dos-de-Cheval site (EfAx-09) to document those features. The French Shore Historical Society based in Conche was incredibly helpful throughout the project, and put me in touch with community members to interview regarding these features. This presentation will focus on the difficulties I faced as a young francophone woman trying to get information from older English residents of the Conche Peninsula about something they know but do not consider as part of their own culture.}, author = {M{\'e}lissa Burns} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11947, title = {The Ancient State of Puyo in Northeast Asia: Archeology and Historical Memory}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {301-303}, editor = {Maksim Stoyakin} } @Conference Paper {10301, title = {The Archaeological Survey of Alberta}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {With the passage of the Alberta Heritage Act 1973, the province of Alberta changed from a province with little or no legislation relevant to archaeological resource management to one with a modern integrated legislative package concerned not only with archaeological protection but also with the promotion of archaeological investigation and documentation. This legislation has, in the intervening two years, been supplemented by amendments to the original Act which have served to strengthen its authority, and by the establishment of a provincial agency designed specifically to implement the provisions of the Act as they pertain to archaeology. At this time it is possible to review the activities of the Survey in its first two years, and to predict future activities and developments.}, author = {William J. Byrne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9049, title = {The Archaeology of the Caribbean}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {122-125}, editor = {Richard T. Callaghan} } @Conference Paper {10312, title = {Archeology in a Region of Spodosols}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {Most archeologists have bandied about the adage that there were few organic remains excavated from the site, due to the acidic pH of the soil. Are archaeological materials impacted by the actual acidity, or by soil forming factors? In the Northeastem United States (especially Maine) and in the Maritime Peninsula of Canada, pedogenic conditions foster the formation of Spodosols (one of 10 USDA soil orders). Other soils in the Northeast and the Maritime Peninsula, such as Entisols, and Inceptisols, exhibit incipient spodic processes. How does archaeology in a region of Spodosols differ from other areas? This paper reviews the geographic occurrence of Spodosols, similar taxonomic groups in other pedologic classification systems, and the processes that characterize Spodosols. The geochemical processes creating Spodosols are of special interest to archeologists. Geoarcheological sampling protocols for these sites must recognize dominant pedologic conditions. These geochemical conditions change the nature of the cultural material record, affect the anthropogenic signature, and often transforin site cultural features. Two sites in Maine, the coastal Nahanada site, and the riparian Eddington Bend site will be utilized as examples of geoarchaeological sampling design and the problems facing interpretation of the resultant archaeological record after long-term spodic effects have impacted the cultural material record.}, author = {Callum, Kathleen} } @Conference Paper {10315, title = {Analyse des fossiles directeurs retrouv{\'e}s au cours des travaux de prolongement de l{\textquoteright}autoroute 63}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Courtney Cameron and Sandra Pentney} } @Conference Paper {10313, title = {Anthrosols de deux fermes scandinaves}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Courtney Cameron} } @article {9560, title = {Archaeology{\textquoteright}s Public: A Perspective From Two Canadian Museums}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {20}, year = {1996}, pages = {029-038}, abstract = {

Museum visitor surveys show that the audience for archaeological exhibits represents only a very small, highly-educated segment of the general population. Women and residents of foreign countries are shown to have a particular interest in local prehistory exhibits at the Royal Ontario Museum. Visitor comments and viewing behaviour at the ROM and the UBC Museum of Anthropology suggest a desire for greater contextualization of the lives of past peoples and more points of connection between past and present everyday experience. These results are used to suggest ways that archaeologists might expand and better serve the interests ofthe consuming public.

}, author = {Debbi Cannon and Aubrey Cannon} } @Conference Paper {10332, title = {Ancient DNA Insight into the Namu Salmon Fishery: Implications for Storage, Sedentism, and Archaeological History}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {Results of ancient DNA analysis of salmon vertebrae from Namu show consistent use of a wide range of species and particular emphasis on those species, pink and chum, that are most suited for long-term storage. The consistent emphasis on readily stored species and the multi-seasonality of salmon fishing and other subsistence activities indicate that Namu was a sedentary, storage-based settlement from as early as 5000 BC. With the exception of a sharply lower numbers of pink salmon in the period ca. 2000 BC-AD 500, the species profile of the fishery is consistent throughout the past 7000 years. This shortfall in pink salmon may have been the key factor responsible for periodic food shortage and long-term contraction of the settlement at this time.}, author = {Aubrey Cannon and Dongya Y. Yang} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9056, title = {Ancient Jomon of Japan}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {293-295}, editor = {Aubrey Cannon} } @Conference Paper {10346, title = {ART AND SOCIETY ON THE NORTHWEST COAST}, year = {1996}, address = {Halifax}, abstract = {Northwest Coast Native art has usually been studied in relation to its role in social interaction involving rank, prestige and elitism. However, close examination of Northwest Coast ethnography and of the content and context of prehistoric Northwest Coast art indicates that there is an underlying spiritual dimension to the art tradition and that this dimension was the likely catalyst for the development of the art tradition in its early stages. In this paper the archaeological evidence from the excavations at the Pender Canal site and a summary of the ethnographic data relevant to this proposition are presented.}, author = {CARLSON, Roy} } @Conference Paper {10339, title = {AMS Dating of Late Pleistocene Salmonids from Kamloops Lake, British Columbia / Datation par la technique SMA de salmonid{\'e}s du pl{\'e}istoc\&}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {Late Pleistocene age determinations on salmon bones from a geological site on Kamloops Lake, British Columbia are discussed. AMS radiocarbon dates ranging between 18,100 and 15,500 B.P. are problematic for current ice cover models in the southern interior Plateau. Implications for environmental reconstruction, salmon zoogeography, and archaeology are presented.}, author = {Catherine C. Carlson and KLEIN, Ken E.} } @Conference Paper {10352, title = {The Allandale Site:A Uren Period Special Purpose Site in Simcoe County}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {This paper will describe the results of mitigative excavations at the late 13th Century Allandale Site (BcGw-69) in Barrie, Ontario. Although much of the site has been destroyed through construction and reconstruction of the Allandale Train Station over the past 150 years, a large midden remained in tact. Ceramic recoveries from the site include 92 ceramic vessels and an enormous quantity of fish bone, mammal and bird bone. Despite the lack of settlement pattern data, the faunal assemblage and physical situation of the site on the shores of Lake Simcoe argue for its use as a seasonal procurement location.}, author = {Carscallen, Charlton} } @Conference Paper {10354, title = {Archaeological Investigations and Analysis of the Cumberland House I (or Old Cumberland House) (1774-1794) Recoveries / Fouilles {\`a} la Cumberlan}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {As trading relations between the Hudson{\textquoteright}s Bay and Northwest Companies began to intensify, a number of explorers were dispatched to the western regions of Canada for the purpose of establishing posts and securing trade relations with native populations in the surrounding areas. In 1774, Samuel Hearne founded the first Hudson{\textquoteright}s Bay Company inland trading post, Cumberland House I (or old Cumberland House) along the southern shore of Cumberland Lake. In 1790 construction began on Cumberland House II (or New Cumberland House) 1.5 km northwest of the old site and by 1794 Old Cumberland House was abandoned and operations were moved to the new location. Three field seasons of excavation, in the summers of 1991, 1992 and 1994, were carried out at the Old Cumberland House site under the supervision of Dr. David Meyer and Jill Musser from the University of Saskatchewan. This presentation deals with the subject of those investigations and subsequent analysis of the Old Cumberland House archaeological collection.}, author = {CARSON, Laurie} } @Conference Paper {10355, title = {AN ANALYSIS OF A SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY BLACKSMITH SHOP AT FERRYLAND, NEWFOUNDLAND}, year = {1996}, address = {Halifax}, abstract = {During the summer of 1994 a Memorial University field crew completed the excavation of a smithy in an area of Ferryland commonly referred to as {\textquoteright}The Pool.{\textquoteright} The excavations revealed a forge of stone construction, measuring approximately 1.2 by 1.8 metres, as well as other structural evidence and an immense amount of iron and slag. The smithy was in a remarkable state of preservation, enabling archaeologists to retrieve a vast amount of information. This paper will discuss dating of the forge and the layout of the smithy. Various types of artifacts will be described to help determine what types of items were being manufactured and repaired by the Ferryland smiths.}, author = {CARTER, Matthew} } @Conference Paper {10376, title = {Archaeology in British Columbia: Problems in Procedures, Methods and Goals}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {A natural gas pipeline proposal in the summer of 1974 marked the first time in a pipeline situation that archaeological values were fully addressed and considered as a separate component of the overall environmental assessment impact study. Experience on this project and others has led to a fuller understanding of the role of archaeology in pipeline and other transportation corridor situations. This paper summarizes those experiences and suggests alternative research strategies based upon a {\textquoteright}site avoidance{\textquoteright} or {\textquoteright}preventative archaeology{\textquoteright} philosophy. Problems concerned with description and evaluation of archaeology sites and mitigation procedures are also discussed.}, author = {A. Charlton} } @Conference Paper {10385, title = {Artifacts of History, Promise or Dilettantism}, year = {1969}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {The development of artifact processing and research laboratories for the National Historic Sites Service, Ottawa, began with a policy of self-developed expertise based on the apparent shortage of qualified personnel for dealing with much of the portable material recovered from sites dating primarily from the 17th through the 19th centuries. Such a self-developmental approach requires a great deal of time and is thereby in conflict with the extant backlog of unanalyzed material. Nevertheless it would now appear to be meeting with some success in setting manageable standards of description and in supporting the Service{\textquoteright}s archaeologists. The future of this work lies with increasingly sophisticated analytical techniques coupled with much-needed field and documentary research.}, author = {Chism, James V.} } @Conference Paper {10382, title = {Archaeological and Historical Research at Waskaganish: Canadas First English Colonial Settlement}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {In 1668, a New England sea captain, accompanied by a renegade Frenchman, sponsored by wealthy Englishmen and following the advise of an anonymous Cree hunter, sailed into the mouth of Prince Ruperts River. There on a sandy terrace known to the Cree as Kaaneyaauhkaaw, they estabhshed what was to become the first English colonial settlement in Canada: Charles Fort. After a long history as Cree summer gathering place, BBC fur trading settlement, export site for medicinal plants, centre for mineral prospection, military outpost, HBC provisioning post, First Nations refugium, unmanned French outpost and HBC district depot, it has become the Cree community of Waskaganish. This major site on the eastcoast of James Bay has been quietly undergoing documentary research and small-scale testing since 1987.}, author = {Chism, James V.} } @Conference Paper {10390, title = {Applied Archaeology in the Kootenay Region, British Columbia}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {The upper Columbia drainage is characterized by great topographic and biotic diversity and has seen significant changes in hydrology and ecology since deglaciation. The conventional cultural historic interpretive framework of phases based on diagnostic formed tools has not been useful in revealing the complexity of past human activities in the region because of the relatively ephemeral nature of most archaeological sites and the resultant small samples. A different approach has been developed to allow the data from this unique bioregion speak for itself. Emphasis has been placed on the palaeoenvironmental context of archaeological remains, especially site geomorphology and stratigraphy while lithic typology and technological attributes have been accorded primary analytic status. Data synthesis utilizes a systemic framework of archaeological trait {\textquoteright}complexes{\textquoteright} of settlement pattern (represented by landform, palaeohydrology and soil/sediment association), lithic material preference, lithic technology, subsistence base, features and tool function. Ten such complexes have been defined so far spanning the entire postglacial period. These complexes are interpreted as models of past human land and resource use from which hypotheses pertaining to past human activities can be drawn to predict site distributions and contents. In the context of cultural resource management, these models and hypotheses have been operationalized as air photo-mapped GIS-based polygons of archaeological potential that identify locations to be avoided by land-altering development or where archaeological impact assessments would be required. Results of AIAs serve to test the models and hypotheses via attributes recorded in the database associated with each polygon. In addition to allowing for scientific archaeological research to be carried out within the context of CRM, this approach reveals much about the evolution of the region{\textquoteright}s landscape and ecology that is of considerable importance in sustainable land and resource management. Examples include terrain stability and floodplain hazard assessment, wildlife population dynamics and range extensions, and the nature of certain plant communities with regard to conservation and revegetation.}, author = {Wayne Choquette} } @Conference Paper {10389, title = {Applications of a Systemic Approach to Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {Combining palaeoecology with systems theory has proved to be a productive approach to understanding the archaeology of the upper Columbia River drainage area. The traditional unilinear paradigm based on diagnostic artifacts has not been very useful in dealing with the small scattered assemblages that are most typical of this region. It is argued that the systemic approach also yields more relevant information with broader applications to present-day concerns.}, author = {Wayne Choquette} } @Conference Paper {10396, title = {Archaeological Management by the Council of the Haida Nation}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {We present a summary of what the Council of the Haida Nation has done to protect our Archaeological sites in the forest, the role of Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management and Ministry of Forests in protection of those sites. The Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management has noted to us that they lack the funds to consult with us on site, we present why this is unacceptable on the basis of:1. The Archaeological Forest Buffers for sites are one of the key points of our Archaeology Policies,2. Protection of sites as living evidence of the ancestors{\textquoteright} use and occupancy of the land. To be able to walk where the ancestors walked and to experience the forest in a similar way as pre-contact people who acknowledged the spirit of the forest in everything they did there. These people are called the forest people; we give references to them from Haida stories,3. We give example of Timber Licensees who prefer to work against the First Nations rather than with us towards common goals and the result of,4. Recent Timber Farm License 39 Appeal ruling, which will help on the protection of cultural values in forests.How do we overcome licensees who refuse to work with us in a positive way, to protect our sites?}, author = {Church, Karen and Captain Gold} } @inbook {11012, title = {Appendix I: NOGAP AMS Dates}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 1}, volume = {1}, year = {1991}, pages = {149-154}, author = {Compiled By Jacques Cinq-Mars}, editor = {Jacques Cinq-Mars and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Symposium Papers {10956, title = {The Athabaskan-Eskimo Interface}, volume = {2}, year = {1970}, pages = {013-023}, author = {A.~McFadyen~Clark} } @Conference Paper {10409, title = {After British Mountain: An Appreciation of the Engigstciak Site}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Although the Engigstciak site of northernmost Yukon territory, excavated 20 years ago, is best known for its purported early British Mountain phase, other collections from the site, particularly the Arctic Small Tool tradition and paleo-Eskimo components, which never have been fully described, potentially are among the most significant material recovered from the North American Arctic. Geographic parameters, together with the known early distribution of Eskimos, place this site at a determining position in a corridor between Alaska and the remainder of the Arctic area. In contrast to regions farther west and east, this corridor is an area of little latitudinal (insular-coastal-inland) depth possessing compressed ecological zones. Thus, it is aptly suited for examination under a migration hypothesis. The present paper is a progress report on a re-examination of collections from the Engigstciak site.}, author = {Donald W. Clark} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9111, title = {Archaeology on the Alaska Peninsula: The Coast of Shelikof Strait, 1963{\textendash}1965 (Clark); Archaeology on the Alaska Peninsula: The Ugashik Drainage, 1973{\textendash}1975 (Henn); and Archaeology on the Alaska Peninsula: The Naknek Region, 1960{\textendash}1975}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {093-104}, editor = {Donald W. Clark} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9391, title = {Archaeological Ethics (2nd edition) (Karen D. Vitelli and Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh, editors) and The Ethics of Archaeology: Philosophical Perspectives on Archaeological Practice}, volume = {32}, year = {2008}, pages = {135-141}, editor = {Alicia J.M. Colson} } @Conference Paper {10434, title = {Archaeology, Museums and the Public}, year = {1989}, address = {Fredericton}, abstract = {Interpreting the past for the public is a basic task for museum archaeologists. The public is a mosaic of groups with special needs and expectations of a museum and includes children, professional and avocational archaeologists, tourists and Native people. For many, the subject matter concerns a culture not only far removed in time, but also one with a fundamentally different premise and world view. The redevelopment of the Native Peoples Gallery at the Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History has provided an opportunity to examine critically our premises about Native cultures and the interpretive techniques used to convey an understanding of those cultures.}, author = {Gerald T. Conaty} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9091, title = {Avonlea Yesterday and Today{\textemdash}Archaeology and Prehistory}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {237-239}, editor = {Gerald T. Conaty} } @Conference Paper {10444, title = {Axe Quarrying and Production in Neolithic Ireland}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {Stone axeheads are an important aspect of the material culture of the Neolithic period (4000-2500 BC) in Ireland. They were also in use prior to this, during the Mesolithic (before 7000 - 4000 BC) and subsequently in the Bronze Age (from 2500 BC) Since the early 1990s there has been a major, on-going research project (the Irish Stone Axe Project) focussing on the compilation of a computerised database of stone axeheads of Irish provenance. This is to provide a research engine for a range of projects on stone axeheads. The data base contains archaeological and petrological information. The methodlogical aim is to look at axes in terms of a "cultural biography" approach and to critically assess the post-depositional factors that have influenced the archaeological record. To date there are records of over 22,000 axeheads on the database. Using this data the paper will explore the range of lithologies used in the production of stone axeheads in Ireland. There is evidence of quarrying of a number of primary sources as well as the widespread use of secondary sources, such as beach and river cobbles. There are two known quarry sites in northeast Ireland for the major source used, a rock known as porcellanite. Alongside patterns of use of a range of Irish sources, it is clear that axeheads were exchanged between Ireland and Britain during the Neolithic and there are also a small number of axes of continental European origin.}, author = {Cooney, Gabriel} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9205, title = {Archaeological Investigations in the Aleutian Islands and History, Ethnology and Anthropology of the Aleut}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {117-120}, editor = {Debra Corbett} } @Conference Paper {10459, title = {Analysis of Tr{\textquoteright}och{\"e}k and Forty Mile Sites (Yukon) Stone Chip Collections}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {The H{\"a}n traditional territory is located in the Middle Yukon River on both sides of the Yukon-Alaska boundary. Our understanding of H{\"a}n pre-contact culture is limited. The diggings at Tr{\textquoteright}och{\"e}k and Forty Mile sites, directed by T.J Hammer between 1998 and 2001, contribute at our knowledge of traditional H{\"a}n culture. These sites are located in the Klondike region and findings reflect the traditional life ways at the fish camps of the H{\"a}n people during the Late Prehistoric/Athapaskan Tradition (1260BP - 1800s) and the contact periods. The first objective of my research is to identify the reduction technologies present on both site Tr{\textquoteright}och{\"e}k and Forty Mile. The second is to determine if the collections support the proposition of Le Blanc, that at the Late Prehistoric/Atapaskan Tradition the shift of stone reduction type result of the diminution of the importance of lithic technology. These objectives are attained by the observation of the complete stone flake collections found during the excavations of Tr{\textquoteright}och{\"e}k and Forty Mile. By observing the stone chip physical characteristic I expect to determine the presence and the importance of the bipolar and/or free hand reduction strategies in the collections. Further, our collections will be compared with the collections from the Rat Indian Creek and, if possible the Klo-Kut sites. These comparisons will provide a reference point to integrate our data into the framework of northwest archaeology. Finally, these comparisons will permit discussion of the importance of lithic technology during the Late Prehistoric/Athapaskan Period.}, author = {Corriveau, Isabelle and HAMMER, T.J.} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9078, title = {The Archaeology of Rank (P.K. Wason) and Mortuary Variability and Status Differentiation on the Columbia-Fraser Plateau}, volume = {20}, year = {1996}, pages = {154-159}, editor = {Gary Coupland} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9064, title = {Archaeology of Coastal British Columbia: Essays in Honour of Professor Philip M. Hobler}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {154-157}, editor = {Gary Coupland} } @Conference Paper {10479, title = {Archaeological Research on the Grand Falls Drainage, Eastern Maine}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {Archaeological research on the Grand Falls drainage (west branch of the St. Croix) during the past decade has revealed a record of prehistoric settlement extending frorn Paleo-Indian to the historic period. We review the archaeological evidence, with particular attention to the Ceramic period. During the Ceramic Period evidence from artifact morphology and lithic materials suggests extensive contact with the Maritimes.}, author = {Cox, Steven} } @Conference Paper {10491, title = {Analysis of Ancient mtDNA from Indigenous North American Dogs}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {We present here an analysis of molecular genetic data for indigenous North American dogs consisting of 300 BP sequences of mitochondrial DNA from the D-loop of 3 extinct breeds: the Salish wool dog, the Northwest Coast {\textquoteright}village{\textquoteright} or hunting dog, and the Tahltan bear dog. This indigenous dog DNA was compared to 718 BP sections of the D-loop from 4 wolf subspecies, red fox, coyote, and 11 breeds of contemporary (modern) dogs also sequenced for this study. Our canid dataset was combined with somewhat longer D-loop sequences of dogs and wolves from two recently published studies. Parsimony analysis of this expanded dataset identified only three major (well-supported) groups: fox, coyote and dog/wolf. A few groupings within the dog/wolf clade were discernible but poorly supported. We conclude that it is not possible to distinguish between breeds of dogs, or even between dogs and wolves, using mtDNA D-loop sequences. Several explanations are offered for these results, the most significant of which is that extensive introgression of dog mtDNA into wolf populations, due to both modern and past asymmetric hybridization events, may account for the similarities in DNA sequences.}, author = {CROCKFORD, S.J. and A. BYUN and U. RINK and M. BURBIDGE and B.F. KOOP} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9083, title = {The Archaeology of Identities: A Reader}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {254-257}, editor = {Jerimy J. Cunningham} } @Conference Paper {10511, title = {Accessing the past: Sharing the University of Manitoba{\textquoteright}s archaeological collections with the public}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {Archaeological materials are studied, preserved and curated by professionals in trust for the general public; however public access to the results of this work in Canada remains limited. While museums have begun to employ the Internet to provide increased access to their collections, this practice has yet to be embraced by other institutions and organizations housing archaeological materials. This paper discusses the considerations that went into making a subset of the archaeological collections housed at the University of Manitoba available online to the general public and the public response to this effort thus far.}, author = {Ashleigh Czyrnyj} } @inbook {11014, title = {Appendix II: NOGAP Bibliography}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 1}, volume = {1}, year = {1991}, pages = {155-159}, author = {Compiled By R. Jane Dale and Jean-Luc Pilon}, editor = {Jacques Cinq-Mars and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9203, title = {Arctic Odyssey: The Diary of Diamond Jenness, 1913{\textendash}1916}, volume = {17}, year = {1993}, pages = {132-134}, editor = {David Damas} } @Conference Paper {10526, title = {Archaeological Survey at 78 Degrees North: Investigations in Inglefield Land, Northwestern Greenland}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {For six weeks in 2004, a crew of seven from Greenland, Denmark, and the US, surveyed two areas on the central coast of Inglefield Land, Northwestern Greenland: Force Bay and Marshall Bay. This region provides an excellent location for examining the complex interaction of climatic change (end of the Little Ice Age), culture contact (between Inughuit and British whalers, Inuit from Baffin Island, and American polar explorers), and the affects on local technology and subsistence. We relied mainly on intensive foot-based survey and identified and mapped nearly 800 archaeological features. Virtually everywhere we looked that could support human occupation had evidence of past use including nearly 300 tent rings, 16 semi-subterranean winter houses, and a wide variety of other feature types such as meat caches, fox traps, hare snare lines, kayak and umiak stands, and human burials. One of the highlights of our summer was a site at Cape Grinnell, located at the northern end of Force Bay, where at this one single locality we encountered evidence of habitation dating from recent times to at least 4000 years ago and documented over 100 features representing nearly every type known in the High Arctic. We also believe this site was initially visited by Elisha Kent Kane in the 1850s.}, author = {Darwent, Christyann and John Darwent and Genevieve LeMoine} } @Conference Paper {10525, title = {Across from Ellesmere: Results of Archaeological Survey in Inglefield Land, Greenland}, year = {2006}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {The Inglefield Land Archaeology Project is a collaborative multi-year project with the primary goal of studying culture contact among the Inughuit, Inuit, and Euro-American explorers in northwestern Greenland in order to investigate issues concerning loss and regain of technology, changes in land use, and environmental impacts. As a start to this endeavour, we began a program of helicopter and pedestrian survey during the summers of 2004 and 2005 in order to identify sites for further investigation. Although Inglefield Land is renown for sites such as Ruin Island and Inuarfissuaq (Holtved 1944), overall the archaeological record of the area was poorly known. Here we present the results of the 2004 and 2005 survey during which we examined most of the coastline of the area by helicopter and identified 1375 cultural features in four localities during pedestrian survey.}, author = {Darwent, John A. and Genevieve LeMoine and DARWENT, Christyann M. and Hans Lange} } @article {9559, title = {An Application of the Direct Historical Approach to the Algonkians of Northern Ontario}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {1}, year = {1977}, pages = {151-181}, abstract = {

The comparative method is used to trace the culture history of the hunting, gathering and fishing groups who historically occupied the area north of Lake Superior. The lithic and ceramic assemblages from five historic components, considered to be the product of Algonkian peoples, are compared to those from six prehistoric components. Minor differences in stone tool kits are evidently associated with groups who temporarily resided in discrete natural communities. In contrast, ceramics show a mixture of traditions which developed at an earlier time in semi-isolated regions. The application of the direct historic approach suggests that archaeological recoveries are the cumulative product of a single population which in historic times may be recognized as semi-distinct regional groups.

}, author = {K.C.A. Dawson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9092, title = {The Armstrong mound on Rainy River}, volume = {8}, year = {1976}, pages = {176-177}, editor = {K.C.A. Dawson} } @Conference Paper {10551, title = {An Archaeological Reconnaissance Along the Shores of Lake Nipigon}, year = {1968}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {A survey was undertaken in 1967, under support of the National Museum of Canada, to determine the nature of the archaeological remains along the virtually unknown shores of the most northerly of the Upper Great Lakes, Lake Nipigon. The shores are dominated by crystalline rock and the boreal forest of the Hudsonian biotic province. Here twenty-one Middle and Late Woodland sites were located. They included seven Middle Woodland, six Late Woodland, five multi-component sites, two stratified sites, and one historic burial. It is suggested that lack of evidence of earlier assemblages reflects the selection of locations examined and the extensive recent shore erosion. Most sites revealed only a thin veneer of artifacts scattered on sandy terraces four to six feet above the present shore line. Primarily on the basis of ceramics, the Laurel Tradition, with some suggestions of blending of Hopewellian, predominates in the middle period. Nutumik focus ceramics blend into Blackduck and Selkirk focus ceramics which predominate in the late period. Unlike the north shore of Lake Superior, a hiatus between periods is not evident, nor are there strong evidences of eastern ceramic mixture; rather the affinities are dominantly western. In the late period they are considered to be largely one ceramic tradition. Trade goods of the post-1600 period were also recovered with Late Woodland ceramics, including ceramics with uniformly poor paste and course grit considered to be Ojibwa as distinct from the known ceramic traditions. This situation appears to be characteristic of the region lying south of the height of land and extending west to Rainy Lake. The establishment of definite evidence of continuities and whether the assemblages represent Obibwa or Siouan peoples rests on future excavation of both sites and burials.}, author = {Kenneth C.A. Dawson} } @Conference Paper {10561, title = {Archaeology and Community Outreach in Rural Nova Scotia}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {The Scots Bay Archaeological Project involves field work and community outreach in the Minas Basin area of central Nova Scotia. The focus of the field work component is the excavation of three prehistoric sites involved in the local lithic industry; a quarry site at Davidson Cove, a workshop/habitation site at Clam Cove and a living site in the present village of Scots Bay. The major goals of the field work are (1) to determine how long the lithic sources at Scots Bay were being exploited and by whom and (2) to increase our understanding of the processes of lithic quarrying, processing and distribution in this region. The outreach component of the project introduces the archaeological project to the local community through informal presentations, workshops, on-site visits, and opportunities for volunteering. The provincial government has recently purchased the point of land beyond the community (Cape Split) and is planning to expand an existing system of hiking trails in order to promote tourism in the area. Since Clam Cove and other sties are located on this cape, we are also exploring the potential for archaeological tourism.}, author = {Michael Deal} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {14048, title = {Archaeology and the Indigenous Peoples of the Maritimes}, volume = {48}, year = {2024}, pages = {175-176}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/48.1.175}, editor = {Arthur Spiess} } @article {13187, title = {Archaeology and the Meanderings of the Annapolis River: A View from the Boswell Site}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {46}, year = {2022}, pages = {052-099}, abstract = {

Boswell (BfDf-08) is the first precontact archaeological site to be excavated along the Annapolis River, in north-central Nova Scotia. Therefore, it is the baseline for our understanding of former Indigenous occupation for this entire drainage system. Thus far, the site has revealed a cultural sequence beginning with the Transitional (or Terminal) Archaic (ca.\ 4100{\textendash}2700\ BP), followed by Middle and Late Woodland (ca.\ 2500{\textendash}1500\ BP) occupations. Subsistence activities at the site included fishing, hunting of beaver and birds, and the collection of edible berries and nuts. The deeply stratified sediments at the site give an indication of why so few sites and private collections have been recorded along the Annapolis River. Based on the Boswell excavation, the authors recommend a new strategy for future archaeological work in this understudied part of the province.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/46.1.52}, author = {Michael Deal and John Campbell and Bryn Tapper} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {12179, title = {Assemblage Theory}, volume = {43}, year = {2019}, pages = {118-121}, editor = {Paulina Scheck} } @Conference Paper {9942, title = {Archaeology for Five to Eight Year Olds: Citizenship and Problem Solving in the Primary Schools}, year = {2001}, address = {Banff}, abstract = {Two Elementary School Teachers, a School Administrator and an Emeritus Professor describe a University of Calgary sponsored Archaeology Program for the Schools. Outstanding Archaeology Undergraduate Students work with Teachers to provide authentic experiences in Archaeology. Teachers and Archaeology Students cooperate in the planning and presenting of learning experiences. In particular, two projects with five to eight year olds are described to show how even young children can begin to understand what the science of Archaeology is about; why it{\textquoteright}s so important to preserve Archaeological sites; and how the study of Western Canadian Aboriginal sites can contribute to children{\textquoteright}s historical and cultural understandings.}, author = {deLeeuw, Gary and Sue Crocker and Louise Dougherty and Edie Hemstock} } @Conference Paper {10565, title = {Archaeology and the Development of Irish National Identities}, year = {1994}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {This paper considers how archaeology and archaeologists contributed to the development of Irish national identities in what was to become Northern Ireland and the republic of Ireland. By reconsidering how turn-of-the-century archaeologists interpreted ancient monuments, this paper will suggest how modern political and social boundaries have been shaped and legitimated by extending them into the mists of prehistory. In doing so I will examine the relationship between political institutions and archaeological institutions, including museums, universities, periodicals and avocational societies.}, author = {DELLE, James A.} } @article {9563, title = {Anthropogenic Fire and Landscape Management on Valdes Island, Southwestern BC}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {250-279}, abstract = {

Precontact peoples of the Salish Sea inhabited and exploited environments of resource abundance. Recent research suggests that the production of a diversity of animal and plants, rather than a single resource (i.e., salmon), supported the complex lifeways of Northwest Coast peoples. While salmon played a critical role, it is important to consider multiple lines of evidence to properly characterize subsistence practices, intensification, and, ultimately, social change. One important and understudied area is the intensification and management of terrestrial, particularly plant, resources. This paper presents data relating to the use of fire as a tool to shape landscapes and increase their productivity at the Shingle Point site (DgRv-002) on Valdes Island, southwestern British Columbia. Charcoal records from this location are used to reconstruct burning practices and explore the role of anthropogenic fire as a mechanism of social change over the last five millennia. These methods and data provide a means to rethink and expand investigations into the emergence of social complexity in the Salish Sea.

}, author = {Kelly M. Derr} } @Conference Paper {10585, title = {Assigning Hearth Function through Paleoethnobotany}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {In the northern Dene community of Patuanak hearths are not re-used for different purposes. Instead, hearths are used for one very specific task such as cooking, making drying meat, or smoking hides. Through ethnoarchaeological research in Patuanak, archeological signatures have been identified that will allow archaeologists to assign function to hearths. Focusing mainly on plant remains, this paper explores how innovative paleobotanical techniques will allow archaeologists to assign function and even ethnicity to archaeological hearth remains.}, author = {Dersch, Ave Tressa} } @Conference Paper {10592, title = {Approvisionnement en mati{\'e}res premi{\'e}res, mobilit{\'e} et adaptation technique durant le Dors{\'e}tien au Nunavik}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Pierre M. Desrosiers and Noura Rahmani} } @Conference Paper {10591, title = {The Anthropology of Techniques: the French Approach}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {The French approach on the study of archaeological material is different from those used in North America. The anthropology of techniques try to define and understand the technical system of production. Developed first on the following of the work of some researchers, like A. Leroi-Gourhan and J. Tixier, this approach is now beginning to give some interesting result on the understanding of Ancient World Prehistory. In this presentation we are going to explain some of the major aspects of this approach, objectives, analysis methods, the contribution to the study of prehistoric hunter-gatherers and also its limits. L{\textquoteright}approche fran{\c c}aise de l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude du mat{\'e}riel arch{\'e}ologique est originale par rapport {\`a} ce que nous connaissons en Am{\'e}rique du Nord. L{\textquoteright}anthropologie des techniques s{\textquoteright}int{\'e}resse {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude de la culture mat{\'e}riel en d{\'e}finissant des syst{\'e}mes techniques de production. D{\'e}velopp{\'e} principalement {\`a} la fin des ann{\'e}es 1970, dans la lign{\'e}e des travaux, entre autres, de A. Leroi-Gourhan et J. Tixier, cette approche commence {\`a} livrer des avanc{\'e}es majeures pour la compr{\'e}hension de la pr{\'e}histoire de l{\textquoteright}Ancien Monde. Dans cet expos{\'e} nous allons pr{\'e}senter les principaux aspects de cette approche, ses objectifs, ses m{\'e}thodes d{\textquoteright}analyses, sa contribution {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude des soci{\'e}t{\'e}s de chasseurs-cueilleurs pr{\'e}historiques ainsi que ses limites.}, author = {Pierre M. Desrosiers and Noura Rahmani} } @Conference Paper {10593, title = {The Archaeologioal Identity of the Beothuck}, year = {1969}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {The Beothucks of the Island of Newfoundland became extinct in 1829. Their origins and relationships are still unknown. It is suggested that the Direct Historic Approach will be a useful tool in attempting to distinguish Beothuck remains and establishing an archaeological identity for them. Four sites and three collections may be relevant, despite several frustrating factors. The latest Beothuck sites contain no stone tools - only their iron substitutes. Another probable Beothuck site contains not only iron, but also stone tools some of which are characteristically Dorset. This site may be mixed. A third site seems to be a pure Beothuck component containing both iron and stone tools. A prehistoric site contains stone tools which may be Beothuck, but this site also contains typically Dorset tools and so may be mixed. Three collections contain stone tools which by comparison may be attributable to Beothuck. It is therefore possible to establish an archaeological identity for late historic Beothuck sites having iron tools, and also to suggest several stone tool types and lithic attributes which characterize prehistoric Beothuck assemblages.}, author = {Devereux, H.} } @Conference Paper {10601, title = {Are You My People?: Native Anthropology by a Native Anthropologist}, year = {1999}, address = {Whitehorse, Yukon}, abstract = {Native visitors to Yukon communities are often greeted with the question, {\textquoteright}Are you my people?{\textquoteright} How the question is answered may define the ensuing relationship. As a person of Tagish-Southern Tutchone-Tlingit ancestry raised in the Yukon and descended from several generations of Yukoners, I am in a unique position to study my home land and my culture. As a Native anthropologist I can also contribute to Anthropology from an indigenous perspective. I owe this to Archaeology-a discipline that sparked my interest during my first years of post-secondary education. Archaeology helped my find myself and allowed me to incorporate my past with my graduate studies. This paper focuses on the role that education has for Native people, and how it may provide new areas of insight in the field of northern Anthropology.}, author = {DILLMAN, Donna and the Kwanlin Dun First Nation} } @Conference Paper {10607, title = {Archaeology in 1984}, year = {1981}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {Alberta has, since the passage of the Alberta Historical Resources Act, been in the forefront of archaeological cultural resource management in Canada. Development proponents have spent untold dollars to conserve the past, and a staff of professionals has been hired by the Archaeological Survey to review development projects, undertake research, and review and evaluate the work of consultant archaeologists. Recorded sites in Alberta presently number approximately 12,000 and the total number of artifacts far exceeds that figure. Clearly many positive and necessary steps have been taken toward properly managing the resources; however, it still remains to take the next step into the world of directed and standardized archaeology. Does this represent shades of 1984 or only a tentative first step?}, author = {Donahue, P.} } @Conference Paper {10606, title = {Aspects of Prehistoric and Historic Trade on the Interior Plateau of British Columbia}, year = {1973}, address = {Burnaby}, abstract = {This paper discusses a few of the inferences to be drawn regarding trade on the plateau using archaeological, economic and ethnohistoric sources. Some suggestions for future research are made.}, author = {Paul F. Donahue} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9108, title = {Anthropology of the North Pacific Rim}, volume = {21}, year = {1997}, pages = {086-088}, editor = {Jonathan C. Driver} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9219, title = {Ancient Puebloan Southwest}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {301-303}, editor = {Jonathan Driver} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9107, title = {Archaeology: The Widening Debate}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {323-325}, editor = {Jonathan C. Driver} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9211, title = {Archaeological Theory and Scientific Practice}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {161-165}, editor = {Jonathan Driver} } @Conference Paper {10629, title = {Analyse multidimensionnelle de la variabilit{\'e} de l{\textquoteright}architecture fun{\'e}raire sur le site d{\textquoteright}un cimeti{\'e}re de chasseurs-cuei}, year = {2003}, address = {Hamilton}, author = {Bradley Drouin and Andrzej WEBER and Goriunova, Olga Ivanovna} } @Conference Paper {10635, title = {Arch{\'e}ologie et mus{\'e}ographie - Un cas type: Pointe-{\`a}-Calli{\'e}re, mus{\'e}e d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie et d{\textquoteright}histoire de}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {La r{\'e}alisation du mus{\'e}e d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie et d{\textquoteright}histoire de Montr{\'e}al a {\'e}t{\'e} un moment fort o{\`u} des arch{\'e}ologues, des historiens et des mus{\'e}ographes ont travaill{\'e} en {\'e}troite collaboration. Pointe-{\`a}-Calli{\'e}re se d{\'e}marque des autres mus{\'e}es d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie par l{\textquoteright}int{\'e}gration active des arch{\'e}ologues au processus de mise en valeur. Leur contribution a {\'e}t{\'e} au-del{\`a} de la fouille et de l{\textquoteright}analyse. Elle s{\textquoteright}est prolong{\'e}e dans une r{\'e}flexion qui a men{\'e} {\`a} l{\textquoteright}{\'e}laboration des concepts mus{\'e}ographiques. De la synergie des {\'e}quipes d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie, d{\textquoteright}histoire et de mus{\'e}ographie est n{\'e}e une approche de mise en valeur unique qui rend compte de la sp{\'e}cificit{\'e} arch{\'e}ologique du site arch{\'e}ologique. La conf{\'e}rence propos{\'e}e met en perspective les probl{\'e}matiques sous-jacentes {\`a} la r{\'e}alisation de l{\textquoteright}exposition permanente. Comment s{\textquoteright}est d{\'e}velopp{\'e} le concept mus{\'e}ographique? Quels liens ce concept entretient-il avec l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie? Comment la mus{\'e}ographie rend-elle compte de l{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie dans la mise en communication des donn{\'e}es historiques? Voil{\`a} quelques questions qui servent de base {\`a} la communication portant sur la mise en valeur r{\'e}alis{\'e}e {\`a} Pointe-{\`a}-Calli{\'e}re.}, author = {Dufresne, Sylvie} } @Conference Paper {10639, title = {Architecture of the Landscape and Predictive Studies}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {The authors present a theoretical and methodological approach in archaeology based on the application of several corpuses of which anthropology, structural geomorphology and topology play a major role. Thought is given on the possible applications of GIS systems to this scheme.}, author = {Dumais, Pierre and Jean Poirier} } @Conference Paper {10638, title = {Architecture du paysage et potentiel arch{\'e}ologique}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {Les auteurs d{\'e}crivent une approche th{\'e}orique et m{\'e}thodologique en arch{\'e}ologie bas{\'e}e sur l{\textquoteright}application de corpus tels que l{\textquoteright}anthropologie, la g{\'e}omorphologie structurale et la topologie. Une r{\'e}flexion prospective est faite sur l{\textquoteright}application possible de l{\textquoteright}informatique {\`a} cette d{\'e}marche.}, author = {Dumais, Pierre and Jean Poirier} } @Conference Paper {10641, title = {Archaeo-Magnetism and the Dating of a Plano Site From Rimouski, Qu{\'e}bec}, year = {1992}, address = {London}, abstract = {Discovered in 1990, a potentially old site located on a marine terrace of the Goldthwait Sea was the subject of a particular investigative approach because of its temporal placement within the cultural history of the region. Because the site was directly under a proposed section of Highway 20 behind Rimouski, a salvage operation, sponsored by the Minist{\'e}re des Transports du Qu{\'e}bec, was conducted in August and September 1991.This project involved a multi-disciplinary team composed of archaeologists, as well as a palynologist, pedologist, geomorphologist, geologist, and a physicist. Of the several objectives, the dating of the site was essential because of the lack of relevant dates for the Plano Tradition in Qu{\'e}bec and in the Northeast. The archaeo-magnetism approach, undertaken prior to the beginning of the dig, was chosen to discover areas on the site that can be related to features like hearths. We will describe the experiment, the results and present some considerations about archaeo-magnetism for future research. Finally, a brief presentation of the archaeological findings will follow.}, author = {Dumont, Jean and Claude Chapdelaine and Steve Bourget} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9098, title = {Archaeological Research in the Kame Hills Locality of Southern Indian Lake}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {245-246}, editor = {Ian Dyck} } @Conference Paper {10647, title = {Ancient Cold Weather Adaptations in the Northern Great Plains}, year = {2001}, address = {Banff}, abstract = {People have lived in the northern part of the Great Plains of North America since the end of the Pleistocene era. Throughout this long period of occupation, the region has been subject to seasonal extremes in climate. This paper surveys ethnohistorical and archaeological records for information about cultural adaptations to cold weather, specifically, adaptations in use before the arrival of Euro-American agriculturists. Important adaptations included: (1) tailored skin clothing; (2) portable tipi housing; (3) communal and individual hunting methods; (4) food storage by freezing, caching, drying, and the use of domestic animals as food; (5) transportation by snowshoes, toboggans and sleds; (6) seasonal distribution of occupation sites; (7) special kinds of winter recreation; and (8) reckoning of time by the passage of winters and the keeping of long-term histories known as winter counts. The survey shows that ethnohistoric records provide a vivid depiction of these adaptations during early historic times. Archaeological evidence reveals the great time depth for several of the practices, changes that occurred in some, and a means for resolution of ethnohistoric problems such as the distribution of cold weather sites.}, author = {Ian Dyck} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9112, title = {Americanist Culture History: Fundamentals of Time, Space and Form (Lyman, O{\textquoteright}Brien, and Dunnell, editors) and The Rise and Fall of Culture History}, volume = {22}, year = {1999}, pages = {172-175}, editor = {Ian Dyck} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9113, title = {Archaeology in Alberta: A View from the New Millennium}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {370-372}, editor = {Ian Dyck} } @article {14234, title = {Archaeological Insights from Excavation Work at a Late Holocene Pacheedaht Village}, volume = {48}, year = {2024}, pages = {120-157}, abstract = {

On the southwest coast of Vancouver Island, within Pacheedaht (formerly Pacheena; variation: Pacheenaht) territory, a large archaeological site was recently identified during ecological restoration work. Here we present the results of archaeological investigations initiated by Pacheedaht First Nation at the Browns Creek site (DdSc-32), which was occupied for approximately 1,000 years until just before the historical period; that is, after European contact in the eighteenth century. Our investigations provide baseline data regarding site characteristics and distribution, chronology of occupation, lithic and bone technologies, and resource use. Ethnographic information is used to contextualize archaeological findings. Additionally, analysis of remote sensing data informs the dynamic history of the Gordon River delta and provides the first estimate of its progradation rate. Little systematic archaeological investigation has previously occurred on the southwest coast of Vancouver Island, particularly within Pacheedaht territory, and our findings add considerably to the archaeological record of the region. This work serves as a case study for work in partially disturbed archaeological contexts, demonstrating that despite significant impacts, valuable information can still be recovered.\ 

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/48.1.120}, author = {Jacob K. Earnshaw and Jacob Salmen-Hartley and Brendan Gray and Bear~Charlie and Stan Jones and Bonnie Mack and Leon Jones and Duncan~McLaren} } @Conference Paper {10658, title = {Archaeology and the Internet / L{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie et Internet}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {The information revolution powered by the Internet has had profound implications for archaeologists and the methods by which we can disseminate and retrieve information. The Internet provides many opportunities for archaeologists to share knowledge with other professionals and avocational archaeologists. This paper will examine some of the various resources available on the Internet. It will briefly look at newsgroups dedicated to archaeology on the Internet, as well as e-mail discussion groups related to archaeology. However, the focus will be on important sources of information on the World Wide Web, including a few good {\textquoteright}jumping-off{\textquoteright} points for searching the Web. The paper will also examine other relevant issues as the role of the Internet in Public archaeology and the dangers of the Internet - when any crackpot with a computer and a little knowledge can spread his ideas.}, author = {David Ebert} } @article {9576, title = {Applications of Archaeological GIS}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {319-341}, abstract = {

The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in archaeology seems like a perfect match of technology and application. GIS has found its way into many areas of archaeological research, especially in the area of Cultural Resource Management (CRM). While GIS offers many tools for the archaeologist, its full potential has not been realized. This paper offers a conceptual framework in which GIS procedures can be detailed, as well as a description of those procedures. The state of archaeological GIS in Canada is reviewed, with emphasis on both the academic and CRM applications of GIS. Finally, the paper examines the possibilities of archaeological GIS.

}, author = {David Ebert} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9117, title = {Archaeological Surveying and Mapping: Recording and Depicting the Landscape}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {112-114}, editor = {David Ebert} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9011, title = {Archaeological Survey}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {166-168}, editor = {David Ebert} } @Conference Paper {10657, title = {Aboriginal Toponymy as a Data Source for Predictive Modeling: A conceptual model}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {One of the greatest challenges in archaeological predictive modeling is moving beyond the {\textquoteright}usual suspects{\textquoteright} of environmental predictor variables. I have argued elsewhere for the importance of incorporating either traditional land-use data or habitat suitability as a source of data for predictive modeling. However, both of these types of data can prove problematic in their acquisition. Increasingly in Canada, First Nations are mapping their traditional territories, as part of the Treaty Land Entitlement process. I believe that the place names collected in these exercises provide a potentially rich source of data for archaeological predictive modeling. However, in order to incorporate these data, a robust conceptual model must be devised. In this paper, I present the beginnings of the concept and design of a conceptual model for the incorporation of Aboriginal place names. Particularly this paper identifies a number of issues with using place name data.}, author = {David Ebert} } @Conference Paper {10662, title = {Archaeometallurgical Investigations into the Metalworking Technology of the Protohistoric Illinois, 1640-1682}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {For archaeologists interested in the timing and tempo of native material culture transformation during the earliest phases of European contact, the appearance of new types of copper-base trade metal artifacts on native sites from the period has traditionally served as an important signal of intensifying European influence. However, relatively little attention has been paid to analyzing these artifacts from a technological or compositional perspective. Preliminary results drawn from application of a complimentary suite of archaeometric procedures, including metric, microscopic, metallographic, and compositional analyses using proton-induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE) on a sample of 75 copper-base metal artifacts from the late protohistoric/early contact Illiniwek Village Site, Clark County, Missouri are brought together to demonstrate the usefulness of these combined techniques in addressing questions of native appropriation, manipulation, use, and distribution of these metals during the earliest phases of material and technological change. The range, variation, and material character of the artifacts are identified, as are the technical means through which these metals are thought to have been reworked. Results are discussed within larger contexts of native metalworking and technological change among the Illinois.}, author = {Ehrhardt, Kathleen L. and Samuel K. Nash} } @Conference Paper {10667, title = {Archaeological Excavations at the Moulton Creek Site}, year = {1973}, address = {Burnaby}, abstract = {This paper describes results from a small scale investigation at a multi-component housepit village on the South Thompson River near Chase B.C., and compares it to other assemblages in the Interior Plateau. Of special interest is the basal component, which, although the sample is small, may represent a belated Protowestern tradition. This site adds new support to the hypothesis that because of ecological reasons, the cultures of the Fraser and Thompson River areas differed, until recent times.}, author = {Morley Eldridge} } @article {9577, title = {The Antiquity of Fish Weirs on the Southern Coast: A Response To Moss, Erlandson and Stuckenrath}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {16}, year = {1992}, pages = {112-116}, author = {Morley Eldridge and Steven Acheson} } @Conference Paper {10669, title = {Archaeological Potential Modelling with LIDAR}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {Slightly raised landforms have greater archaeological potential than their surroundings even in floodplains. In the muskeg plains and plateaux of the northern Canadian boreal forest, sites are almost invariably located on raised landforms such as knolls, ridges, rises, and terraces. Some of these can be very subtle features. Numerous methods have tried to incorporate these landforms into predictive models by identifying them from conventional maps, remote sensing, and GIS. None of these was successful or inexpensive enough to consider for modelling large areas. A method to model for raised landforms developed by Millennia Research works well to identify medium to large landforms, but lacked a sufficiently detailed DEM to model for microtopographic landforms. LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) is a remote sensing method that will revolutionise many areas of archaeological investigation. LIDAR provides data with sub-metre accuracy even under trees. Data collected for every square metre means that incredibly detailed maps and models can be generated over hundreds of square kilometres. Formerly "featureless" landscapes become highly varied. Millennia Research has further developed the landform identification routines and algorithms to work with LIDAR data to identify a wide range of landforms, down to microtopographic features.Years of archaeological research in north-eastern British Columbia has shown hat topographic features can be the single most important component when modelling for archaeological sites, as these are strongly correlated with large and small landforms. Normally, forest cover is used as a proxy to identify these landforms. However, the sole use of forest cover can result in assigning an area with high potential when it is actually low. In this paper I will present a novel method to model for landforms based on the use of rectangular running windows, and present the results of the ground-truthing of the Archaeological Potential Model developed by Millennia Research for north-eastern British Columbia.}, author = {Morley Eldridge} } @Conference Paper {10681, title = {Archaeological Investigations at Cannington Manor Historic Park}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Cannington Manor is a historic settlement site located in the Moose Mountain area of Southeastern Saskatchewan. The village achieved its fame through a group of English expatriates who came to Canada hoping to re-create an {\textquoteright}English rural life of leisure{\textquoteright} as prosperous farmers. Known generally as {\textquoteright}the English group{\textquoteright}, these settlers devoted a great deal of time to pursuits such as music, art, and sport. Race days, fox hunts, tennis parties, and musical evenings created a body of legend surrounding the site. Cannington life wasn{\textquoteright}t all dances and tea parties, however. In addition to the wealthy English, Cannington{\textquoteright}s community included hard-working farming families from Britain, Ontario, Manitoba, and the Maritimes. Through a discussion of archaeological investigations conducted at the town site in 2000 and 2001, this presentation examines the ways in which these two groups of people got along and created Cannington Manor in the newly-developed west.}, author = {Enns-Kavanagh, Kristin} } @article {9626, title = {Archaeology and the environmental impact study}, journal = {Bulletin}, volume = {6}, year = {1974}, pages = {032-047}, author = {Henri T. Epp} } @article {9582, title = {Archaeological Distribution and Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Glass From Obsidian Cove, Suemez Island, Southeast Alaska}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {16}, year = {1992}, pages = {089-095}, author = {Jon M. Erlandson and Madonna L. Moss and Richard E. Hughes} } @Conference Paper {10701, title = {Assessing the Impact of Geophysical Projects on Archaeological Sites: Model and Fact}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {An increasing number of geophysical exploration projects are subject to archaeological impact assessments under British Columbia{\textquoteright}s Heritage Conservation Act. While present modeling allows the identification of areas within the developments with a potential to contain buried archaeological remains, industry practices make it difficult to conduct field work prior to development. As such, verification of impacts must be completed after the fact. Impact assessments of three geophysical projects are described, illustrating the weakness and strengths of present government management policies and practices.}, author = {Favarque, R{\'e}mi N.R. and DAHLSTROM, Bruce} } @Conference Paper {10704, title = {Archaeology without Artifacts: Research Experiences Outside of Excavation}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {One goal of my MA research was to talk to people and record their oral histories and opinions on archaeology. I wanted to engage the community in their rich history and current archaeological explorations of the past. Armed with digital recorder in hand, I went to the Inuit community of Nain, Labrador with the na{\"\i}ve enthusiasm that I assume many graduate students have before embarking on their first real research project.}, author = {Amelia Fay} } @Conference Paper {10718, title = {AN ACADIAN SETTLER ON P.E.I: THE HACH{\'e}-GALLANT HOUSE AT PORT LA JOYE}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {The cellar of a domestic building, ca. 1720-1745, at the first French settlement on Isle Saint Jean (P.E.I.) contained one of the few undisturbed archaeological deposits in this heavily farmed site. The property had belonged to Michel Hach{\'e}-Gallant, considered the first Acadian settler on the island and ancestor of many of P.E.I.{\textquoteright}s present inhabitants. Location of the cellar by EM-38 conductivity meter is discussed, as well as structural artifactual and faunal evidence of the Gallant occupation.}, author = {Ferguson, Robert and Frances Stewart} } @Conference Paper {10721, title = {Archaeology in the Banana Republics? Recent Excavations in Rivas, Nicaragua}, year = {2001}, address = {Banff}, abstract = {This paper details the first season of archaeological excavation by a University of Calgary team in the region of Rivas, located in southwestern Nicaragua. The aims of the project are to investigate ethnohistoric accounts of the Nicarao, an indigenous group of Nahuat-speakers thought to have migrated to this area a few hundred years prior to European arrival in the New World. The strength of the link between the Nahuat-speakers of Nicaragua and those of Central Mexico is an important issue, relevant to the role of lower Central America in the Mesoamerican interaction sphere. The first season=s test excavations centered on Santa Isabel A, located close to the shores of Lago de Nicaragua and one of the most important sites in the area. It is hoped that this research will provide insights into the idea of ethnicity and ethnic boundaries, as well as combat the dearth of archaeological knowledge in Nicaragua.}, author = {Fern{\'a}ndez, Deepika and Larry Steinbrenner and Geoffrey McCafferty} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9126, title = {Archaeology Beyond Dialogue}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {304-306}, editor = {Neal Ferris} } @Conference Paper {10734, title = {The Archaeology of Communities: A Northern Iroquoian Example from Southern Ontario, Canada}, year = {1999}, address = {Whitehorse, Yukon}, abstract = {Archaeological study of more than 250,000 artifacts from 75 Iroquoian sites in the Crawford Lake area of Southern Ontario over the past 25 years has revealed a complex occupation by {\textquoteright}proto-Huron{\textquoteright} peoples, and by {\textquoteright}proto-Neutral{\textquoteright} peoples and the prehistoric and historic Neutral peoples who were their descendants. These were Iroquoian- speaking peoples who practiced slash-and-burn horticulture and lived in long houses in villages from 0.5 to 5 hectares in extent. Current data reveal that the area was first occupied about A.D. 1000 by {\textquoteright}proto-Huron{\textquoteright} peoples, and it has been possible to trace the history of two communities of {\textquoteright}proto-Huron{\textquoteright} peoples as they relocated and merged their villages at least 13 times over a period of 500 years. In the late 15th century A.D. five communities of {\textquoteright}proto-Neutral{\textquoteright} peoples moved into the Crawford Lake area from the west and established their villages within 2.8-7.3 km (mean=4.6) of the single {\textquoteright}proto-Huron{\textquoteright} village. This had the effect of surrounding the original {\textquoteright}proto-Huron{\textquoteright} occupants. It is hypothesized that the peaceful co-existence and close proximity of these villages was possible as a result of alliance formation and maintenance which involved trading, feasting, and perhaps exchange of women. Material culture recovered from archaeological deposits of these sites reveals that many artifacts served not only a practical function but also as badges indicating the community where they were made and used. The approach taken, and results obtained, have significant implications for the archaeological study of slash-and-burn horticulturists world-wide in the 21st century.}, author = {William D. Finlayson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {12548, title = {The Archaeology of Patterson Village {\textendash} A 19th Century Company Town in the Township of Vaughan, Ontario}, volume = {43}, year = {2019}, pages = {256-258}, editor = {Francisco Rivera} } @Conference Paper {10732, title = {Additional Data on Saugeen Focus Burial Practices}, year = {1973}, address = {Burnaby}, abstract = {The excavation of a secondary cemetery at the Donaldson site has provided additional data on burial practices in southwestern Ontario during the Middle Woodland Period. Methods of treatment of the body prior to internment were extended to include dismemberment and partial cremation. Additional burial positions included the extended position and the flexed position with the individual lying on its stomach. There were also differences in the kinds and nature of association of grave goods. The occurrence of Hopewellian grave goods such as cut sheet mica and copper pan pipe covers indicates a limited but definite participation in the Hopewell Interaction Sphere.}, author = {William D. Finlayson} } @Conference Paper {10738, title = {Are Resource Managers Expert (Systems)? A Proposal for Developing and Applying Knowledge-Based Rules Using GIS}, year = {1992}, address = {London}, abstract = {Effective resource management requires an intimate knowledge of the resource base and an equally thorough understanding of the types of impacts and their effects. Current resource managers are hampered because they, and the rest of the archaeological community, have a less than desirable knowledge of both. As a result, typical decision making matrices are relatively simple, employing discontinuous variables (high, medium, low), and binary assumptions (there is an impact/thrre is no impact). This is not the best level of decision making that can be achieved, and is particularly ineffective for managing regional scale impacts such as forestry and agriculture. It is argued here that we should start looking at the resource management process in a much broader context. Ideally, we would look at probability of site occurrence, type of site, probability of detection, type of impact, equipment used, soils, weather, vegetation cover, etc. In doing so, we are forced to move from a two dimensional to an {\textquoteright}n{\textquoteright} dimensional decision matrix. Without ingesting harmful substances, people don{\textquoteright}t like to think in {\textquoteright}n{\textquoteright} dimensions. Computers are not as inhibited {\textendash} what{\textquoteright}s a dimension? We can create expert systems to determine the best possible management solutions and then apply these solutions, as rules, to the landscape using GIS. This paper discusses a proposal for an appropriate pilot study and outlines some of the potential benefits of such an approach.}, author = {Finnigan, Jim} } @Conference Paper {10751, title = {Archaeologioal Reconnaissance in Hamilton Inlet and Lake Melville, Labrador, 1968}, year = {1969}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {The initial field season of a planned two-year study of the archaeology of the central coast of Labrador has been completed. Aided by air-photo interpretation a survey of the transitional zone from the forested interior to the barren coast has resulted in recognition of a dual series of Indian and Eskimo components. At North West River small Indian sites spanning a period of about three thousand years have been excavated, and a five-stage sequence of occupation has been proposed. Surveys in Groswater Bay (Hamilton Inlet) suggest amplification of the NWR data to include an older unit using ground slate tools and late prehistoric unit which may represent prehistoric Naskaupi. Eskimo remains include recent historic sites within eastern Lake Melville, and a fine sequence of 16th-18th Century winter sites in the Narrows. Labrador Thule culture was not found but probably exists in the outer reaches of Groswater Bay. Finally, a series of small Dorset campsites was found on Ticoralak Island, indicating a regional variant of this culture with several new Dorset types represented. Very little evidence was found suggesting contact between Eskimo and Indian groups for any of this period. Dorset and Indian cultures contemporaneous with it are distinctly different in technology, typology, and geographic distribution. Other points to be discussed include a possible hiatus of Eskimo occupation between Dorset and Thule times, distributional evidence for several of the Indian components, and comments on cultural ecology and lithic analysis.}, author = {William Fitzhugh} } @Conference Paper {10758, title = {ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE FROBISHER VOYAGES: RESULTS AND PROSPECTS}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {The Frobisher Voyages (1576-1578) present one of the most interesting opportunities for integrated historical anthropological and archaeological studies in the Quincentennial era. While the history of this earliest English enterprise on the soil of the New World is well known, its archaeological and ethnographic aspects have received cursory treatment. This paper reviews the history of research, dwelling particularly upon recent interdisciplinary work on the Frobisher settlements and mines and archeometric studies of the early-dating Frobisher iron blooms. Results of recent surveys conducted in outer Frobisher Bay in 1990 are presented. Finally, a plan coordinated with the Canadian Steering Committee for Frobisher research is presented for forthcoming studies in history and oral history, historical archaeology, European-Inuit acculturation, and environmental research.}, author = {William Fitzhugh} } @Conference Paper {10756, title = {ARCHAEOLOGY OF A THULE VILLAGE IN NORTHERN LABRADOR}, year = {1991}, address = {St.John{\textquoteright}s}, abstract = {The Thule period and its relationships to Dorset and late Indian occupations of central and northern Labrador is an important but little known period in Labrador prehistory. Large populations and strong cultural, economic, and ethnic contrasts characterize this period, which led directly to the establishment of modern Inuit and Innu populations and laid the foundation for the historical period. While Late Dorset, Point Revenge, and historic Inuit cultures are well-described, the Thule period has not been given sufficient attention. This paper presents information from recent Thule excavations on Staffe Island in the Killinek region in the context of other Labrador Thule data and proposes an interaction model for the period AD 1000-1500 leading to the modern era.}, author = {William Fitzhugh} } @article {9594, title = {AMS Dating of Two Wooden Artifacts from the Northwest Coast}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {11}, year = {1987}, pages = {001-012}, abstract = {

Two wooden artifacts of considerable artistic and technological interest to Northwest Coast prehistorians have been dated using the AMS radiocarbon method. The results indicate that prehistoric Northwest Coast artists were producing wood carvings fully comparable in quality and iconographic complexity to those of the ethnographic peoples of the same region.

}, author = {K.R. Fladmark and D.E. Nelson and T.A. Brown and J.S. Vogel and J.R. Southon} } @Conference Paper {10766, title = {An Archaeological Survey of the Peace River Valley of British Columbia}, year = {1976}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Archaeological surveying in the Peace River valley of British Columbia in the summers of 1974 and 1975 was funded by B.C. Hydro as part of an impact assessment program for proposed hydroelectric reservoirs. Over 300 sites have been recorded to date on the basis of both judgemental and probabilistic sampling procedures. Artifact typologies and geochronology indicate occupation of the area from at least 10-11,000 B.P. although no excavated sequences are yet established. Projectile point types frequently indicate close ties with the Northwestern and Central Plains. Of special interest was the relocation of a number of Northwest Company and Hudson{\textquoteright}s Bay fur trade forts, including the earliest such site on the mainland of British Columbia, established ca. 1794.}, author = {K.R. Fladmark} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9273, title = {Ancient Canada}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {254-258}, editor = {Knut R. Fladmark} } @Conference Paper {10772, title = {An analysis and interpretation of the lithic collection from Tall Jawa, an Iron Age site on the Madaba Plateau, Jordan}, year = {2001}, address = {Banff}, abstract = {This paper examines the lithic material from Tall Jawa, a predominantly Iron Age site in Jordan. There were over 800 lithic specimens recovered from several seasons of excavation. Types range from a Levallois core to blades and burins. While preliminary analysis suggests that most were not in situ, there is evidence to suggest that lithic tool use and technology lasted well into the Islamic period in this region of the Near East. This observation is significant in light of the assumed drastic decline of lithic technology with the advent of metallurgy.}, author = {Foley, C.M. and Urva Linnamae and Dawn Cropper} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9136, title = {Anthropology on the Great Plains}, volume = {5}, year = {1981}, pages = {179-180}, editor = {Richard G. Forbis} } @article {9596, title = {Archaeological and Ethnographic Correlates of Seasonality: Problems and Solutions on the Northwest Coast}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {13}, year = {1989}, pages = {133-150}, abstract = {

Archaeologists paying attention to the clumped nature of Northwest Coast resources suggested that archaeological sites might exhibit functionally-specific materials as a result of site-specific activities. Since a seasonal round of resource acquisition and residential mobility had been observed in the historic period, hypotheses developed that prehistoric subsistence strategies were also based upon the seasonal round. Archaeologists have attempted to test these hypotheses by assessing seasonality at various sites. Additional ethnographic information suggests that the faunal materials for which season at death can be determined may not be good indicators of season of site use. Other questions relating to site complexity, site-specific activities, and subsistence may more readily be addressed with archaeological data form the prehistoric period without reliance upon the ethnographic record for interpretation.

}, author = {Pamela J. Ford} } @Conference Paper {10779, title = {The Archaeological Identification and Interpretation of Pottery-making Locations: Ethnoarchaeological and Archaeological Data from South Africa.}, year = {2004}, address = {Winnipeg}, abstract = {Identifying the location of past pottery-making activities provides the primary data for inferring the social organization of production. Ethnoarchaeological accounts from Mesoamerica and South America have provided a number of material correlates for identifying the kinds of facilities used in pottery-making, the resulting debris, and the use of space in domestic production. However, similar studies have not been undertaken outside these regions. This study presents a set of criteria derived from an ethnoarchaeological study of amaZulu ceramic production in South Africa. The ethnographic model is compared against data from a nearby archaeological settlement dating to the ninth-century AD. The results of the study suggest that the ethnoarchaeological criteria are useful for identifying ceramic production areas within past settlements, and that a better understanding of the spatial organisation of production may potentially allow more detailed inferences to be made about labour organisation and the identity of artisans in early southern African farming communities.}, author = {Fowler, Kent D.} } @Conference Paper {10794, title = {Archaeological Research In The Snake Indian River Valley: A Parks Canada-University Of Alberta Partnership}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {During the summers of 1996 and 1997, the Department of Anthropology at the University of Alberta taught their archaeology field school in Jasper National Park under a partnership agreement with Parks Canada. As part of the on going Snake Indian River Threatened Sites Project, the field school continued with the excavation programme begun by Parks Canada archaeologists at a stratified site located on the north terrace of the river valley. The approximately one metre of aeolian silts covering the terrace contain evidence for at least four cultural components. The upper occupation is characterized by fire broken rock and hearth features while middle and lower occupations consist of lithic debitage and several discrete lithic work stations. Radiocarbon dates and recovered projectile points suggest that occupations occurred during the Early, Middle, and Late Prehistoric periods. Given the rarity of stratified archaeological sites in the national park, continuing analysis of the assemblage and further work at the site will provide extremely valuable information concerning the precontact occupational sequence of the Jasper National Park area.}, author = {Peter D. Francis and Caroline HUDECEK-CUFFE} } @Conference Paper {10798, title = {The Ancient, Accurate Calendar near Majorville, and the Gregorian Fix}, year = {2002}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {The date of an equinox, when the Sun crosses the Equator, cannot be determined by direct observation except from the Equator. The date of an Equalnight, which is 12.0 hours long, can be determined by direct observation of the Sun and stars, everywhere except in a four degree band that straddles the Equator. The Equalnights South of the Equator have dates different from those North of the Equator, due to refraction of low angle light by the atmosphere, and the width of the Sun{\textquoteright}s disk. Between AD 1488 and 1522 several European navigator/explorers sailed around the South tips of Africa and South America. They navigated by the Sun and stars. Evidently they discovered the Equalnight date differences. The date at which to celebrate Easter was in question. Six Popes struggled for 40 years to rectify the calendrical problem. There were two problems: to bring the calendar back into phase with the motions of the Sun and Moon; to fix the date of Easter everywhere on Earth. The subsequent papal bull of Gregory XIII, in 1582, stated, in part: II. . . . concerns the annual recurrence of Easter and other festivals, which depend upon measurement of motions of the sun and moon. IV. This fact (that the date of Easter is out of phase with the annual motions of the sun and moon), that indisputably requires that calendar restoration be fixed by law, . . . up to now couldn{\textquoteright}t be done, . . . and did not preserve uninjured the ancient rites of the Church (that was the first concern in this restoration). As a result, dictionaries in most European languages contain definitions equivalent to the following from OED and Merriam-Webster: equinox - either of two times of each year (about 21 March and 23 September) when the sun crosses the equator and the day and night are equal in length all over the world. But there is no date on which the day and night are equal in length all over the world. The durations of day/night on an equinox vary from 12h07m/11h53m at the equator to 24h00m/00h00m at the poles. At the SUN TEMPLE near Majorville the day/night durations at an equinox are 12h10m/11h50m. These dates are not marked in the 4500 year old calendar. But the dates of the 12.0h day/12.0h night are marked unambiguously. Two of the several Equalnight Sun Set and Rise lines will be shown, with a series of Sets and Rises passing through them. The 4000 year old calendar in Stonehenge also marks the Equalnights. These discoveries will result in corrections to definitions of {\textquoteright}equinox{\textquoteright} in all European languages, and will introduce two new words, Equalday and Equalnight.}, author = {Freeman, Gordon R.} } @Conference Paper {10812, title = {Archaeological Investigations in the Traditional Territory of the Cheslatta Nation, Central B.C.}, year = {1999}, address = {Whitehorse, Yukon}, abstract = {This paper presents the results of archaeological investigations undertaken in the traditional territory of the Cheslatta Carrier Nation. Excavations at two major village sites on Cheslatta Lake, and survey of a number of smaller lakes throughout Cheslatta lands are summarized. Pre-contact and traditional use sites are ubiquitous and numerous. Long-term occupation of the region, and an extensive trading network are evidenced. A distinctive socio-economic adaptive strategy is also reflected in the archaeological record.}, author = {FRENCH, Diana} } @Conference Paper {10810, title = {Assessing the Culture and Language of Logging: An Anthropological Perspective on BC Interior Forestry Archaeology}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {With the implementation of the archaeology section of the BC Forestry Practices Code, archaeologists have been faced with many new challenges. This paper will present an anthropological perspective on the practice of Interior forestry archaeology. The relevance of research strategies commonly employed in applied anthropology to contemporary archaeological consulting will be discussed. Certain approaches are more conducive to the incorporation of the perspectives and concerns of First Nations, as well as those of forestry practitioners. Archaeologists have had to devise new methodologies for working in different types of survey units, including operations areas, cutting permits, and cut blocks. In some types of terrain, the latter are frequently in a mutually exclusive distribution to archaeological and traditional use sites. The need to consider the results of investigations beyond the context of Forest Districts boundaries and Forestry Development Plans is demonstrated. Lastly, archaeologists like ethnographers must be aware of the role they play in translating and writing about culture. Archaeological reporting should be sensitive to the potential long term implications for First Nations, as well as to meeting the needs of the forestry industry.}, author = {FRENCH, Diana} } @Conference Paper {10818, title = {Application of Mandible Thin-Sectioning Techniques to the Study ofPrehistoric Beluga Whale Hunting in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {The economy of the late prehistoric Mackenzie Inuit was based on a great diversity of resources, including the seasonally abundant beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas). This paper is based on examination of beluga bones recovered from Gupuk, a large prehistoric site in the Mackenzie Delta. These analyses will be used to characterize prehistoric methods of beluga procurernent, and to determine the significance of this species to the diet of the Mackenzie Inuit. Emphasis will be placed on the examination of incremental structures observable in thin-sectioned beluga mandibles, which will be used to establish an age profile of the hunted population.}, author = {T. Max Friesen and Charles D. Arnold} } @article {11800, title = {Archaeology and Modern Climate Change}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {028-037}, author = {T. Max Friesen} } @Conference Paper {10824, title = {Ancestral Engineering: Bringing an Engineering Perspective to Archaeological Investigation}, year = {2008}, address = {Peterborough}, abstract = {We have long felt those whom modern society has named "Engineers" have played a significant role in the evolution of cultures and civilizations. Working with manual tools and the materials that nature provided, archaeological evidence has shown that practical, innovative, and esthetically beautiful creations were produced by our engineering ancestors. As with most effective research, understanding the past can lead to optimizing the future, and we propose that it is beneficial to study engineering and design in this context. In this paper we will discuss what we have termed "Ancestral Engineering", and describe the rationale behind the initiative. Two main themes have emerged; engineers helping archaeologists to integrate engineering expertise into their investigations, and archaeologists helping engineers to extract engineering design practice and methodology from other cultures. We propose and will begin to develop a concept of some archaeological materials as "engineered products" as opposed to "artifacts", within this framework. Several initial project ideas are discussed and a suite of Research Questions is proposed. We believe this is an emerging field, with significant opportunity to develop collaborative relationships with interested engineers, archaeologists and anthropologists to pursue discussions and potential research in this field.}, author = {David W. Fritz and David S. Strong and J. Tim Bryant} } @article {14079, title = {Axing Assumptions: Reconsidering Uses and Users of Fourteenth- to Fifteenth-Century Wendat Ground Stone Celts}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {48}, year = {2024}, pages = {1-36}, abstract = {

Throughout the world, archaeologists traditionally attribute ground stone celts to woodworking and, by extension, to the masculine realm. This paper challenges the application of this universalizing, functionally narrow, and androcentric narrative by engaging with ancestral Wendat (Huron) ground stone celts through the writings of Wendat authors, early contact ethnohistory, ethnoarchaeology, and experimental archaeology. Use-wear analyses conducted on celts sampled from three Wendat villages occupied between the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries reveal traces of different gestures and contact materials. Beyond field clearing and construction, ground stone celts were an integral part of various aspects of ancestral Wendat village life, including the transformation of trees, plants, soils, and animals. By exposing the traces that testify to these various encounters, this article expands ancestral Wendat ground stone celts{\textquoteright} functional and gendered attributions, bringing to light the complex diversity contained within this understudied yet normalized object category.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/48.1.001}, author = {Tiziana Gallo} } @Conference Paper {10835, title = {Anthropological Archaeology at the Gingolx Cemetery}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {This paper explores some of the results of the Gingolx Heritage Restoration Project, a multi-year research/conservation project on the lower Nass River, near the Nisga{\textquoteright}a village of Kincolith (Gingolx). Kincolith was established in 1867 by Christian missionaries to whom traditional Nisga{\textquoteright}a burial practices were seen as pagan. In addition, the missionaries began converting, baptizing, and re-naming the local converts according to the protocol of the British Church Missionary Society. In essence, a Victorian patrilineal system of record keeping and kin reckoning was imposed on the residents of the community, one which continues to this day. However, in traditional Nisga{\textquoteright}a society, descent, inheritance, kin recognition, and rights of possession are centered around matrilineal clans organized into larger phratries. The stylistic, temporal and spatial distributions of the Gingolx Cemetery grave markers provide an interesting window into the organization of traditional Nisga{\textquoteright}a culture and how that may have changed over time.}, author = {GARVIN, Richard} } @Conference Paper {10834, title = {Agricultural Resource Use and Corel/Periphery Relations in the Penoles Region, Oaxaca, Mexico}, year = {1994}, address = {Edmonton}, abstract = {This paper will focus upon prehispanic agricultural resource use in a high altitude, marginal zone of the Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca. The study area is located between 350-400 km south of Mexico City in an area long referred to simply as Los Penoles. The Penoles region forms a boundary zone between the Mixtec culture to the north and west and the Zapotecs of the Valley of Oaxaca to the east. Archaeological survey of the area has revealed a long history of occupation in the region and of contact with neighbours; on all sides. The evidence also points toward the development of a local Penoles polity in the Formative period which by the mid-Postclassic was comparable in size to petty kingdoms which had evolved in the Valley of Oaxaca. The paper explores how the Penoles population was able to support itself in such a marginal environment for agriculture and the nature of their contact with other groups.}, author = {GARVIN, Richard} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9046, title = {Archaeology in Alberta 1983}, volume = {10}, year = {1986}, pages = {225-226}, editor = {Carlos Germann} } @Conference Paper {10872, title = {Archaeological Sites and Forestry Impacts : Developing a Process for Long Term Heritage Management in the Forest Industry / Sites arch{\'e}ologique}, year = {1997}, address = {Saskatoon}, abstract = {In CRM, a distinction is usually made between activities which can cause damage to heritage resources, and the actual damage that is caused. With regard to forestry, this distinction is more often than not lost to most archaeologists. The assumption is made that the forest industry in general will inevitably inflict significant damage to any heritage resources in the forest. However, five years of intensive examination of a wide variety of forestry activities indicates that this is an erroneous assumption. For example, the most visible effect of forestry is the cutting down of trees. Yet, analysis has shown that most ground impact from tree cutting is similar to that experienced by a natural forest fire. This begs the question: if tree cutting doesn{\textquoteright}t cause that much damage, what kinds of activities DO cause impacts, and how can they be effectively managed? In fact, under almost all situations, forestry impacts can be predicted and managed if three requirements can be satisfied: 1) the nature, significance and distribution of local archaeological resources are known 2) industrial forestry practices are identified 3) the relationships between forestry practices and archaeological resources are understood The first requirement is usually dealt with through regional archaeological overviews, often involving predictive modelling. Often as not, however, heritage management stops at that point, and forest industry planners are left dangling, wondering what to do with a heritage overview or potential model. This paper moves past the modelling stage, by addressing the second requirement from the perspective of the commercial forest industry in general, establishing parameters so that the last point can be explored. The result is a management strategy that fits into the integrated resource management operations of current forestry management programs, and can be sustained for centuries of forest practices.}, author = {Terry Gibson} } @Conference Paper {10864, title = {Academy in the Rural Community: The Bodo Research Park}, year = {2005}, address = {Nanaimo}, abstract = {The University of Alberta has been conducting successful archaeological field schools at the prolific Bodo Sites Locality in east central Alberta since 2002. Public interest in the work has continued to escalate, so much so that various levels of government, and politicians, have taken notice. The Bodo Archaeological Society has supported the university work since the society{\textquoteright}s inception in 2003, and has now embarked on an ambitious tourism initiative with a non-archaeological avocational society partner that foresees the Bodo Locality as being a key component of a new regional industry in eastern Alberta. Unfortunately, the University has only been able to conduct field schools at Bodo up to now with the assistance of public and corporate funding, primarily to look after the overwhelming archaeological data recovered from the site every summer.However, the University is committed to developing a growing academic presence in rural Alberta, and public and political pressure is compelling the institution to continue and expand its archaeology program at Bodo. Consequently, the University has requested that some solution be found whereby the institution can maintain its research and teaching in the locality while accommodating expanding public interest and the potential economic development opportunities that will arise. The Bodo Research Park emphasizes university-based research and education in partnership with the community driven goals of the Bodo Archaeological Society. The proposed project is founded upon the idea that archaeological research is interesting to the public whether through passive observation or active participation. The partnership revolves around the University of Alberta providing the research and educational resources and the Bodo Archaeological Society managing and maintaining a public program. This pioneering partnership arrangement is now under review and it is anticipated that the program could begin as early as June 2005.}, author = {Terrance H. Gibson and Elizabeth H. Mann} } @Conference Paper {10874, title = {The Archaeological Exploration of Deer Island, N.B.: History and Recent Research}, year = {2006}, address = {Toronto}, abstract = {The Quoddy Region has the longest history of archaeological exploration of any part of New Brunswick. However, the prehistory of Deer Island, the largest island in the region, has been investigated only sporadically. This is surprising given the extensive collections of prehistoric artifacts held by avocational archaeologists on Deer Island. The presentation will summarize the history of archaeological investigations on Deer Island and report on a current research project being conducted there. Archaeological investigations at the Deer Island Point site (BfDr-5) were conducted in cooperation with a local avocational archaeologist. This multi-component coastal archaeological site which includes intertidal and terrestrial deposits has yielded artifacts spanning the past 4000 years. In addition to furthering archaeological knowledge of the Quoddy Region, the purpose has been to foster cooperative working relationships among professional and avocational archaeologists, landowners and the public.}, author = {Gilbert, Drew and David W. Black} } @Conference Paper {10906, title = {Archaeology and Forestry on the Mid Coast of British Columbia}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {Interfor approaches archaeological issues from three perspectives: (1) legal protection; (2) social impacts on the First Nations and communities in which we work; and (3) forest development planning and issuance of logging permits. At present there is much turmoil and uncertainty as to how to best address archaeological resources in the forest development process. This complex process is evolving and it involves many different people and organizations. Only by taking a proactive role in working with all concerned parties, can companies meet the legal requirements and develop positive and trusting relations with First Nations so that the timely approval of logging permits is assured. On the Mid Coast, the abundance of Culturally Modified Trees (CMTs) is the most common issue that forest managers must address. Currently, the major forest licensees in conjunction with the Ministry of Forests and archaeologists, are working with the local First Nations to develop a practical CMT management protocol. Through this protocol it is envisioned that the First Nations work with the licensees to conduct CMT surveys on areas that meet certain criteria for surveying. Depending on the situation, site specific prescriptions will be jointly developed and this can range from a variety of protection measures to permitted removal of the CMT. The role or archaeologists in this process is seen as providing training for surveyors and to be consulted in situations where it is suspected that there may be additional, more complex archaeological issues in the area.}, author = {GRANANDER, Hans} } @Conference Paper {10920, title = {Annie Lake: A Southern Yukon Mid-Holocene Cultural Complex}, year = {1992}, address = {London}, abstract = {Excavations at the multi-component Annie Lake site, located south of Whitehorse, have produced evidence for at least three occupations before ca. AD 700. The most recent of these has been assigned to the Taye Lake Phase of the Northem Archaic Tradition, while the earliest occupation of the site, a microlithic component, is attributed to the Little Arm Phase. Between these two components a previously unrecognized Yukon point type was recovered. The concave-based lanceolate Annie Lake points cannot be attributed to either of the previously mentioned south Yukon pre- historic cultures. These points have been used to define the Annie Lake Complex, whose age is bracketed to ca. 4400/4900 to 2000 years ago. The Complex is still poorly understood; its relationship to the site{\textquoteright}s earlier and later occupations remains uncertain. Based on the design of the point that marks this cultural complex, extrnal contacts or information exchange with the Canadian Plateau and Plains regions to the south are indicated.}, author = {Sheila Greer} } @article {9604, title = {Annie Lake: A Southern Yukon Mid-Holocene Cultural Complex}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {17}, year = {1993}, pages = {026-042}, abstract = {

Excavations at the multi-component Annie Lake site, located south of Whitehorse, have produced evidence for at least three occupations before ca. A.D. 700. The most recent of these has been assigned to the Taye Lake Phase of the Northern Archaic Tradition, while the earliest occupation of the site, a microlithic component, is attributed to the Little Arm Phase. Between these two components a previously unrecognized Yukon point type was recovered. The deeply concave-based lanceolate Annie Lake points have been used to define the Annie Lake Complex, whose age is bracketed to ca. 4400/4900 to 2000 years ago. Based on the design of the point that marks this cultural complex, external contacts or information exchange with the Canadian Plateau and Plains regions to the south are indicated.

}, author = {Sheila C. Greer} } @article {9608, title = {Assessing Sea Level Changes in the Southern Gulf Islands of British Columbia Using Archaeological Data from Coastal Spit Locations}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {254-280}, abstract = {

An understanding of sea level change is critical for modelling past settlement on the Northwest Coast. While the complex relationship between land and sea has been documented for the Late Glacial and immediate post-glacial period in the Strait of Georgia, limited data exist to characterize more recent changes. Here, a relative sea level model generated for the Gulf Islands National Park Reserve by Fedje et al. (2009) is evaluated with archaeological data from two coastal spit sites in the southern Gulf Islands of British Columbia. Data accord well with the roughly 1.5 meters of sea level rise Fedje et al. posit for the last four millennia. However, sea level change, while substantial over the long term, appears more gradual than punctuated. Moreover, the role of coastal landform development and archaeological site formation processes must be considered to adequately establish relative sea levels changes and how these relate to past human activity in the southern Gulf Islands.

}, author = {Colin Grier and Patrick Dolan and Kelly Derr and McLay, Eric} } @Conference Paper {10940, title = {Artifact Distribution Studies at the Ball Site, Orillia, Ontario}, year = {1993}, address = {Montreal}, abstract = {Recent excavations have demonstrated that the Ball Site, an early 17th century Huron village, had two construction periods. It is hypothesized that there is a temporal as well as a cultural difference between these two periods. This paper looks at the artifacts from both parts of the village in an attempt to explain the temporal and/or cultural differences. Three major artifactual categories are used: ceramics, pipes and trade goods. The actual settlement pattern is utilized as a control. mechanism.}, author = {Knight Dean H. and Allison Bain} } @Conference Paper {10941, title = {The Archaeology of the Pigeon Mountain Basin, Ningxia: Implications for the Paleolithic-Neolithic Transition in North China}, year = {2000}, address = {Ottawa}, abstract = {The Sino-American cooperative research group was created to investigate the transitional adaptation of arid-land hunter-gatherers from Later Paleolithic to Early Neolithic in northern China, and establish a firm chronology for these changes. Toward that end, the group conducted exploratory archaeological research in the Pigeon Mountain basin, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. Our research generally supports the predictions of a model of indigenous cultural development involving rapid technological elaboration and innovation in the production and use of chipped stone tools, and perhaps, ground stone associated with environmental change immediately before, during and immediately after the Younger Dryas interval. Moreover, we provide the first firm dates and chronological framework for these changes. At 12.7ka, microblades struck from boat-shaped and wedge-shaped pebble cores were in use, seed grinding tools were apparently present by 11.6ka, and retouched microblades were in use by 10.2ka. Our work contributes to the ability to recognize tool types and sets of tools diagnostic of the transitional period in Northern China.}, author = {Ha, Yan} } @Conference Paper {10942, title = {Archaeological Overview Assessments (AOAs): An evolving process for managing cultural resources in Forest Management}, year = {1998}, address = {Victoria}, abstract = {AOA projects are initiated by the Forest sector and large scale Provincial strategic planning. AOAs are used as {\textquoteright}management tools{\textquoteright} to direct us towards further archaeological studies such as inventory studies, CMT inventories or impact assessments. One of the problems with the current practice of conducting AOA mapping in the province is that it is usually based on archaeological predictive modelling and was never intended to constitute the final product. The challenge confronting us is how to incorporate new information derived from other archaeological studies into the AOA mapping process and how to ensure Ministry of Forests (MoF) and forest companies can use this information to inform their management decisions. Currently Archaeological Impact Assessments (AIAs) are being conducted throughout the Province at an accelerated rate primarily because of the Forest Practices Code and amended Heritage Conservation Act, but no work is being done to incorporate the results of AIAs (both positive and negative) into existing AOAs. Any attempt to resolve this dilemma must balance the theoretical requirements of potential mapping refinement with higher level planning and the day to day needs of both archaeologists and forest managers. A proposed solution must be both practical from a management perspective while still providing accurate and useful data. One such solution proposed is a provincial tracking system to identify archaeological findings based on the AIA and inventory work that is generated as the result of these studies. Such a tracking system has advantages and disadvantages when examined in regard to province wide implementation. Any potential solution must be judged in light of its intrinsic applicability to the issue of potential mapping veracity and the current conditions affecting forest and cultural resource management in BC.}, author = {HADWAY, Sharon and Mary-Pat MATHERS and Rick HOWARD and Heather Moon} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9155, title = {Archaeology and the Social History of Ships}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {176-178}, editor = {Helen R. Haines} } @article {9612, title = {Archaeological Predictive Modelling in the Boreal Forest: No Easy Answers}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {24}, year = {2000}, pages = {041-076}, abstract = {

Archaeological resources in the Canadian forest regions are threatened by mechanized forest harvest and regeneration activities. Given the huge scale of forestry operations and the current inadequacy of the heritage resource inventory, conventional CRM orientations are inadequate. This has resulted in considerable interest in the application of archaeological predictive models to forest harvest planning. This paper reviews several approaches to predictive modelling, and offers \&$\#$39;cautionary tales\&$\#$39; outlining some of the problems that must be addressed before this methodology is routinely used in forest harvest planning.

}, author = {Scott Hamilton} } @article {9614, title = {Archaeological Site Distributions and Contents: Modeling Late Precontact Blackduck Land Use in the Northeastern Plains}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {93-136}, abstract = {

Late pre-contact Blackduck archaeological sites demonstrate considerable variability in landscape associations across their geographic range. When coupled with ethnohistoric information, a sample of sites from the prairie-parklands of southern Manitoba and the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario suggest divergent land-use strategies and economic orientations. At issue is the development of plausible models that encompass the range of factors affecting Blackduck land use, and which might account for this adaptation variability. This includes consideration of broad-ranging cultural influences, the bio-diversity of the regions considered, and the impacts of the intensely seasonal climate. Also important is the recognition that the contemporary site ecological contexts might be quite different from those that existed at the time of interest. When inter-site differences in land use and economy are considered in terms of seasonally-driven shifts in political economy, less dramatic contrasts between biomes are indicated. Rather than indicating substantive cultural transformation across the biomes, the variability reflects reworking of pre-existing socio-political conditions, coupled with new means and modes of production.

}, author = {Scott Hamilton and James Graham and B.A. Nicholson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9253, title = {Archaeology as a Tool of Civic Engagement}, volume = {32}, year = {2008}, pages = {269-271}, editor = {Margaret G. Hanna} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9174, title = {After Captain Cook: The Archaeology of the Recent Indigenous Past in Australia}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {124-126} } @article {12775, title = {Archaeological Evidence in the Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in Decision}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {44}, year = {2020}, pages = {155-184}, abstract = {

The 2014 Supreme Court of Canada Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in decision provides the first declaration of Aboriginal title to Canadian soil. Aboriginal title requires evidence of continuous, exclusive, and sufficient occupation of a territory. In the earlier trial before the British Columbia Supreme Court the Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in First Nations presented a substantial corpus of archaeological evidence to complement historical evidence, oral histories, and Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in testimony regarding the locations of Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in villages and the type and duration of their occupations. We examined this body of archaeological data in the context of the judicial proceedings to understand which data were considered favourably by the court and why. We found that the trial court accepted archaeological data as evidence of occupation on definite tracts of land at the time of sovereignty, agreeing with the Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in plaintiffs that the evidence met the legal standards for continuous and sufficient occupation. Because the Supreme Court Tsilhqot{\textquoteright}in decision is the paramount statement on Aboriginal title, the treatment and consideration of archaeological data in that decision will likely set standards for and guide improvements to the applications of archaeological data in title cases.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/44.2.155}, author = {Erin A. Hogg and John R. Welch} } @article {11041, title = {An Analysis of the State of Public Archaeology in Canadian Public School Curricula}, volume = {39}, year = {2015}, pages = {327-345}, abstract = {Public support of archaeology is required to have effective heritage legislation and the prevention of site vandalism and looting. One of the best ways for the public to understand the importance of archaeology and heritage conservation is through school-aged education. This paper examines the nature and extent to which archaeology is covered in Canadian public school curricula. To determine the extent of archaeological material in school curricula, Social Studies curricula from each province and territory are examined and critically evaluated. This analysis indicates that archaeology is not often taught in curricula, and when it is taught, lacks a Canadian focus. For further evaluation, these findings are compared to the guidelines developed by the Canadian Archaeological Association (CAA), to determine if its expectations for students{\textquoteright} achievement in archaeology are appropriate and are being met. This research emphasizes the gap between CAA guidelines and Canadian curricula and pinpoints what is lacking in school-aged archaeological education in Canada. }, author = {Erin A. Hogg} } @article {9633, title = {An Analysis of Two Late Archaic Burials from Manitoba: The Eriksdale Site (EfLl{\textendash}1)}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {234-266}, abstract = {

The re-examination of burial material from the Eriksdale site curated in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Manitoba has revealed important insights into the Late Archaic or Middle Precontact Period of the Interlake Region in the Province of Manitoba. The remains from two individuals were analysed along with their associated artifacts. Radiocarbon dates for the individuals provided conventional dates of 3,470 \± 40 years BP and 3700 \± 60 years BP for the two individuals. The impressive array of artifacts associated with the human remains warranted this review and has provided unique insights in the lifestyle of individuals living in this part of the province 3,750 years ago. One of the individuals from the site has the earliest dated Pelican Lake projectile point from Manitoba, predating the generally accepted dates for this point style. The associated artifacts support the claim that during this period there was an increase in the number of continent-wide trade networks that were being established. The assemblage also included unique decorated bird bone tubes that rarely are found in the archaeological record dating to this time period. The origin of the two individuals is uncertain, but both the close proximity of the burials and the fact they are separated by more than two centuries suggest that the area was commonly lived in and traveled.

}, author = {Robert D. Hoppa and Laura Allingham and Kevin Brownlee and Linda Larcombe and Gregory Monks} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {12782, title = {Assembling Archaeology: Teaching, Practice, and Research}, volume = {44}, year = {2020}, pages = {257{\textendash}261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/44.2.257}, editor = {Lesley R. Howse} } @article {9635, title = {Assessing the Archaeological Potential of Urban Areas: Some Preliminary Results from Halifax}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {159-168}, abstract = {

Thearchaeological research conducted for the City of Halifax during the summer of 1985 is outlined in this paper. The work involved: 1) the initiation of an inventory of potential archaeological sites in the City; and 2) an assessment of the archaeological potential of specific Halifax locations. Given the quantity of archival material available on Halifax, identifying past sites and their present-day locations for the archaeological inventory was relatively easy. In order to assess the archaeological potential of the present-day locations a research report format and a point evaluation system were developed. However, it is concluded that far more information on artifact distribution and survival, areas and rates of sedimentation and construction procedures is needed before any accurate pre-excavation evaluations can be made for specific locations. The appointment of a City Archaeologist is recommended.

}, author = {Nicola Hubbard} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9269, title = {Athapaskan Migrations: The Archaeology of Eagle Lake, British Columbia}, volume = {32}, year = {2008}, pages = {153-159}, editor = {John W. (Jack) Ives} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9289, title = {Archaeologies of Materiality}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {119-121}, editor = {Ross Jamieson} } @article {9651, title = {An Archaeological Facilities Master Plan for the Regional Municipality of Waterloo}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {223-224}, author = {Scarlett E. Janusas} } @article {9659, title = {An Arrow from the Tsitsutl Glacier, British Columbia}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {113-123}, abstract = {

An almost complete arrow found in British Columbia in the early 20th century has been re-discovered in the Royal BC Museum collections. Speculation as to its antiquity was tested by radiocarbon dating, which reveals that the artifact was likely made in the middle of the second millennium AD. The arrow was compared to recent finds of both arrows and darts from glaciers and ice patches. The failure of this specimen to clearly fit the criteria of either of these weapon technologies raises some new questions.

}, author = {Grant Keddie and Erle Nelson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9429, title = {Archaeology in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1983}, volume = {8}, year = {1984}, pages = {174-175}, editor = {David L. Keenlyside} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9089, title = {Archaeological Resources in the Maritimes: A Coastal Survey - 1979}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {250}, editor = {David L. Keenlyside} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9031, title = {Archaeology in Alberta: 1980 (J. Brink, ed.) and Archaeology in Alberta: 1981}, volume = {9}, year = {1985}, pages = {195-196}, editor = {Jane Kelly} } @article {9669, title = {Archaeology and Local Governments: The Perspectives of First Nations and Municipal Councillors in the Fraser Valley, B.C.}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {35}, year = {2011}, pages = {258-291}, abstract = {

Local governments are in a position to act as bridges between the publics they represent and the management of archaeological heritage. Since First Nations and municipal councillors in the Fraser Valley, British Columbia, make decisions on behalf of their communities, we focus this paper on their perspectives of archaeology. We surveyed and interviewed local government representatives on seven themes relating to archaeological heritage: Knowledge, Interest and Exposure, Relevance, Value, Protection Issues, Management Responsibility, and Working Together. First Nations and municipal councillors\’ perspectives reveal areas of divergence on the relevance, protection, and management of archaeological heritage, and convergence on the values of archaeology and working together on heritage issues. Although local governments uniquely situate archaeology through distinct views, they can bridge this disconnect through dialogue on shared perspectives. We provide recommendations to encourage this process of communication between First Nations and municipal governments, and their publics, on the management of archaeological heritage.

}, author = {King, Amanda and Dana Lepofsky and David Pokotylo} } @article {9670, title = {Archaeological Resource Management and Forestry in British Columbia}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {22}, year = {1999}, pages = {031-042}, abstract = {

Recent amendments to provincial legislation, the implementation of the Forest Practices Code of British Columbia, and the increased recognition and participation of First Nations has resulted in a need to incorporate archaeological resource management into forestry planning practices. This paper examines the development of archaeological resource management policy and practise in light of these new responsibilities and opportunities with specific reference to the study of culturally modified trees.

}, author = {Olga Klimko and Heather Moon and Doug Glaum} } @article {9673, title = {The Application of X-Ray Flourescence Analysis to Archaeological Samples: A Case Study from Newfoundland and Cape Breton Island}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {342-352}, abstract = {

Although researchers in the Northeast have for decades noticed general similarities in archaeological material from sites in Labrador, Quebec, the Atlantic Provinces, archaeological research has focussed on the behaviour of groups within, rather than across, social boundaries. This has led to a working impression of precontact society as a mosaic of distinct, homogeneous, archaeological cultures (ethnic groups) separated in space and time by impermeable boundaries. This paper explores the potential for identifying precontact social interaction across these boundaries through comparison of similar archaeological lithics obtained from disparate locations in Newfoundland and Cape Breton Island. Though the results of these tests were inconclusive, similar comparative analysis of the geographic distribution of sourced lithic material in archaeological sites is encouraged.

}, author = {Helen Kristmanson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9069, title = {Archaeology and the Media}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {304-308}, editor = {Marina La Salle} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9247, title = {Archaeological Reconnaissance at Great Bear Lake}, volume = {12}, year = {1988}, pages = {226-229}, editor = {Raymond J. LeBlanc} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9250, title = {The Archaeological Northeast}, volume = {26}, year = {2002}, pages = {073-077}, editor = {Kevin Leonard} } @article {9689, title = {An Archaeological Application of Seismic Refraction Profiling Technique}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {2}, year = {1978}, pages = {155-164}, abstract = {

The geophysical technique of refraction seismic profiling can provide archaeologists with a technique useful for both the prior estimation of site volume and the post-excavation interpretation of the sedimentation process at archaeological sites. This technique is not universally applicable, for the determination of depth of deposit depends upon a relatively large density difference between the cultural and sterile soils. This method is especially useful in probing the depth of shell-midden deposits, but has not been applied as yet to other types of low-density cultural deposits. The theory of the method is presented as well as an example from the Glenrose Cannery Site (DgRr-6).

}, author = {Thomas Loy} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11043, title = {Archaeology of the War of 1812}, volume = {39}, year = {2015}, pages = {352-354}, editor = {Henry C. Cary} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {13486, title = {Archaeologies of Indigenous Presence}, volume = {46}, year = {2022}, pages = {209-212}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/46.2.209}, editor = {Natasha Lyons} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9071, title = {Archaeozoological Studies}, volume = {2}, year = {1978}, pages = {170-172}, editor = {Anne M. and John H. Rick} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9036, title = {African Material Culture (Arnoldi, Geary and Hardin, eds.); Traditional Metal Working in Kenya}, volume = {22}, year = {1999}, pages = {081-084}, editor = {Scott MacEachern} } @article {11804, title = {Archaeology and Sea Level Change on the British Columbia Coast}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {074-091}, author = {Quentin Mackie and Daryl Fedje and Duncan McLaren} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9191, title = {Alternative Approaches to Lithic Analysis}, volume = {16}, year = {1992}, pages = {132-134}, editor = {Martin P.R. Magne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9227, title = {Art of the Warriors: Rock Art of the American Plains}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {128-130}, editor = {Martin P.R. Magne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9453, title = {Archaeological Investigations at Cache Creek (EeRh-3)}, volume = {6}, year = {1982}, pages = {229-233}, editor = {Martin Magne} } @article {13796, title = {The Archaeology of Twentieth-Century Drug Paraphernalia at Her Majesty{\textquoteright}s Penitentiary, St. John{\textquoteright}s, Newfoundland and Labrador}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {47}, year = {2023}, pages = {1-22}, abstract = {

The use of cannabis, narcotics, and other intoxicants is widespread within North American prisons, where do-it-yourself instruments are fashioned, used, traded, discarded, and/or confiscated. This cycle contributes to the long-term record of material culture and provides an opportunity to study innovations employed by incarcerated persons. An assemblage of improvised devices for consuming illicit drugs (pipes, syringe, and decoys) from Her Majesty{\textquoteright}s Penitentiary (HMP) in St.\ John{\textquoteright}s, Newfoundland and Labrador, provides an opportunity to explore the culture of twentieth-century drug consumption at an exceptionally long-lived penal institution. The collection of drug paraphernalia dates between 1971 and 1983 and represents a palimpsest of curated items confiscated by correctional officers. By drawing upon actor-network theory and a folkloric approach to the material assemblage, we situate this local assemblage within the larger carceral context wherein individuals {\textquotedblleft}make do.{\textquotedblright} These objects speak to longstanding and widely shared technological traditions, an accomplished do-it-yourself ethic amongst those incarcerated, and the complex entanglement of criminality, carceral practices, and drug use.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/47.1.1}, author = {Madeleine Mant and Akseli Virratvuori and Peter Whitridge and Meghan Burchell} } @article {11116, title = {Archaeology as Partnerships in Practice: A Reply to La Salle and Hutchings}, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {181-204}, author = {Andrew Martindale and Natasha Lyons and George Nicholas and Bill~Angelbeck and Sean P. Connaughton and Colin Grier and James~Herbert and Mike Leon and Yvonne Marshall and Angela Piccini and David M. Schaepe and Kisha Supernant and Gary Warrick} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9265, title = {Archaeology and Colonialism: Cultural Contact from 5000 BC to Present (Chris Gosden) and The Archaeology of Contact in Settler Societies}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {131-136}, editor = {Andrew Martindale} } @article {9703, title = {Archaeology as Federated Knowledge}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {434-465}, abstract = {

The content of archaeological theory is both internally diverse and, as an enterprise, situated within an array of interpretive frameworks that account for and explain history and its source, culture. Contemporary archaeology emerges from various cultural contexts, meaning that our ability to identify vulnerabilities to ethnocentrism may be challenging, if it is even considered. Following feminist and indigenous scholarship, we argue that all archaeology is oriented to some community and propose a taxonomy of archaeologies based on cultural proximity between archaeologist and subject, proximity which itself emerges from philosophical concurrence that we attribute to less-discursive forms of knowledge transmission within and between individuals. We conclude that 1) all archaeological approaches to historical causality can be accommodated within a proximate/ultimate distinction, and 2) that different cultural understandings of history are both historically causal and most productively arranged laterally in a federated scheme. We conclude that the primary archaeological ambition, to understand history, is best served by attention to navigation across these borders.

}, author = {Andrew Martindale and George P. Nicholas} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9264, title = {Archaeological Semiotics}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {143-146}, editor = {Andrew Martindale} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9322, title = {Analysis of Artifacts From Four Duke Point Area Sites, Near Nanaimo, B.C.; an Example of Cultural Continuity in the Southern Gulf of Georgia Region}, volume = {11}, year = {1987}, pages = {197-200}, editor = {R. G. Matson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9314, title = {The Archaeology of North Pacific Fisheries}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, pages = {348-351}, editor = {Alan D. McMillan} } @article {11533, title = {Applying a Bayesian Approach in the Northeastern North American Context: Reassessment of the Temporal Boundaries of the {\textquotedblleft}Pseudo-Scallop Shell Interaction Sphere{\textquotedblright}}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {41}, year = {2017}, pages = {139-172}, abstract = {In Europe, especially for studies focusing on Palaeolithic rock shelters, Bayesian chronological modelling is gaining in popularity. In northeastern North America, conditions are usually less than optimal for applying this type of modelling, as archaeological sites are often poorly stratified and subject to substantial pedoturbation. Notwith-standing these impediments, I show that a Bayesian approach remains applicable, provided sufficient and high quality information pertaining to the stratigraphy and the datable samples is gathered beforehand. This is illustrated through a case study dedicated to the {\textquotedblleft}Pseudo-Scallop Shell (PSS) interaction sphere{\textquotedblright} (M{\'e}hault 2015, 2017). The posterior distributions obtained for each of its 14 regional composites generally exceed the regional start boundaries commonly attached to the Middle Woodland period, suggesting that the PSS interaction sphere overlaps with the preceding period (i.e., Early Woodland). Only in its westernmost expression (i.e., in the Laurel culture) does the PSS interaction sphere seem to persist during the Late Woodland period.}, author = {Ronan M{\'e}hault} } @Symposium Papers {10985, title = {Advances in the Contribution of Physical Anthropology to Archaeology in Canada: the Past Decade}, volume = {6}, year = {1982}, pages = {055-064}, author = {Jerry Melbye} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9295, title = {The Archaeology of the Wenesaga Rapids}, volume = {11}, year = {1987}, pages = {205-209}, editor = {David Meyer} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9292, title = {Alberta Plains Prehistory. A Review and Brink: Dog Days in Southern Alberta}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {248-254}, editor = {David Meyer} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {8997, title = {Aboriginal Resource Use in Canada: Historical and Legal Aspects}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {173-177}, editor = {Laurie A. Milne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9318, title = {The Archaeology of Class in Urban America}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {270-273}, editor = {Laurie Milne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9236, title = {Archaeology on the Edge: New Perspectives from the Northern Plains}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {141-144}, editor = {Laurie Milne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9457, title = {Archaeology on the Great Plains}, volume = {24}, year = {2000}, pages = {211-213}, editor = {Laurie Milne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9441, title = {Archaeological Theory in Practice}, volume = {37}, year = {2013}, pages = {345-348}, editor = {Laurie Milne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9210, title = {The Aboriginal Rock Paintings of The Churchill River}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {110-112}, editor = {Brian Molyneux} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9279, title = {Archaeological Investigations at the Delorme House (DkLg{\textendash}18), 1981}, volume = {8}, year = {1984}, pages = {182-183}, editor = {Gregory G. Monks} } @article {9739, title = {Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Dates on Bones from Old Crow Basin, Northern Yukon Territory}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {14}, year = {1990}, pages = {075-092}, abstract = {

Fifty-five radiocarbon dates have been obtained on 38 specimens of bone, antler, and tusk from the Old Crow region of northern Yukon Territory. The results strengthen chronological control on the local mid-Wisconsinan geological history and contribute to paleobiological studies of the taxa dated. Most of the dates were taken on bones that were altered when fresh in ways suggestive of tool production. We interpret the distribution of these samples as supporting the hypothesis that people lived in eastem Beringia during mid-Wisconsinan time.

}, author = {R.E. Morlan and D.E. Nelson and T.A. Brown and J.S. Vogel and J.R. Southon} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {12866, title = {The Archaeology of Ancient Cities}, volume = {45}, year = {2021}, pages = {104-105}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/45.1.104}, editor = {Giles Spence Morrow} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9317, title = {The Archaeology of Islands}, volume = {32}, year = {2008}, pages = {164-167}, editor = {Madonna L. Moss} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9286, title = {American Industrial Archaeology: A Field Guide}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {119-121}, editor = {Robert J. Muckle} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9204, title = {Ancient North Americans}, volume = {8}, year = {1984}, pages = {079-083}, editor = {Ronald J. Nash} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11254, title = {The Archaeology of the North American Fur Trade}, volume = {40}, year = {2016}, pages = {364{\textendash}366}, editor = {Jeff Seibert} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9035, title = {Alluvial Geoarchaeology: Floodplain Archaeology and Environmental Change}, volume = {24}, year = {2000}, pages = {203-206}, editor = {George P. Nicholas} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9330, title = {Appropriated Pasts: Indigenous Peoples and the Colonial Culture of Archaeology}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {274-277}, editor = {George P. Nicholas} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9034, title = {Alluvial Geoarchaeology: Floodplain Archaeology and Environmental Change}, volume = {22}, year = {1999}, pages = {175-176}, editor = {George P. Nicholas} } @inbook {11030, title = {Appendix I: NOGAP Radiocarbon Dates}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 2}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {213-225}, author = {Compiled By Luc Nolin}, editor = {Jean-Luc Pilon} } @inbook {11028, title = {Archaeological Potential Along the Lower Mackenzie River, N.W.T.: Recent Data and Some Considerations}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 2}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {151-170}, abstract = {The results of recently conducted archaeological surveys in the lower Mackenzie Valley, N.W.T., demonstrate a greater archaeological potential than hitherto assumed. These data modify the widespread view according to which few archaeological sites along the immediate course of the river had actually escaped the ravages of the Mackenzie{\textquoteright}s spectacular spring floods. Archaeological sites were in fact found in a wide variety of locational contexts. Moreover, the quality of that record, when buried under overbank deposits, is superior to that usually found in the interior where soil development is negligible, and the soil chemistry not conducive to organic preservation. In short, the elements needed to write the prehistory of this zone are still accessible.}, author = {Luc Nolin and Jean-Luc Pilon}, editor = {Jean-Luc Pilon} } @inbook {11031, title = {Appendix II: NOGAP Bibliography}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 2}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {227-238}, author = {Compiled By Luc Nolin and Ken Swayze}, editor = {Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9341, title = {Ancient Cahokia and the Mississippians}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {141-142}, editor = {Gerald A. Oetelaar} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9160, title = {Ancestral Appetites: Food in Prehistory}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, pages = {202-205}, editor = {Helen Ohlke} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9038, title = {Ancient South America}, volume = {20}, year = {1996}, pages = {139-141}, editor = {Augusto Oyuela-Caycedo} } @article {9781, title = {Approaches to Dating the Thule Culture in the Eastem Arctic}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {18}, year = {1994}, pages = {029-048}, abstract = {

Change over time is a central factor in most explanations of variability in the sites and artifacts of the Thule culture of the North American Arctic. Three techniques are commonly used to make inferences concerning the age of Thule sites: stratigraphy, seriation, and radiocarbon dating. Each presents difficulties peculiar to Thule sites and materials. Following a review of the use of these techniques in Thule research, this paper tests the usefulness of harpoon heads as chronological indicators.

}, author = {Robert W. Park} } @inbook {11032, title = {Archaeological Investigations at Vihtr{\textquoteright}iitshik (MiTi-1), Lower Mackenzie Valley, 1992}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 2}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {171-192}, abstract = {In 1992, an intensive survey of the MiTi-1 locality recorded 87 concentrations of lithic artifacts exposed on remnant ground surfaces on bench and ridge areas on the west side of Thunder River valley at its confluence with the Mackenzie River Valley. Most of the 25 surface features excavated had lithic artifacts distributed in a collapsed burnt humic layer and the top of the underlying mineral soil. The excavated lithic assemblage includes 98 tools and 36 282 pieces of debitage. The artifact assemblage and hearth features suggest general occupation activities in addition to quarrying and artifact manufacture. The antiquity of the archaeological deposits is undetermined due to a lack of datable material.}, author = {David L. Pokotylo}, editor = {Jean-Luc Pilon} } @article {9799, title = {Archaeological Evidence for Prehistoric Root Gathering in the Southern Interior Plateau of British Columbia: A Case Study from Upper Hat Creek Valley}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {127-157}, abstract = {

Archaeological implications of ethnohistoric Interior Salish Indian root gathering activities are compared to surface survey and excavation data from Upper Hat Creek Valley in southern interior British Columbia. The analysis indicates overall congruity between ethnographic expectations and the archaeological record, although a number of discrepancies suggest that the prehistoric pattern of root utilization was different from the ethnohistoric. A methodology for inferring the function and subsurface structure of pit features from survey data is also described.

}, author = {David L. Pokotylo and Patricia D. Froese} } @Symposium Papers {10968, title = {Archaeological resource inventories: Two case studies from the British Columbia interior plateau}, volume = {8}, year = {1976}, pages = {147-161}, author = {D.~Pokotylo} } @article {9653, title = {Algonquian Culture Development and Archaeological Sequences in Northeastern Ontario}, journal = {Bulletin}, volume = {7}, year = {1975}, pages = {001-053}, author = {John~W.~Pollock} } @article {9801, title = {Archaeology in the Middle Fraser Canyon, British Columbia: Changing Perspectives on Paleoecology and Emergent Cultural Complexity}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {35}, year = {2011}, pages = {143-174}, abstract = {

Archaeological research in the Middle Fraser Canyon of British Columbia offers significant opportunities for advancing our knowledge of the development of dense aggregate villages and complex social relations among hunter-gatherer-fisher peoples. Our research indicates that these villages developed after 2000 cal B.P., grew in size during the subsequent millennium, and developed patterns of inter-household wealth-based inequalities in approximately the final three centuries prior to abandonment. These findings contrast with conclusions drawn by Hayden primarily during the 1980s. Hayden and Mathewes (2009) now offer a broad critique of these results. Given that a new generation of archaeologists is initiating research in the Mid-Fraser, it seems time to review the current state of knowledge and to outline new theoretical models, hypotheses, and methodological approaches (e.g., application of applied geophysics to Mid-Fraser village investigations) to help guide the development of research in the twenty-first century.

}, author = {Anna Marie Prentiss and James C. Chatters and Natasha Lyons and Lucille E. Harris} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9342, title = {Archaeological Curatorship}, volume = {17}, year = {1993}, pages = {127-129}, editor = {John Priegert} } @article {9812, title = {The Archaeology of the Dunsmore Site: 15th-Century Community Transformations in Southern Ontario}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {001-061}, abstract = {

Located in southern Simcoe County, Ontario, the Dunsmore site is a two-hectare, mid- to late 15th-century Iroquoian settlement that had a complex history-one that may have included both seasonal tenancies and year-round occupations. The settlement appears to have served as both a seasonal fishing camp and a semi-permanent agricultural village, perhaps involving members of several different communities. Through a review of the settlement pattern, artefacts, and subsistence data recovered from Dunsmore, an attempt is made to explore the role of such sites in the general trend towards community amalgamation, which is one of the hallmarks of 15th-century Iroquoian socio-political organization.

}, author = {David A. Robertson and Ronald F. Williamson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11543, title = {Alberta{\textquoteright}s Lower Athabasca Basin: Archaeology and Palaeoenvironments}, volume = {41}, year = {2017}, pages = {347-352}, editor = {Martin P. R. Magne} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9380, title = {Archaeologies of Complexity}, volume = {28}, year = {2004}, pages = {397-399}, editor = {Robert M. Rosenswig} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9146, title = {"An Appearance of Strength" The Fortifications of Louisbourg}, volume = {13}, year = {1989}, pages = {250-253}, editor = {George A. Rothrock} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9145, title = {"An Appearance of Strength": The Fortifications of Louisbourg}, volume = {9}, year = {1985}, pages = {192-194}, editor = {Reg Roy} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9389, title = {Archaeology in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1982}, volume = {8}, year = {1984}, pages = {172-174}, editor = {David Sanger} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11937, title = {Archaeological Perspectives on the French in the New World}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {267-269}, editor = {Sara J. Beanlands} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9028, title = {The Ancient Maya of Mexico: Reinterpreting the Past of the Northern Maya Lowlands}, volume = {38}, year = {2014}, pages = {368-370}, editor = {Jeffrey Seibert} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9125, title = {Archaeological Perspectives on Political Economies}, volume = {29}, year = {2005}, pages = {326-329}, editor = {Jeffrey Seibert} } @article {9784, title = {Archaeological investigations at Blue Jackets Creek, FlUa{\textendash}4, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, 1973}, journal = {Bulletin}, volume = {6}, year = {1974}, pages = {163-205}, author = {Patricia~D.~S.~Severs} } @article {11806, title = {Ancient DNA Analysis in Canada: Current Applications and Future Potential}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {101-114}, author = {Camilla F. Speller} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {13487, title = {The Archaeology of the Atlantic Northeast~}, volume = {46}, year = {2022}, pages = {213-214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51270/46.2.213}, editor = {Arthur Spiess} } @article {9841, title = {Archaeology and the Policy Sciences}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {12}, year = {1988}, pages = {065-085}, abstract = {

In this moment of its evolution, Canadian archaeology\&$\#$39;s furtherance is not so much determined by substantive advances to knowledge but by effective participation in the formation of public policy. This recognition is crucial as archaeologists work to establish national heritage legislation in a conservative political environment and an austere economic one. The importance of public policy-making processes has been reinforced by recent reflexive studies which have exposed archaeology\&$\#$39;s myth-making and ideological roles. Deconstructing ethnic stereotypes of Canada\&$\#$39;s first peoples and the historical certitudes implicitly justifying social and economic inequalities requires the discipline\&$\#$39;s active intervention in contemporary society. An understanding of policy sciences, an applied and theoretical field concerned with how social choices are made, can assist archaeology as it leaves the cross-roads to become a mature, reflexive and more socially relevant profession.

}, author = {Brian Spurling} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9404, title = {Antiquities Under Siege: Cultural Heritage Protection After the Iraq War}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {322-324}, editor = {Robert J. Stark} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11946, title = {Archaeology of Domestic Architecture and the Human Use of Space}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {298-300}, editor = {Jeff Seibert} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9407, title = {Archaeological Sediments in Context}, volume = {9}, year = {1985}, pages = {094}, editor = {Barbara Stucki} } @inbook {11033, title = {Archaeological Site Distributions on the South Coast of Devon Island, High Arctic Canada}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 1}, volume = {1}, year = {1991}, pages = {131-142}, abstract = {Helicopter and foot surveys carried out in 1985 and 1987 by the NOGAP-Archaeology Project, covered most of the southern coast of Devon Island. The 269sites recorded represent all known periods of prehistoric and historic occupation of the High Arctic. Analysis of the distribution of components suggests that coastal locations close to the mouths of bays and fiords were favoured by most prehistoric occupants of the area. Palaeo-Eskimo occupations appear to have been more heavily concentrated in the western portions of the coast, and Dorset occupations were particularly associated with the inner coasts of the large bays of southwestern Devon Island. Neo-Eskimo occupations were more evenly distributed throughout the survey area. It is postulated that these distributions can be best explained in terms of access to different sea ice environments and the sea mammals associated with these environments.}, author = {Patricia D. Sutherland}, editor = {Jacques Cinq-Mars and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @article {9868, title = {Archaeology and Anthropology: Current and Future Relations}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {13}, year = {1989}, pages = {001-011}, abstract = {

In recent years archaeological findings have become more important for understanding ethnographical data. Yet archaeologists remain a minority in most anthropology departments in Canada and the United States. This paper discusses the basis on which a new relationship between archaeologists and ethnologists could be established that would be of general benefit to anthropology.

}, author = {Bruce G. Trigger} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9275, title = {Archaeological Survey of Canada Annual Reviews 1980{\textendash}1981}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {123-124}, editor = {Christopher J. Turnbull} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9304, title = {Archaeology, the Paleolithic of Northeast Asia, a Non-Tropical Origin for Humanity, and the Earliest Stages of the Settlement of America}, volume = {32}, year = {2008}, pages = {285-288}, editor = {Christy G. Turner II} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11544, title = {An Anthropologist{\textquoteright}s Arrival: A Memoir}, volume = {41}, year = {2017}, pages = {353-355}, editor = {Laurie Milne} } @inbook {11013, title = {Accelerator Radiocarbon Dates from the NOGAP Archaeology Project}, booktitle = {CAA Occasional Paper No. 1}, volume = {1}, year = {1991}, pages = {143-147}, abstract = {The technique of accelerator mass spectrometry was used to provide radiocarbon ages for 31 bone, antler and wood samples. The samples were sufficiently large (0.25 - 2g) and well-preserved that routine preparative procedures could be used. We encountered no unusual problems, and so we are confident that the results obtained are reliable.}, author = {John S. Vogel and Thomas A. Brown and John R. Southon and D. Erle Nelson}, editor = {Jacques Cinq-Mars and Jean-Luc Pilon} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9384, title = {Archaeological Metrology: English, French, American and Canadian Systems of Weights and Measures for North American Historical Archaeology}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {124-126}, editor = {Heinz W, Pyszczyk} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9173, title = {Assessing Site Significance: A Guide for Archaeologists and Historians}, volume = {26}, year = {2002}, pages = {225-228}, editor = {Dale Walde} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9331, title = {At a Crossroads: Archaeology and First Peoples in Canada}, volume = {27}, year = {2003}, pages = {137-143}, editor = {Gary Warrick} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9127, title = {The Archaeology of Native-Lived Colonialism: Challenging History in the Great Lakes}, volume = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {125-127}, editor = {Gary Warrick} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9449, title = {Archaeology Matters: Action Archaeology in the Modern World}, volume = {33}, year = {2009}, pages = {325-327}, editor = {Gary Warrick} } @article {11798, title = {Archaeological Heritage Management: The Last and Next Half Century}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {013-019}, author = {Ronald F. Williamson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9350, title = {African Archaeology}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {189-191}, editor = {Pamela R. Willoughby} } @article {9882, title = {An Athabaskan Hypothesis}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d{\textquoteright}arch{\'e}ologie}, volume = {3}, year = {1979}, pages = {033-040}, abstract = {

Two major routes for the southward migration of the southern Athabaskans have been suggested, one through the Plains, the other through the Plateau. The evidence for each of these routes is assessed, and strengths and weaknesses noted. It is suggested that in fact both routes were used, with a complex pattern of divergence and merging at different times and places during the migration.

}, author = {Roscoe Wilmeth} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9165, title = {Art of the Mammoth Hunters: The Finds from Avdeevo}, volume = {21}, year = {1998}, pages = {163-166}, editor = {Lucy Wilson} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9374, title = {The Archaeologist{\textquoteright}s Manual for Conservation: A Guide to Non-Toxic, Minimal Intervention Artifact Stabilization}, volume = {30}, year = {2006}, pages = {154-157}, editor = {Barbara Winter} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {11944, title = {Applied Zooarchaeology: Five Case Studies}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, pages = {287-293}, editor = {Trevor J. Orchard} } @article {9646, title = {Archaeological taxonomy: Apples and oranges}, journal = {Bulletin}, volume = {6}, year = {1974}, pages = {206-209}, author = {James V. Wright} } @Book Reviews/Comptes-rendus {9118, title = {The Archaeology of Southern Ontario to A.D. 1650}, volume = {16}, year = {1992}, pages = {118-120}, editor = {Milton J. Wright} }