Christian Island: A comparative analysis of osteological and archaeological evidence - Shelley R. Saunders; Dean Knight; Michael Gates (Bulletin, 1974)

Subadult Mortality and Skeletal Indicators of Health in Late Woodland Ontario Iroquois - Shelley R. Saunders; F. Jerome Melbye (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1990)
It has been demonstrated that there is an association between low cross-sectional cortical bone volumes, growth retardation and health stress in subadult skeletal samples of past populations. In addition, previous research has detected significantly low percent cortical areas in several subadult age categories, particularly two to four year olds. An examination of children's bones from two southern Ontario Late Woodland ossuaries identified a lack of infants under six months, which reflects interment bias, and high proportions of two to three year olds, an observation which is supported by ethnohistoric accounts of feeding practices. The two to three year old groups have significantly lower percent cortical areas compared to the rest of the children. It is still not clear whether this abundance of stressed weanlings reflects nutritionally compromised populations.

Range extensions of vertebrate faunal species by archaeological site findings - Howard Savage (Bulletin, 1971)

L'archéologue et la conservation. Vade mecum québécois. - Mario Savard (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1994)

The Strong Case Approach in Behavioral Archaeology - Rebecca L. Bourgeois (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2019)

1971 site survey in Cumberland Sound, Baffin Island: Preliminary report - Peter Schledermann (Bulletin, 1971)

Prehistoric Demographic Trends in the Canadian High Arctic - P. Schledermann (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1978)
Recent archaeological field studies in the Canadian Arctic Islands have resulted in the recording of a large number of previously unreported sites. Fifty-seven of these sites, from the McDougall Sound region, have been plotted in relation to their location above present sea level. The temporal and spatial distribution of these sites, as well as their material content, suggests a greater continuity and density of human occupation in the High Arctic than previous evidence has indicated.

The Goddess and the Bull; Çatalhöyük: An Archaeological Journey to the Dawn of Civilization - Rick Schulting (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)

The Hair of the Dog: The Identification of a Coast Salish Dog-Hair Blanket from Yale, British Columbia - Rick Schulting (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1994)
This paper deals with the identification of a textile recovered in an archaeological context from the vicinity of Yale, British Columbia (site DkRi-63). While ethnographic and ethnohistoric accounts of the Coast Salish frequently mention a special breed of domestic dog whose hair was extensively utilised in the manufacture of blankets, definite identification of an existing blanket in which dog hair is an important con- stituent has been elusive. Given the deterioration of the diagnostic cuticle pattern, a different approach is taken in the identification of the fibres in this study. Stable carbon isotope analysis of the blanket reveals that the hairs are those of an animal which gained a considerable amount of its protein from marine sources (X d13C=-15.1%. Comparison of the d13C values from the blanket fibres to those of the bones of domestic dogs from archaeological sites and to control samples strongly suggests that the specimen is indeed a Salish dog-hair blanket. Some of the implications of this finding are briefly discussed.

A Probable Case of Tuberculosis from a Burial Cave in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island - Rick J. Schulting; Alan D. McMillan (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1995)

Soils in Archaeology, Landscape Evolution and Human Occupation - Charles Schweger (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1993)

Archaeological Perspectives on the French in the New World - Sara J. Beanlands (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2018)

Variation in Soil pH at the Eighteenth-Century Rochefort Point Cemetery and Its Relationship to Mortuary Practices and Previous Site Use - Amy B. Scott; Mattia Fonzo (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2019)
This study compares soil acidity and skeletal preservation at the eighteenthcentury Fortress of Louisbourg. Soil acidity was tested in 60 individual burials using a Lusterleaf 1612 Rapitest soil pH kit. These results were then compared to skeletal preservation, coffin use, and burial depth. pH levels ranged between 4.5 (acid) to 7.5 (alkaline). There was a clear correlation between increased skeletal preservation and more neutral pH, as expected. Additionally, mortuary treatment and burial depth were also correlated with soil pH, where individuals interred in a coffin or at deeper depths saw increased soil acidity. The location of these interments in relation to homestead features and defunct lime kilns also likely influenced this pH variability. This study highlights the need to consider previous site use and mortuary practices when assessing differential skeletal preservation in complex cemetery assemblages.

Prospection archéophysique sur des sites historiques à l'île d'Orléans - Maurice K. Séguin; Daniel Laroche (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1980)
Confronted with the dangers of destruction of many important archaeological sites on Orleans Island by urban expansion, road construction, farming development and in view of the increasing costs of specialized manpower, a quick and ecomical way of detecting and locating archaeological remains is an imperative. Shallow depth geophysical prospecting using electrical resistivity and magnetic methods are eventual solutions to this problem and this is why these methods were used in parallel with standard archaeological techniques on Orleans Island. After two years of preliminary experience related to archaeogeophysical searches carried out on Orleans Island, it is now worthwhile to present some of the results obtained. These results turned out to be conclusive and are worth being giving particular attention to in the near future. The geophysical methods have the advantage of being non-destructive and allow the acquisition of pre-knowledge of the archaeological content in order to determine as precisely as possible the location of excavations which have been voluntarily restricted on Orleans Island.

The Ancient Maya of Mexico: Reinterpreting the Past of the Northern Maya Lowlands - Jeffrey Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2014)

The Idea of Cultural Heritage (Revised edition) - Jeffrey Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2012)

The Political Landscape: Constellations of Authority in Early Complex Polities - Jeffrey Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2004)

Archaeological Perspectives on Political Economies - Jeffrey Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2005)

From Colonization to Domestication: Population, Environment and the Origins of Agriculture in Eastern North America - Jeff Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2022)

Multispecies Archaeology - Samuel Seuru (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)

Archaeological investigations at Blue Jackets Creek, FlUa–4, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, 1973 - Patricia D. S. Severs (Bulletin, 1974)

Hunting Caribou: Subsistence Hunting along the Northern Edge of the Boreal Forest - Thomas D. Andrews (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2016)

Current Palaeoethnobotany - C. Thomas Shay (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1990)

Works in Stone: Contemporary Perspectives in Lithic Analysis - Alexandra Sumner (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2015)

Introduction to papers on archaeologieal resource management and conservation archaeology - Bjorn O. Simonsen (Bulletin, 1976)

Papers on Central Coast Archaeology - Bjorn O. Simonsen (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Patterns of Activity-induced Pathology in a Canadian Inuit Population - Mark Skinner (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Dental Evidence for Delayed Burial - Mark Skinner (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1988)

Evidence of California-Area Abalone Shell in Haida Trade and Culture - N.A. Sloan (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)
Abalone (Haliotis spp.) shell was a trade commodity in northwestern North American and part of a marine shell trade that also included tusk shell (Dentalium spp.) and olive snail (Olivella spp.). The occurrence of abalone trade shell in Haida art, language, and family crest usage demonstrates, at a minimum, an appreciable influence of the abalone shell trade in the post-contact era. However, despite archaeological evidence that trade in other shells regionally extends back at least 7,000 years, radiocarbon dating of California-area abalone trade shells excavated from the Haida village of Kiusta in northern Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) reveals them to be post-contact only. Compared to California-area abalone, the poor quality of local northern abalone (H. kamtschatkana kamtschatkana) shell may have accounted for their infrequent use. This paper reviews the post-contact abalone shell trade in southern British Columbia and Washington, and offers speculation on its pre-contact manifestation.

Recent Developments in the Archaeology of the Princess Point Complex in Southern Ontario - David G. Smith; Gary Crawford (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1997)
The transition from the Middle to Late Woodland in Ontario and the origins of horticulture in the Northeast Woodlands are the subject of a multidisciplinary research program begun in 1993. To date, the primary focus of this research is the Princess Point Complex (A.D. 500-1000) of south- central Ontario. Excavations have been conducted at three sites (Grand Banks, Lone Pine and Young 1) in the Cayuga area of the Lower Grand River Valley and at two sites, Bull's Point (AhGx-9) and Bull's Cove(AhGx-365), in Cootes Paradise at the west end of Lake Ontario. The work firmly establishes the presence of maize (Zea mays) on Princess Point sites and counters the argument that Princess Point people were displaced by southern migrants at ca. A.D. 900. We have clarified the chronology of Princess Point and the introduction of maize to the Northeast by generating the earliest AMS radiocarbon dates (early sixth century A.D.) on maize from the Northeast. Site formation processes on the floodplain of the Grand River have been examined in detail at the Grand Banks site, and indicate that year-round occupation of this type of locale is not out of the question. This paper summarizes past research on Princess Point, details the work that we have conducted over the past three years, and presents a revised overview of Princess Point and its implications for our understanding of the origins and development of food production in the Northeast Woodlands.

Tram and Cameron: Two Early Contact Era Seneca Site. Vol.II. - Sheryl Smith (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1995)

Solicited Dialogue on "A Never Ending Story" - Elizabeth Snow (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1994)

The Evolution of Maritime Cultures on the Northeast and the Northwest Coasts of America - Dean R. Snow (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1984)

Maritime Provinces Prehistory - Dean Snow (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1986)

Historical Archaeology in Global Perspective - Stanley South (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1992)

A Post-Glacial Record of 14C Reservoir Ages for the British Columbia Coast - John Southon; Daryl Fedje (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)
Radiocarbon is significantly depleted in the surface waters of the subpolar North Pacific, including those of the Northwest Coast, due to strong upwelling of old' subsurface water. As a result, North Pacific shell, fishbone, and other marine materials have radiocarbon ages 600-1,000 years older than those of coeval terrestrial material. It is usually assumed that this reservoir age has remained constant over time, except inasmuch as it is affected by known variations in atmospheric 14C levels. This assumption is critical, but few opportunities have arisen to test it. In this study, we have measured the differences between radiocarbon ages of wood and shell pairs collected from natural beach deposits and archaeological midden sites in British Columbia to develop a record of reservoir ages extending back 10,700 radiocarbon years (ca. 12,900 calendar years). The results show that reservoir ages have been relatively constant over this period.'

Ancient DNA Analysis in Canada: Current Applications and Future Potential - Camilla F. Speller (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2018)

The Lafarge Burial: An Early Expression of Intercommunity Conflict in Southwestern Ontario - Michael W. Spence; Jim Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2015)
The Lafarge site consists solely of the burial of a young adult man. Four projectile points found with the skeleton can each be associated with traumatic lesions in the bones, showing that he had been struck by four projectiles coming from behind him. Two ribs were also badly fractured and there are scalping cuts on the frontal and left temporal bones. The forms and materials of the points suggest that the assailants were Princess Point people or people from the early Glen Meyer period, but the identity of the victim is unknown. The scalping indicates that he must have been from a different community, but there is no reason to assume that community was distant or culturally distinct from that of his assailants. The isolated location of the burial is early evidence of the fear of the spirits of those killed in combat.

Fluorine Dating in an Ontario Burial Site - Michael W. Spence; Siegfried G. Wall; Roger H. King (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1981)
The Bruce Boyd site of Ontario produced both Early Woodland (500 B.C.) and Late Woodland (A.D. 1000) burials. Still others, however, cannot be assigned to either period. To date these, the fluorine contents of 36 samples of bone were analyzed using a recently developed microchemical technique. Samples of cranial bone showed a strong correlation with age, allowing several samples of unknown date to be assigned to one or the other component. In order for the technique to be effective, though, a number of variables must be controlled, in particular the type and condition of the bone and the nature and fluorine content of the soil environment.

From the Arctic to Avalon: Papers in Honour of Jim Tuck - Arthur E. Spiess (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)

The Archaeology of the Atlantic Northeast - Arthur Spiess (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2022)

Pithouses and People: Social Identity and Pithouses in the Harrison River Valley of Southwestern British Columbia - Chris Springer; Dana Lepofsky (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2011)
Among the Coast Salish of the Lower Fraser River Watershed and its tributaries, as elsewhere on the Northwest Coast, the built environment was fundamental to cultural expression. The construction and continued maintenance of houses in particular, both informed and reflected the social identity of households. For this study, we excavated the remains of a small, isolated pithouse in the Harrison River Valley, the traditional territory of the Chehalis (Sts’ailes) Coast Salish where evidence of two occupations, spanning almost 300 years, reflected a long-term connection to place. For the purpose of this paper, we link the spatial and temporal data of our archaeological investigation to insights gained from regional ethnographic sources and local indigenous knowledge. Taken together, these lines of evidence allowed us to make inferences about the identities of the pithouse occupants and to recognize the importance of the built environment as a vehicle for communicating social relations.

On Some Distributions of the Oxbow 'Complex' - Brian E. Spurling; Bruce F. Ball (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1981)
Using Principal Component and Trend Surface analyses, the authors attempt to determine the underlying structure of Oxbow sites, and to analyse the distribution of those sites in time and space. Their results suggest that Oxbow technology originally entered the Canadian grasslands 5000 years ago from both the southwestern foothills and the southeastern prairies. The development of adaptive strategies involving seasonal use of the boreal forest and parkland zones allowed the eventual full-time colonization of these zones by Oxbow groups.

Archaeology and the Policy Sciences - Brian Spurling (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1988)
In this moment of its evolution, Canadian archaeology's furtherance is not so much determined by substantive advances to knowledge but by effective participation in the formation of public policy. This recognition is crucial as archaeologists work to establish national heritage legislation in a conservative political environment and an austere economic one. The importance of public policy-making processes has been reinforced by recent reflexive studies which have exposed archaeology's myth-making and ideological roles. Deconstructing ethnic stereotypes of Canada's first peoples and the historical certitudes implicitly justifying social and economic inequalities requires the discipline's active intervention in contemporary society. An understanding of policy sciences, an applied and theoretical field concerned with how social choices are made, can assist archaeology as it leaves the cross-roads to become a mature, reflexive and more socially relevant profession.

Upon a Point: a Preliminary Investigation of Ethnicity as a Source of Metric Variation in Lithic Projectile Points - Brian E. Spurling (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1986)

Indicators for Interactions from Legacy Worked and Unworked Faunal Assemblages from the Quackenbush Site, a Late Woodland Site in the Kawartha Lakes Region, Ontario - Christian Gates St-Pierre; Suzanne Needs-Howarth; Marie-Ève Boisvert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)
The Quackenbush site (BdGm-l) is located in what is now Ontario, at the northeastern limit of the area known to have been occupied by the Huron-Wendat pre-dispersal and visited by the Anishinaabeg of the Canadian Shield. Excavations of portions of the site half a century ago uncovered parts of three longhouses and midden deposits. We generated the data presented here as part of a larger scholarly effort aimed at analyzing and writing up all of the material culture from the site. We investigate ways in which faunal remains can be used to inform on the nature of the activities conducted at the site and to trace past interactions between the site’s occupants and people living on the Canadian Shield and in the St. Lawrence Valley at that time, finding tentative evidence for the former and more conclusive evidence for the latter. We hypothesize that people originating from the St. Lawrence Valley were present at the Quackenbush site and making bone artifacts as a way of maintaining or negotiating identity.

Travaux archéologiques récents sur les Hurons-Wendat et les Iroquoiens du Saint-Laurent : Introduction - Christian Gates St-Pierre; Alicia L. Hawkins; Louis Lesage (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)

Current Archaeology of the Huron-Wendat and the St. Lawrence Iroquoians: Introduction - Christian Gates St-Pierre; Alicia L. Hawkins; Louis Lesage (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)

Nouvelles données sur l’utilisation préhistorique de la cornéenne par les Amérindiens du Québec méridional - Christian Gates St-Pierre; Adrian L. Burke; Gilles Gauthier; Greg Kennedy (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2012)
Hornfels is a lithic material frequently discovered on prehistoric sites in southern Quebec. It is commonly associated with Terminal Archaic (or “post-laurentian” Archaic [4500–3000 B.P.]) occupations, but this study demonstrates that such an association can be misleading. The results of the physical and chemical analyses presented here also indicate that Mont Royal, a small hill located in the city of Montreal, is the most probable source of hornfels used in prehistoric times. Outcrops of hornfels exist on some other Monteregian Hills, but to this day there are no archaeological indications that they were exploited by aboriginal groups.

Les pointes en os biseautées des Iroquoiens - Christian Gates St-Pierre (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2015)
The McDonald and Droulers sites, located in Southwestern Quebec, are village settlements of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians dating from the fifteenth century A.D. The collections from these sites contain a group of 11 bone projectile points cynlindrical in shape, hollowed, with a concave base and a beveled distal end. An interregional comparison of Iroquoian assemblages of bone artifacts allows the recognition of a type of point that appears to be characteristic of, but not necessarily exclusive to, the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, while the variant showing a straight base is more common on sites occupied by the Hurons or ancestral Hurons

A Detailed Stratigraphy of the Woodpecker Island Section and Commentary on the Taber Child Bones - A. MacS. Stalker (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)
Excavations at the Woodpecker Island Site during the summer of 1979 have permitted a much more detailed description of the site's geology than was previously possible. The Taber Child bones came from alluvium in the lower part of a unit that records a transition from non-glacial sediments at the bottom to glacial outwash, combined with alluvium, at the top. These latter deposits were laid down close to an advancing glacier and are directly overlain by glacial deposits, including four till sheets of classical Wisconsin Age. Stratigraphy and the condition and preservation of the bones, along with type and cementation of the sand matrix that surrounded them, all indicate that the bones are old and were laid down before advance of the last glacier. Indeed, a source for the bones higher in the section seems precluded. The small amount of bone present, its porosity and the preservatives applied to it, debar its dating by normal radiocarbon or amino acid methods.

The Swift Creek Gift: Vessel Exchange on the Atlantic Coast - Kora Stapelfeldt (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2011)

Cosmopolitan Archaeologies - Robert Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2011)

Human Variation in the Americas: The Integration of Archaeology and Biological Anthropology - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2012)

Controversies in Archaeology - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2010)

Birds - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2010)

Antiquities Under Siege: Cultural Heritage Protection After the Iraq War - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)

The Return of Cultural Treasures (3rd Edition) - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

The Quality of the Archaeological Record - Stark, Robert James (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2020)

Spectacular Flops: Game-Changing Technologies that Failed - Robert James Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)

Burial Terminology: A Guide for Researchers - Robert J. Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

The Compensations of Plunder: How China Lost Its Treasures - Robert James Stark (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2022)

Archaeology of Domestic Architecture and the Human Use of Space - Jeff Seibert (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2018)

Studies in West Patricia Archaeology, Number Three 1980–81 - Jack Steinbring (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1984)

The Wakimika Lake Petroglyph Site in Northeastern Ontario - Jack Steinbring; Dagmara Zawadzka (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2019)
The Wakimika Petroglyph site located in northeastern Ontario is a rare rock art site within the Canadian Shield that exhibits stylistic similarities with petroglyph sites of the Lake-of-the-Woods style. This style, identified at the Mud Portage site in northwestern Ontario, has been linked with rock art that could date to between 3000–5000 BCE. The Wakimika petroglyphs are located in the Temagami area that is rich in pictograph sites. On the basis of pictorial content and execution, it is argued that these two types of rock art (petroglyphs and pictographs) did not fulfill the same functions and that the difference between them might stem from the different type of knowledge that these places conveyed.

Stir It Up, Little Darlin’: The Chipped Stone from Mixed Deposits from Caves Branch Rockshelter, Belize - W. James Stemp; Gabriel D. Wrobel; Jaime J. Awe; Kelly Payeur (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2013)
This paper discusses the analysis of the chipped chert and obsidian assemblage excavated from Caves Branch Rockshelter (CBR) and provides a reconstruction of the patterns of lithic reduction and tool use. This small rockshelter, located in the Caves Branch River Valley of central Belize, was primarily used as a burial location by local Maya communities from the Protoclassic to Terminal Classic periods (A.D. 80–950). However, both natural and cultural forces have badly disturbed and mixed deposits from different contexts within the site, thus severely hampering our ability to document the original deposition locations of lithic artifacts. The results of our analyses, which focused on the entire assemblage, demonstrated that reduction strategies varied by raw material type and provided evidence for some formal tool repair and expedient tool production. Based on use-wear analysis results, tools appear to have been mostly used for a variety of primarily daily domestic functions. We suspect the ancient Maya also used chert and obsidian artifacts as ritual objects, such as grave goods, offerings, and for sacrificial blood-letting, in CBR.

Recent Archaeological Investigations in Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, N.W.T - Douglas R. Stenton (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1987)
Archaeological research in the upper part of Frobisher Bay has revealed 16 new sites and nearly 4,000 years of culture history. This paper summarizes the excavations conducted between 1979 and 1984 at a large Thule winter village site at Peale Point (KkDo-1). Artifact analysis indicates that the site was occupied between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries A.D. despite projected resource fluctuations. Reconstructed subsistence practices demonstrate a reliance on localized resources, with little or no dependence on breathing hole sealing during the winter.

The Ruin Islanders: Early Thule Culture Pioneers in the Eastern High Arctic - Douglas R. Stenton (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1990)

An Introduction to Canadian Archaeology - Frances L. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1977)

Floating for Fauna: Some Methodological Considerations Using the Keffer Site (AkGv–14) Midden 57 Faunal Sample - Frances L. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1991)
The faunal remains from the largest midden on the Keffer site (AkGv-14), a Southern Division Huron village located just north of Toronto, are described. This site was occupied during the early sixteenth century and possibly the very late fifteenth century. All five vertebrate classes were represented in the 9,243 faunal remains excavated from Midden 57 with fish being by far the most frequent. This material is significant for methodological reasons. A comparison of the flotation sample remains with those from the screened only samples showed great differences. This has important implications for future excavations and for comparisons using existing faunal reports.

Faunal remains from the Wigwam Brook site (DfAf–1) of Newfoundland - Frances L. Stewart (Bulletin, 1973)

Caribou Inuit Traders of the Kivalliq Nunavut, Canada - Andrew M. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2013)

Sex and Gender in Paleopathological Perspective - Frances L. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2000)

The Boardwalk and Grassy Bay Sites: Patterns of Seasonality and Subsistence on the Northern Northwest Coast, B.C. - Frances Stewart; Kathlyn Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1996)
The northern Northwest coast has long been the focus of archaeological investigation, but while the material culture has been well documented, only recently has the time depth of exploitation and seasonality of coastal subsistence resources been investigated. Analysis was conducted of over 20,000 faunal specimens from the Boardwalk site, and over 2,000 specimens from the Grassy Bay site, both located on or near Prince Rupert Harbour, B.C. Analysis indicated that prehistoric subsistence patterns differ from those recorded for the Coast Tsimshian in historic times. Boardwalk was occupied back at least to 4200 BP, and was a large village with year-round occupation. Its inhabitants hunted a large variety of birds, and land and sea mammals. Grassy Bay was occupied from about 1615 to 620 BP, and was a predominantly seasonal summer camp, with inhabitants taking mainly the rhinoceros auklet, and in later levels, sea mammals. At about 1900 to 1600 BP, the appearance of the Grassy Bay site and at least two other Prince Rupert Harbour sites indicate an apparent population increase. These sites had a more seasonal subsistence focus than seen at Boardwalk. This trend towards more seasonal settlements apparently intensified, resulting in the large seasonal population movements recorded in historic times.

The Turner Farm Fauna: 5000 Years of Hunting and Fishing in Penobscot Bay, Maine - Frances L. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2004)

Recognition of Northern Plano in the Context of Settlement in the Central Northwest Territories: Developing a Technological Approach - Andrew Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1991)
Most Northern Plano occupations in north-central Canada have been found in multi-component sites representing several cultural periods. The Northern Plano period is usually distinguished by lanceolate projectile points. These artifacts may not suffice, however, to identify sites used exclusively by Northern Plano people because the points are finished or reworked, and thus represent only the end part of a bifacial reduction sequence, and because they may be confused with Middle Taltheilei points. A preliminary comparison between the Northern Plano Grant Lake site in the N.W.T. and the Middle Taltheilei component of the nearby Migod site suggests that production variables of large flakes struck from bifaces may help to distinguish the two periods.

Birds from the Ground: The Record of Archaeology in Ontario - Frances L. Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2005)

Subsistence at the Irving-Johnson Village and the Question of Deer Tending by the Neutrals - Frances L. Stewart; William D. Finlayson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2000)
The Irving-Johnston site (AjGx-27), located in the Crawford Lake region of southern Ontario, yielded over 8,500 zooarchaeological specimens, a large sample considering the diet and some of the seasonal rounds related to the subsistence of its Neutral inhabitants. Most of the remains were mammalian and of this class, the majority were identified as deer. This led to a consideration of the claim that the Neutral Indians 'tended' deer. In this paper we present a summary of the faunal material from the Irving-Johnston site and discuss both some of the ethnohistoric evidence and the age at death evidence concerning Neutral deer remains before reaching the conclusion that we cannot agree, at this time, that the Neutrals were managing deer herds.

Hell Gap: A Possible Occurrence in South Central Ontario - Andrew Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Sociobiology. The new synthesis - Frances L. Stewart (Bulletin, 1975)

Smith-Wintemberg Award Winner – Jim Pendergast - Frances Stewart (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2000)

Boardwalk, Northern Northwest Coast, Canada—A New Face to an Old Site - STEWART, Kathlyn M.; Frances L. Stewart; Gary Coupland (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)
Recent excavations at the Boardwalk site in Prince Rupert Harbour provide new insights into subsistence, and into events in the Harbour, between 2200 and 950  B.P. Fish, especially salmon, were far more important than previously thought, while mammals and birds comprise less than 10 percent of the fauna. At 2200  B.P. Boardwalk was occupied primarily during fall and winter, with a subsistence based mainly on salmon, supplemented by land mammals and birds, but few sea mammals. About 2000 B.P., deposition ceased in parts of Boardwalk, followed by abandonment at other Harbour villages. These events coincided with evidence of climatic instability, increased human conflict, and growing status differentiation. By 1200  B.P., fauna increased sixfold at Boardwalk, and seasonal indicators provide a strong case for year-round occupation. Inhabitants took much greater advantage of marine resources, particularly sea mammals, and salmon was still a staple. Over time, despite instability and change in the Harbour, Boardwalk clearly held a unique position vis-à-vis other sites.

The Basket Case: Deciphering Subsistence Patterns in the Southwest Anderson Plain Region, N.W.T., in the Late Prehistoric Period - Leslie Still (CAA Occasional Paper No. 1, 1991)
The analysis of 12 faunal samples collected in the southwest Anderson Plain demonstrates a clear dependence on caribou as a primary dietary mainstay in late prehistoric times. The secondary focus shifted seasonally between snowshoe hare, fish and waterfowl. This analysis has also identified a number of bone disposal techniques which included burning in the domestic fire, gathering and burial, and possibly disposing of the bones of certain species in a nearby lake or stream.

Editor's Note - Carole Stimmell (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1999)

Editor's Note - Carole Stimmell (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1999)

Editor's Note - Carole Stimmell (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1996)

The Cow Head Complex and the Recent Indian Period in Newfoundland, Labrador and the Quebec Lower North Shore - Marianne Stopp (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)

FbAx–01: A Daniel Rattle Hearth in Southern Labrador - Marianne P. Stopp (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)
The results of a partial excavation of an elliptical hearth in St. Lewis Inlet, Labrador, are presented. Two site dates between 1288–1172 cal BP place this site within the Daniel Rattle complex. Faunal remains suggest an inner coast adaptation, while a large assemblage of Ramah flakes suggests long-distance connections along the outer coast. Although in all respects an example of small sites archaeology, FbAx–01 data are useful for examining broader questions of ethnicity, mobility and settlement, Amerindian contact with Dorset, and trade.

The Cultural Landscapes of Port au Choix – Precontact Hunter-Gatherers of Northwestern Newfoundland - Marianne P. Stopp (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2013)

La Question de la Coexistence du Paléoesquimau et de l'Amérindien: Recherches dans la Région de Blanc-Sablon, Basse-Côte Nord, Québec - Marianne P. Stopp (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1998)

Le Site Lavoie (DbEj-11). L'Archaïque aux Grandes Bergeronnes, Haute Côte-Nord du Saint-Laurent, Québec - Marianne P. Stopp (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1997)

Palaeo-Indian Settlement Patterns Associated with the Strandline of Glacial Lake Algonquin in Southcentral Ontario - Peter L. Storck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1982)
In Southcentral Ontario, Early and Late Palaeo-Indian peoples occupied the strandline of Glacial Lake Algonquin, with which they may have been contemporaneous, as well as older, abandoned strandlines elsewhere. While the Georgian Bay region and the eastern Simcoe Lowlands were both intensively occupied by early Palaeo-Indians, the settlement patterns in the two regions appear to have been different. The two sites known in the former region may have served as base camps from which the entire region was exploited; in contrast, the occupation of the eastern margin of the Simcoe Lowlands appears to have been much more diffuse, as indicated by more numerous but smaller sites. Archaeological work along the Algonquin strandline has probably revealed only a portion of the total settlement pattern, and there is a need to focus survey work on other landforms in different areas to discover the full range of sites used during the seasonal round.

The Parkhill Site: an Agate Basin Surface Collection in South Central Saskatchewan - Peter Storck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1986)

Thedford II: A Paleo-Indian Site in the Ausable River Watershed of Southwestern Ontario - Peter L. Stork (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1993)

Early evidence of agriculture in the Great Lakes - David M. Stothers (Bulletin, 1973)

Philosophy and Archaeology - Richard L. Stromberg (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1984)

Archaeological Sediments in Context - Barbara Stucki (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1985)

Practice Molds Place: Communities of Pottery Production and Situated Identities at Location 3 (AgHk-54) - Amanda Suko (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2017)
The archaeological study of Late Woodland communities in southern Ontario has identified two spatially and culturally distinct manifestations known as the Western Basin and Ontario Iroquoian Traditions. Recently, the emergence of sites along an interstice between these two manifestations has invited study of the potential for socio-material syncretization within such a “borderland” context. Using materiality theory and the communities of practice approach, along with an attribute-based analysis of pottery vessel designs, this paper discusses notions of identity formation and place at Location 3, a thirteenth-century “borderland” site near Arkona, Ontario. It is suggested this site was inhabited by newly configured, residentially mobile communities who perceived ceramic vessel production as a field of co-participation and learning. This, in turn, resulted in the emergence of situated social identities and notions of place, along with the materialization of a short-lived, localized design repertoire composed of combined elements from neighbouring potters.

Mapping Social Cohesion in Prince Rupert Harbour, BC: A Social Application of GIS to the Archaeology of the Northwest Coast - Kisha Supernant; Corey Cookson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2014)
Over the past twenty years, the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in archaeology has transformed the way spatial data are collected, stored, and analysed. The adoption of GIS into archaeology, however, has been uneven. On the Northwest Coast, the full potential of GIS has yet to be realized, both as a tool for data management and for analysis of landscapes at multiple scales. In this paper, we present results from recent research in Prince Rupert Harbour, where we combine archaeological data, GIS analyses, and social questions to explore important issues in Northwest Coast archaeology. This project demonstrates that regional patterns of interaction and change in settlement through time in Prince Rupert Harbour are closely tied to social relations, historical contingencies, and memory. We argue that a theoretically robust application of GIS to archaeological data is an important area of research on the Northwest Coast and has significant implications for conclusions we draw about social dynamics and interaction in the past.

Challenges to Critical Community-based Archaeological Practice in Canada - Kisha Supernant; Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2014)
The implementation of Indigenous, collaborative, and community-oriented approaches in archaeological research and practice is promoted by many archaeologists as the path to the decolonization of archaeology. Collaborative archaeology, however, may inadvertently cause harm because it can produce certain interpretations of the past that can effectively promote the Indigenous rights of one descendant community over other communities or silence the political voices of certain members within the same community. This paper presents two case studies of attempted community-oriented archaeology with different Indigenous groups in Canada, each of which encountered barriers and complications in the collaborative process. The authors conclude that community-based archaeology, despite its good intentions, has the potential to do harm to Indigenous rights and self-determination. For archaeologists who are intent on decolonizing archaeology in solidarity with Indigenous peoples, there may be situations where archaeologists should refrain from doing archaeology, support archaeology carried out by Indigenous archaeologists in their own communities and, where appropriate, become active politically in advocating for Indigenous rights and the decolonization of Canada.

Be of Good Mind: Essays on the Coast Salish - Kisha Supernant (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

Reconciling the Past for the Future: The Next 50 Years of Canadian Archaeology in the Post-TRC Era - Kisha Supernant (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2018)

Pleistocene Bone Technology in the Beringian Refugium (Bonnichsen) and Taphonomy and Archaeology in the Upper Pleistocene of the Northern Yukon Territory: A Glimpse of the Peopling of the New World - Anthony J. Sutcliffe (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1982)

Contact, Continuity and Collapse: The Norse Colonization of the North Atlantic - Patricia D. Sutherland (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2004)

Changing Times: British Columbia Archaeology in the 1980's - Patricia D. Sutherland (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1995)

Archaeological Site Distributions on the South Coast of Devon Island, High Arctic Canada - Patricia D. Sutherland (CAA Occasional Paper No. 1, 1991)
Helicopter and foot surveys carried out in 1985 and 1987 by the NOGAP-Archaeology Project, covered most of the southern coast of Devon Island. The 269sites recorded represent all known periods of prehistoric and historic occupation of the High Arctic. Analysis of the distribution of components suggests that coastal locations close to the mouths of bays and fiords were favoured by most prehistoric occupants of the area. Palaeo-Eskimo occupations appear to have been more heavily concentrated in the western portions of the coast, and Dorset occupations were particularly associated with the inner coasts of the large bays of southwestern Devon Island. Neo-Eskimo occupations were more evenly distributed throughout the survey area. It is postulated that these distributions can be best explained in terms of access to different sea ice environments and the sea mammals associated with these environments.

Prehistoric Cultural Change at Kitselas Canyon - Patricia D. Sutherland (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1989)

Using Aerial Photography for Site Survey in Arctic Canada: the Lancaster Sound NOGAP Study - Patricia D. Sutherland; H. Paul Roy (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1991)
Aerial photography is widely recognized as one of the most efficient means of conducting a survey, particularly in inaccessible areas. Despite this, its application in archaeological studies within Canada has been quite limited. In 1987 a pilot study using low level/large scale aerial photography for archaeological survey was undertaken in the Lancaster Sound region of High Arctic Canada, as part of the Northern Oil and Gas Action Plan (NOGAP) Archaeology Project. This paper describes the procedures used and the results obtained in the pilot study, and discusses the efficacy of this approach relative to conventional survey methods. It concludes that aerial photography is a cost-effective technique for archaeological reconnaisance of large and relatively inaccessible areas in the Canadian High Arctic.

Previously Unpublished Neoeskimo Collections From the Beaufort Sea Coast - Ken Swayze (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1992)

The Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula Interior: Pre-Contact Inuvialuit Landuse - Ken Swayze (CAA Occasional Paper No. 2, 1994)
Over a period of three field seasons, nine small pre-contact Inuvialuit sites, believed to be representative of the landuse in the interior of the Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, were recorded and tested. The sites tend to be located near the outlet streams of headwater lakes with known fishery potential, and their distribution straddles the historic territories of the Kittigarymiut and the Nuvurugmiut. Artifacts and faunal remains indicate that fish and waterfowl were processed intensively from early spring to mid or late summer, but evidence for caribou hunting is minimal. This raises questions concerning pre-contact Inuvialuit social organization and specialization of resource exploitation. A procedure to resolve these questions is proposed.

The Snyder Dam Site (DhMg-37), Southwestern Manitoba:Two New Ceramic Components - E. Leigh Syms (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1979)
Samples from two components of the Snyder Dam Site (DhMg-37), Southwestern Manitoba are discussed. Occupation 1 is a late Middle (or Initial) Woodland component with a weighted mean of three dates of A.D. 937±39. Occupation 2 is a Late (or Terminal) Woodland component dating A.D. 1285±70. The multiple dates represent a test of comparison using collagen versus charcoal dates and are accompanied by discussion of the relative merits of each material. The two components are represented by reconstructed vessels. The reconstructions show that much more information is available than from rim sherds. An attempt to relate the squat conoidal textile impressed vessels of Occupation 1 materials with other ceramic typologies of the Middle Woodland period shows that the Snyder Dam component is unique and that comparative analysis is hampered by rarity of reconstructions, lack of analysis of textile surface impressions, poor quality of visual presentations, and local regional orientation of analysis.

Stories of the Old Ones from Lee River, Southeastern Manitoba: The Owl Inini, Carver Inini and Dancer Ikwe - Scott Hamilton (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2016)

Breaking Lipids to Enrich the Past: Looking Up to the Next 50 Years of Organic Residue Analysis - Karine Taché (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2018)

Explaining Vinette I Pottery Variability: The View from the Batiscan Site, Québec - Karine Taché (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2005)
Communities participating in the Meadowood Interaction Sphere during the Early Woodland period (3,000–2,400 BP) were among the first to use pottery in northeastern North America. The Batiscan site, excavated in the 1960s, produced one of the largest Vinette I collections known to date. Revisiting this ceramic assemblage has revealed more heterogeneity than is generally recognized within the Vinette I type of pottery. Indeed, variations from the typological definition exist, both within and between Early Woodland ceramic collections. A number of diagnostic traits, such as the presence of exterior and interior cord impressions and the absence of decoration, are challenged by the present study. It is hypothesized that part of this variability is chronological, and that the vessels from Batiscan were manufactured closer to the end of the Early Woodland period. However, other factors, such as the frequency and scale of production, and the possible exchange and circulation of ceramic containers, must also be taken into account when interpreting Vinette I variability.

Potières-du-Buisson: La Céramique de tradition Melocheville sur le site Hector-Trudel - Karine Taché (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

From Molecules to Clay Pot Cooking at the Archaic-Woodland Transition: A Glimpse from Two Sites in the Middle St. Lawrence Valley, QC - Karine Taché; Adrian Burke; Oliver Craig (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2017)
The Archaic-Woodland transition is noted for the rise of social complexity, establishment of long-distance exchange networks, and the adoption of pottery technology. The inhabitants of the Middle St. Lawrence valley witnessed and participated in these fundamental changes. This article combines organic residue analyses and ethnohistorical data to better understand the use of Vinette 1 pottery at Batiscan and Parc des Pins, two archaeological sites in the Middle St. Lawrence valley (QC). Results suggest aquatic resources and degraded animal fats as the main sources of organic residues preserved in Vinette 1 vessels from these localities, with little contribution from plants. The methodology employed allowed the identification of substances and culinary practices which would have been impossible to detect otherwise, thereby providing new insights into the uses of ceramic containers poorly preserved and lacking clear archaeological contexts.

The utilization of land inventory data for bio-archaeology - Morgan J. Tamplin (Bulletin, 1975)

The Diamond Jenness Peninsula - William E. Taylor Jr. (Bulletin, 1972)

DeBlicquy, A Thule Culture Site on Bathurst Island, N.W.T. - Taylor; McGhee (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Analysis - Paul Thibaudeau (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2002)

Foundations of Social Inequality - Paul Thibaudeau (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1998)

An Investigation of Interassemblage Variability Within The Gulf of Georgia Phase - Brian Thom (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1992)
This paper is an examination of diversity in archaeological assemblages within a culture type. The Gulf of Georgia Phase of the Northwest Coast provides an interesting, previously uninvestigated area to examine such diversity. It is proposed here that such diversity is limited by the environment that the assemblage occurs in. The artifact assemblages from 18 Gulf of Georgia components are summarized in a common typology and then put through a clustering routine in an attempt to clearly show the relationship between culture and environment.

Public Participation in Archaeology - Kiara Beaulieu (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2015)

Solicited Dialogue on "A Never Ending Story" - J. Callum Thomson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1994)

Seasons of Difference: Stone Tool Use and Palaeolithic Seasonality in Central Europe - Silvia Tomášková (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2013)
Typologies of stone tools from prehistoric archaeological sites have traditionally provided the basis for normative models based on presumed ethno-chronologies. The study presented in this article relies on microscopic use-wear of stone tools from Upper Palaeolithic sites in Central Europe to suggest a far greater interpretive potential for lithic assemblages. Willendorf, Dolní Vĕstonice, and Pavlov are well-known Gravettian sites with some of the earliest examples of carved figurines and textile fibres. Yet despite their geographic proximity their similarities and differences have rarely been seriously studied. The results of the lithic use-wear study from the sites suggest a varied seasonal occupation for both sites, permitting a more nuanced interpretation of different stone tool assemblages. This line of evidence suggests that some Palaeolithic sites may have been occupied for much longer intervals than previously considered.

Large-Site Methodology: Architectural Analysis and Dual Organization in the Andes - John Topic (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1993)

Tanaina Archaeology in the Iliamna Lake Region, Alaska - Joan B. Townsend (Bulletin, 1970)

Chasing Reality: Strife over Realism - Bruce G. Trigger (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2006)

Archaeology and Anthropology: Current and Future Relations - Bruce G. Trigger (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1989)
In recent years archaeological findings have become more important for understanding ethnographical data. Yet archaeologists remain a minority in most anthropology departments in Canada and the United States. This paper discusses the basis on which a new relationship between archaeologists and ethnologists could be established that would be of general benefit to anthropology.

Solicited Dialogue on "A Never Ending Story" - Bruce G. Trigger (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1994)

Trace Element Analysis of Iroquoian Pottery - B.G. Trigger; L. Yaffe; M. Diksic; J.-L. Galinier; H. Marshall; J.F. Pendergast (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1980)
ties and differences in the chemical composition of Iroquoian ceramics between the 5t. Lawrence Valley and the area occupied by groups ancestral to the Huron and Tionontati; among individual St. Lawrence and Ontario Iroquoian sites; between Ontario and St. Lawrence-style sherds from the same Ontario Iroquoian sites; and among different longhouses within three Ontario Iroquoian villages. The findings indicate lines along which further research of this sort may prove valuable."

What is Archaeology? An Essay on the Nature of Archaeological Research - Bruce G. Trigger (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1989)

The History of James Bay 1610–1686 - James A. Tuck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1987)

Cow Point: an Archaic cemetery in New Brunswick - James A. Tuck (Bulletin, 1975)

A summary of Atlantic provinces prehistory - James A. Tuck (Bulletin, 1975)

The Discovery of a Norse Settlement in America - James A. Tuck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1979)

The Grimsby Site: A Historic Neutral Cemetery - James A. Tuck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1984)

Prehistoric Archaeology in Atlantic Canada Since 1975 - James A. Tuck (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1982)

A Nice Place to Visit, but … Prehistoric Human Extinction on the Island of Newfoundland - James A. Tuck; Ralph T. Pastore (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1985)
Periodic extinctions of human populations which are well documented in the archaeological record are examined in the light of the number and nature of faunal resources available to prehistoric peoples on the Island of Newfoundland. The principal prey species, both marine and terrestrial, are both limited in number and because of their migratory habits only seasonally available. During “normal” times species become available at times during the year which allow human groups to take advantage of their presence and populations to flourish. Even short term interruptions of normal availability of a single species, however, can cause extreme stress upon human populations. The lack of “fall-back” resources within this simple ecosystem may ultimately have also contributed to the observed extinctions of human groups.

Maritime Provinces Prehistory - Christopher J. Turnbull; Patricia M. Allen (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1988)

Archaeological Survey of Canada Annual Reviews 1980–1981 - Christopher J. Turnbull (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Reflections on a Ground Slate Bayonet Fragment from the Tantramar Marsh, Upper Bay of Fundy - C.J. Turnbull (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1988)
A ground slate bayonet was collected from the mudflats of the upper Bay of Fundy; the environmental context of this single find is reviewed to provide a context for our expectations of the archaeological record of the region. While the Quoddy region of the bay has been known for its richness of resources and the maritime adaptation of its Native inhabitants, the adjacent region at the head of the Bay of Fundy has the lowest potential of any region in the Maritimes. The large tides in the Bay of Fundy have created a stressed ecological zone with markedly reduced resource potential of the region for an 'Archaic-type' economy. Another distinctive mini-environment of the Maritime Provinces is identified. The geological circumstances that provoke the world's largest tides have reduced the archaeological potential of the area even further. The coastal erosion accompanying the general subsidence of the Maritime Provinces and the unique geomorphology of the bay that create the high tides have removed nearly all of the record of human history as well.

Archaeology, the Paleolithic of Northeast Asia, a Non-Tropical Origin for Humanity, and the Earliest Stages of the Settlement of America - Christy G. Turner II (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

An Anthropologist’s Arrival: A Memoir - Laurie Milne (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2017)

A Companion to Social Archaeology - Colin Varley (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)

Seasonal Round Problems on the Alberta Plains - J. Rod Vickers (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1991)
This paper examines the articulation of archaeological data with models of Native settlement pattern on the Alberta Plains. The models are derived from ethnographic accounts for the Historic equestrian Blackfoot, and from bison ecology for prehistoric pedestrian hunters. Both models assume that the Plains Indians were organized into residential bands which may have formed tribal aggregates in some seasons. The archaeological data indicate that two patterns of spring settlement existed; one of bands communally hunting bison, another of extended family groups stalking bison. There is no evidence for summer tribal aggregations; rather, it appears that small family camps were situated along the edges of river valleys. Large fall season communal kills and camps are under-represented in comparison to the Wyoming record; this may be a sampling problem. Two patterns exist for winter: large, isolated, multi-band camps in major river valleys, and smaller band camps distributed more continuously along smaller streams. The large winter camps form the best evidence for residential aggregates larger than the band in prehistoric times. These data suggest that the settlement pattern was more complex than accounted for by existing models.

Carl W. Blegen: Personal and Archaeological Narratives - Laurie Milne (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2016)

Accelerator Radiocarbon Dates from the NOGAP Archaeology Project - John S. Vogel; Thomas A. Brown; John R. Southon; D. Erle Nelson (CAA Occasional Paper No. 1, 1991)
The technique of accelerator mass spectrometry was used to provide radiocarbon ages for 31 bone, antler and wood samples. The samples were sufficiently large (0.25 - 2g) and well-preserved that routine preparative procedures could be used. We encountered no unusual problems, and so we are confident that the results obtained are reliable.

Balsam Lake Chert from the Upper Member of the Middle Ordovician Bobcaygeon Formation of Southern Ontario - Peter H. von Bitter; Betty Eley (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1984)
Balsam Lake chert, a diagnostic lithic material characterized by its dark bluish-gray colour and peloidal texture, is of interest because of its use by native peoples of southern Ontario for the manufacture of tools and weapons. Archaeologists have found this material at various sites but its geological source has until now remained unknown. We have located two in situ sources of the chert in the upper member of the Bobcaygeon Formation on Balsam Lake. This chert is apparently, discontinuously bedded and restricted to one horizon, an important factor in tracing it elsewhere in the area and in locating Indian quarry and workshop sites.

Archaeological Metrology: English, French, American and Canadian Systems of Weights and Measures for North American Historical Archaeology - Heinz W, Pyszczyk (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Temporal and Biological Dimensions of the Gray Site Population - William D. Wade (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1981)
From the beginning of work at the Gray Burial Site in southwestern Saskatchewan in 1969, it has been unclear whether the site was used by one or several groups, and whether use of the site was interrupted by one or more intervals of inactivity. This paper assesses old and new evidence bearing on these questions. Consideration is given to the existing radiocarbon dates, new fluorine dates, and cluster analyses of skeletal data. The author concludes that the Gray Site was probably used continuously by a single group of people for a protracted period.

Distinguishing Sex of Bison bison bison Using Discriminant Function Analysis - Dale Walde (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2004)
Sex ratio of prey has long been recognized as an important statistic for analysis of hunting and processing decisions made by bison hunters. Methods for assigning sex to bison bones, often involving the analysis of complete single elements such as metapodials, have been developed. Seasonal nutritional differences between the sexes may have been a factor in decision-making by hunters. Because extracting nutrition from bone requires breakage, methods that can assign sex to fragmented bones are required to test this conclusion. Sex determination equations derived from discriminant function analysis of known sex Bison bison bison for the proximal and distal ends of long bones are presented. The equations are applicable only to materials less than 6,000 years old.

Imagining Head-Smashed-In: Aboriginal Buffalo Hunting on the Northern Plains - Dale A. Walde (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)

Assessing Site Significance: A Guide for Archaeologists and Historians - Dale Walde (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2002)

Compositional Analysis of Glass Beads from Huron-Wendat Contexts at the Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Mission Site, Quebec - Heather Walder; Stéphane Noël (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2021)
Glass trade beads recovered during the 2018 excavations of the Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Mission Site (CeEu-11), the site of a c. 1673–1697 Huron-Wendat village at L’Ancienne-Lorette (Quebec), were analyzed using Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). This minimally invasive analysis, conducted with permission from the Huron-Wendat Nation of Quebec, provides information about glass bead recipes that can be compared to other known samples from across eastern North America. This paper presents compositional analysis results for 78 artifacts (mainly simple, drawn varieties of blue and white beads) and compares the L’Ancienne-Lorette glass bead compositions to those from other seventeenth-century Wendat archaeological sites in the Western Great Lakes and in Southern Ontario. These sites were occupied both prior to and after the ca. 1650 dispersal of Huron-Wendat people from Wendake. From this research, historic Wendat trade networks and population movements can be inferred.

The Woodlawn Site: A Case for Interregional Disease Transmission in the Late Prehistoric Period - Ernest G. Walker (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)
The Woodlawn site is a Late Prehistoric burial site assigned to the Devils Lake-Sourisford Burial Complex of the Northeastern Plains. This paper is concerned with the identification of tuberculous infection in skeletal remains from this site and considers the possibility that the establishment of interregional trade networks with Middle Mississippian populations is responsible for the appearance of this disease in Saskatchewan.

The Moose Bay Burial Mound (EdMq 3) - Ernest G. Walker (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

The Kensington Runestone: Approaching a Research Question Holistically - Birgitta Wallace (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2006)

Archaeology Matters: Action Archaeology in the Modern World - Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2009)

The Archaeology of Native-Lived Colonialism: Challenging History in the Great Lakes - Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2010)

Collections and Objections: Aboriginal Material Culture in Southern Ontario, 1791–1914 - Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2011)

At a Crossroads: Archaeology and First Peoples in Canada - Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)

The St. Lawrence Iroquoians: Corn People - Gary Warrick (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)

Theorizing Materiality - Christopher Watts (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2018)

Zuni Origins: Toward a New Synthesis of Southwestern Archaeology - John R. Welch (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

M. A. Priscilla Renouf (August 8, 1953–April 4, 2014) - Patricia Wells (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2014)

Dorset Culture Bone and Antler Tool Reproductions Using Replica Lithics: Report on the Identification of Some Possible Manufacture Traces on Osseous Tools from Phillip’s Garden, Newfoundland - Patricia J. Wells; Renouf, M.A.P.; Tim Rast (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2014)
This report describes a project to reproduce four Dorset Culture osseous (bone and antler) tools common at the Phillip’s Garden site (EeBi-1), northwestern Newfoundland. Replicas of Dorset lithic tools were used to manufacture a needle, a barbed point, a harpoon head and a foreshaft-like tool. The characteristic traces generated on the osseous tools in the manufacture process were documented and compared, under low-power magnification, to archaeological examples of the same tools. There were some differences, but many similarities were noted in the comparisons. The project outcomes suggest the tentative identification of possible manufacture traces on archaeological material associated with the use of particular lithic tools, and include an evaluation of the capacities of some Dorset lithics in tool making. These results present tangible traces of Dorset tool making that suggest some conventional practices at Phillip’s Garden, and demonstrate potential for expanding this enquiry to understand change and endurance in practices throughout the broader Dorset region.

Ts'ishaa: Archaeology and Ethnography of a Nuu-chah-nulth Origin Site in Barkley Sound - Gary Wessen (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2005)

Foreword to The Oxbow Complex in Time and Space conferenceosium - Boyd Wettlaufer (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1981)

Context and Association in Canadian Shield Rock Art Systematics - James Patrick Whelan Jr. (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)

Strung Out on Archaeology: An Introduction to Archaeological Research - George Nicholas (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2017)

Preliminary Report on Human Interment Patterns of the Draper Site - Ron Williamson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1978)
A brief description is presented of 13 non-ossuary human burials encountered in excavation of the Draper site, a proto-contact Ontario Huron site. Ethnographic descriptions of Huron burial practices suggest interpretations for the distinctive nature of these interments.

Archaeological Heritage Management: The Last and Next Half Century - Ronald F. Williamson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology, 2018)

The Human Fossil Record, Volume Four: Craniodental Morphology of Early Hominids (Genera Australopithecus, Paranthropus, Orrrorin) and Overview - Pamela R. Willoughby (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2006)

Explaining Human Origins: Myth, Imagination and Conjecture - Pamela R. Willoughby (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)

Olduvai Gorge Volume 5: Excavations in Beds III, IV and the Masek Beds 1968–1971 - Pamela R. Willoughby (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1998)

Origins and Revolutions: Human Identity in Earliest Prehistory - Pamela R. Willoughby (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2008)

African Archaeology - Pamela R. Willoughby (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1995)

An Athabaskan Hypothesis - Roscoe Wilmeth (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1979)
Two major routes for the southward migration of the southern Athabaskans have been suggested, one through the Plains, the other through the Plateau. The evidence for each of these routes is assessed, and strengths and weaknesses noted. It is suggested that in fact both routes were used, with a complex pattern of divergence and merging at different times and places during the migration.

Distribution of several types of obsidian from archaeological sites in British Columbia - Roscoe Wilmeth (Bulletin, 1973)

Chilcotin Archaeology - Roscoe Wilmeth (Bulletin, 1970)

Pit-House Construction and the Disturbance of Stratified Sites - Roscoe Wilmeth (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1977)

Bison Ethology and Native Settlement Patterns During the Old Women’s Phase on the Northwestern Plains - Michael C. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2006)

Sechelt Zoomorphic Stone Bowl - Ian R. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2000)
In July 1991, an intricate stone bowl pecked and ground into the form of a bird was presented to the Sechelt band for permanent display in their museum. This pedastalled zoomorphic stone bowl, an impressive piece of sculpture in its own right, is unique in that it represents the first such item to have been recovered and reported from a dated archaeological context on the west coast of British Columbia. The artifact is one of the benchmarks of the Marpole Culture type and was recovered from a unique high-elevation site.

Art of the Mammoth Hunters: The Finds from Avdeevo - Lucy Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1998)

The Sheguiandah Site: Archaeological, Geological and Paleobotanical Studies at a Paleoindian Site on Manitoulin Island, Ontario - Michael C. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)

Geoarchaeological Investigations of the Age and Context of the Stalker (Taber Child) Site, DlPa 4, Alberta - Michael Clayton Wilson; David W. Harvey; Richard G. Forbis (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1983)
Detailed archaeological excavations were carried out in 1978 and 1979 at the Stalker Site (DlPa-4), north of Taber, Alberta. Their purpose was to clarify the stratigraphic sequence at the site, to evaluate the probable context of the human remains, and to search for additional human or faunal remains. The Quaternary deposits exposed included tills, intertill sands, ice-contact lacustrine deposits, Holocene slope deposits, and mudflow deposits. Slope retreat in recent years has not been as extensive at the site as originally believed, and Holocene deposits from an earlier gully cycle were identified. Diamictons that initially appeared to be till blocks in the orange intertill sands proved upon excavation to be Holocene mudflows, and contained bones (bison and jackrabbit). Bones of these species and pronghorn antelope were also recovered from Holocene slope deposits. Sediment samples from various units and from the Taber Child specimen were subjected to semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction spectrometry and percentage compositions of major mineral constituents were compared. The Taber Child matrix was diamictic and did not closely resemble sediment samples from the orange (rusty) intertill sands formerly thought to be the deposit of origin. Closer resemblances were noted with other deposits, including the Holocene mudflows. Given the presence of mudflow deposits within about one metre of the estimated discovery point, it is concluded that the Taber Child specimen could reasonably have come from Holocene deposits at the site. Cementation of matrix around the fossil was due to seepage at the site and is not an indicator of great antiquity.

Ideas of Landscape - Michael C. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)

Islands on the Plains: Ecological, Social, and Ritual Use of Landscapes - Michael C. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2005)

The Pink Mountain Site (HhRr–1): an Early Prehistoric Campsite in Northeastern B.C. - Ian R. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1989)
The Pink Mountain site, located in the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains in northern British Columbia, revealed artifacts suggestive of a 3,000 year time span extending to a fluted point occupation. The site appears to have been associated with a large proglacial lake. Comparisons of the artifacts with other northern and Rocky Mountain collections suggest affinities with Northern Cordilleran, Plano and Cody complex materials. Fluted points from the site are very similar to the specimen recovered from Charlie Lake Cave near Fort St. John. Microblade cores and macroblades were also recovered from the Pink Mountain site. Tentative associations between a microblade and, possibly, a macroblade industry and the fluted point technology are suggested.

Social Archaeology of Funerary Remains - Michael C. Wilson (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)

The Archaeologist’s Manual for Conservation: A Guide to Non-Toxic, Minimal Intervention Artifact Stabilization - Barbara Winter (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2006)

Quantifying Landscape Diversity and Uniqueness in the Prairie Ecozone - Dion Wiseman; James Graham (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2007)
SCAPE is an interdisciplinary research project examining human-environmental interactions of precontact groups in localities exhibiting exceptional physiographic and ecological diversity. While overall ecological diversity has been used to explain the patterns of intense occupation exhibited in these areas, there has been no formal investigation comparing the relative diversity and uniqueness of these landscapes or relative intensity of occupation occurring in these areas with adjacent environments across the Prairie ecozone. This paper presents a GIS-based methodology for quantitatively assessing the diversity and uniqueness of landscapes based on the analysis of geoindicators and the relationship between ecologically diverse and unique landscapes and the occurrence of archaeological sites. Results of these analyses indicate that at least one of the four SCAPE study areas exhibits exceptionally high diversity and uniqueness and that, overall, landscapes scoring in the highest category for combined diversity and uniqueness have significantly higher than expected frequencies of archaeological sites.

A Coiled Basket Fragment and Other Organic Artifacts from the Keatley Creek Site, British Columbia - Karen L. Wittke; Brian Hayden; and Marie-Ange Lauwerys (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2004)
Several unusual wood and plant artifactual remains were recovered from the Keatley Creek site in the Interior of British Columbia. The most important of these is a charred fragment of a coiled basket recovered from a Protohistoric Period ritual structure dated to 250 BP. This is the only archaeological example of coiled basketry from the Interior, and such examples are extremely rare on the Coast also. While it may have served as a cooking or water container, we also suggest that it may have been a prestige item, possibly used in ritual contexts. The other artifacts described include a section of a wooden shaft implement like a bow or hoop frame dated to 1410 BP, and a bifacial stone knife from a storage pit that still retained a bark wrapping probably dating to ca. 1000 BP.

Applied Zooarchaeology: Five Case Studies - Trevor J. Orchard (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2018)

An Early Paleo-Indian Site Near Parkhill, Ontario - Philip Woodley (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 2003)

Thistle Hill (AhGx–226): a Late Archaic House Pit Feature from Southern Ontario - Philip Woodley (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1988)

British Columbia Prehistory - William Workman (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1989)

The Rat Indian Creek Site and the Late Prehistoric Period in the Interior Northem Yukon - William B. Workman (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1987)

Western Subarctic Prehistory - William Workman (Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal canadien d'archéologie, 1993)